patho
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
Help!
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| heart failure is a complication of... | show 🗑
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| cardiac arrest: | show 🗑
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| show | no, but cardiac arrest can be from a complication of heart failure
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| show | defines heart failure; the % of blood propelled out of the left ventricle with each contraction
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| normal LVEF: | show 🗑
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| LVEF that indicates heart failure: | show 🗑
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| show | the amount of blood pumped out of the LV per minute
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| show | SV x HR
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| show | 5000mls/min
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| show | -the volume of blood in the heart at the end of diastole (EDV)
-amount of blood returning to heart from the body per beat
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| show | an increase in SV
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| afterload: | show 🗑
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| increased afterload reduces... | show 🗑
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| show | the volume of blood pumped out of the LV during each systolic contraction
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| heart rate: | show 🗑
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| show | things that affect the force of contraction, is influenced by amount of calcium available
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| show | -calcium and SNS
-Digitalis
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| show | things that affect HR
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| show | digitalis and beta blockers
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| positive chronotropic agents (2): | show 🗑
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| hydrostatic pressure: | show 🗑
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| show | pulls fluid from the interstitial and intracellular spaces back into the capillary
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| explain RAAS: | show 🗑
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| show | -adrenal release of aldosterone
-ventricular remodeling
-vasoconstriction
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| show | atria senses too much fluid
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| BNP is released when... | show 🗑
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| show | -stimulates diuresis
-blocks renin and aldosterone release
-vasodilates
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| show | TNF alpha
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| show | -HTN
-CAD
-angina
-MI
-mitral valvular disease
-aortic valvular disease
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| causes of right-sided ventricular heart failure (9): | show 🗑
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| cardiomyopathy: | show 🗑
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| show | myocardial fibrosis due to CAD or MI
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| dilated cardiomyopathy: | show 🗑
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| show | ventricle is restricted and unable to fill during diastole due to myocardial fibrosis or pericardial effusion
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| show | -septum in LV hypertrophies and stiffens due to genetics or chronic HTN
-obstructs blood flow out of the heart
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| acute heart failure: | show 🗑
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| chronic heart failure: | show 🗑
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| systolic heart failure: | show 🗑
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| what EF value indicates systolic heart failure? | show 🗑
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| HFpEF (diastolic) heart failure: | show 🗑
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| show | EF can be normal because the EDV is reduced
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| what EF value indicates diastolic heart failure? | show 🗑
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| why is the EF value for diastolic heart failure high? | show 🗑
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| all types of heart failure result in... (2) | show 🗑
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| high output heart failure: | show 🗑
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| show | heart is unable to pump out an appropriate amount of blood to tissues and lungs
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| show | damage to the heart (i.e. MI), preventing adequate pressure generation
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| diastolic LVFH occurs from... | show 🗑
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| how do backward effects of LVFH occur? | show 🗑
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| how to forward effects of LVFH occur? | show 🗑
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| how does body compensate for forward effects of LVHF? | show 🗑
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| show | fluid backup from our right ventricle to the right atrium and then backup in the vena cavas and the rest of our body
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| show | -dyspnea
-orthopnea
-paroxysmal nocturnal disease
-cough
-frothy sputum
-crackles heard in lungs
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| forward effects of LVHF (7): | show 🗑
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| backward effects of RVHF (8): | show 🗑
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| a weight gain of __-__ pounds in 1 week is concerning for a heart failure patient | show 🗑
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| show | -elevated BNP
-echocardiogram
-EKG
-diluted electrolytes from fluid retention
-CXR
-weight gain
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| show | -presence of LVEF
-presence of valvular disorders
-size of heart chambers
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| show | -hyperthyroidism
-anemia
-obesity
-sepsis
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| show | RVHF
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| show | cor pulmonale
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| show | low
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| HFrEF (systolic) heart failure: | show 🗑
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Created by:
akgross
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