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Unit 6 Vocab

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Term
Definition
Blockbusting   A practice in which realtors persuade white homeowners in a neighborhood to sell their homes by convincing them that the neighborhood is declining due to black families moving in  
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Boomburb (boomburg)   a place with more than 100,000 residents that is not a core city in a metropolitan area; a large suburb with its own government  
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Brownfields   properties whose use or development may be complicated by the potential presence of hazardous substances or pollutants  
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Built environment   The human-made space in which people live, work, and engage in leisure activities on a daily basis  
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Central Place Theory   a model, developed by Walter Christaller, that attempts to understand why cities are located where they are  
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Compact design   Development that grows up (in the form of taller buildings) rather than out (in the form of urban sprawl)  
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De facto segregation   Racial segregation that is not supported by law but is still apparent  
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Edge city   a concentration of business, shopping, and entertainment that developed in the suburbs, outside of a city’s traditional downtown or CBD  
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Environmental racism   Occurs when areas inhabited by low-income people of color are targeted for environmental contamination  
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Exclusionary zoning   Zoning that attempts to keep low- to moderate - income people out of a neighborhood  
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Exurb   a semirural district located beyond the suburbs that is often inhabited by well-to-do families  
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Gentrification   The displacement of lower-income residents by higher-income residents as an area or neighborhood improves  
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Greenbelt   a zone of grassy, forested, or agricultural land separating urban areas  
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Infill development   the building of new retail, business, or residential spaces on vacant or underused parcels in already-developed areas  
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New Urbanism   An approach to city planning that focuses on fostering European-style cities of dense settlements, attractive architecture, and housing of different types and prices within walking distance to shopping, restaurants, jobs, and public transportation.  
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NIMBYs   “not in my backyard,” term for people who try to prevent the construction of affordable housing and other types of development in their neighborhood.  
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Perceived Density   the general impression of the estimated number of people present in a given area  
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Primate City   a city that is much larger than any other city in the country and that dominated the country’s economic, political, and cultural life  
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Range   In central place theory, the distance people will travel to acquire a good  
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Rank-size rule   The population of a settlement is inversely proportional to its rank in the urban hierarchy (2nd largest has ½ population of largest city, 3rd has ⅓ population of largest, and so on)  
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Redlining   the practice of identifying high-risk neighborhoods on a city map and refusing to lend money to people who want to buy property in those neighborhoods  
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Smart growth   Policies that combat regional sprawl by addressing issues of population density and transportation  
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Sprawl   The tendency of cities to grow outward in an unchecked manner  
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Squatter Settlements   An area of degraded, seemingly temporary, inadequate, and often illegal housing  
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Suburb   A populated area on the outskirts of a city  
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Threshold   In central place theory, the number of people required to support a business  
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Urban Heat Island   A mass of warm air in cities, generated by urban building materials and human activities, that sits over a city  
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Urban Renewal   Large-scale redevelopment of the built environment in downtown and older inner-city neighborhoods.  
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White Flight   the mass movement of white people from the city to the suburbs  
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World City   A city that is a control center of the global economy, in which major decisions are made about the world’s commercial networks and financial markets (also called a global city)  
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Zoning   the classification of land according to restrictions on its use and development  
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Created by: Sara Hill
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