chapter 2
Help!
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| hereditary | it runs in the family
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| lethargic | a decrease in level of consciousness; in a medical record, this is generally an indication that the patient is really sick
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| noncontributory | not related to this specific problem
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| malaise | not feeling well
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| afebrile | to not have a fever
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| febrile | to have a fever
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| exacerbation | it is getting worse
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| chronic | it has been going on for a while now
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| acute | it just started recently or is a sharp severe symptom
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| progressive | more and more each day
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| proximal | closer in to the center
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| distal | farther away from the center
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| lateral | out to the side
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| medial | toward the middle
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| ventral / antral/ anterior | the front
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| dorsal/ posterior | the back
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| cranial | toward the top
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| caudal | toward the bottom
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| superior | above
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| inferior | below
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| prone | lying down on belly
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| supine | lying down on back
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| contralateral | opposite side
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| ipsilateral | same side
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| unilateral | one side
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| bilateral | both sides
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| dorsum | the top of the hand or foot
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| plantar | the sole of the foot
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| Palmar | the palm of the hand
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| abrupt | all of a sudden
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| symptom | something a patient feels
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| alert | able to answer questions; responsive; interactive
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| oriented | being aware of who he or she is, where he or she is, and the current time
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| marked | it really stands out
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| unremarkable | another way of saying normal
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| auscultation | to listen
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| percussion | to hit something and listen to the resulting sound or feel for the resulting vibration; drums are a percussion instrument
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| palpation | to feel
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| impression | another way of saying assessment
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| diagnosis | what the health care professional thinks the patient has
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| differential diagnosis | a list of conditions the patient may have based on the symptoms exhibited and the results of the exam
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| benign | safe
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| malignant | dangerous; a problem
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| degeneration | to be getting worse
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| remission | to get better or improve; most often used when discussing cancer; remission does not mean cure
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| idiopathic | no known specific cause; it just happens
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| localized | stays in a certain part of the body
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| systemic/ generalized | all over the body (or most of it)
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| prognosis | the chances for things getting better or worse
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| occult | hidden
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| lesion | diseased tissue
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| recurrent | to have again
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| sequela | a problem resulting from a disease or injury
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| pending | waiting for
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| pathogen | the organism that causes the problem
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| morbidity | the risk for being sick
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| mortality | the risk for dying
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| etiology | the cause
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| disposition | what happened to the patient at the end of the visit
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| discharge | to send home or fluid coming out of a part of the body
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| palliative | treating the symptoms, but not actually getting rid of the cause
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| observation | watch, keep an eye on
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| reassurance | to tell the patient that the problem is not serious or dangerous
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| supportive care | to treat the symptoms and make the patient feel better
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| sterile | extremely clean, germ-free conditions; especially important during medical procedures and surgery
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| prophylaxis | preventive treatment
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| sagittal | divides the body along a hypothetical plane from right to left
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| coronal | divides the body along a hypothetical plane from front to back
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| transverse | divides the body from top to bottom
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| physician | a skilled health care provider who attended and graduated medical school there are two types who practice in America: medical doctor (MD) and doctor of osteopathy (DO)
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| pediatrician | a physician with special training in caring for children
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| surgeon | a physician qualified to treat patients surgically, that is, by means of operation or invasive procedure
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| anesthesiologist | a physician with special training in pain sedation and pain control
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| epidemiologist | a specialist in the study of the causes and distribution of diseases in populations and the use of this data to enhance public health
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