Emergency Care
Help!
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| show | tap and shout, call for help, establish airway head tilt chin lift, check breathing, give 2 breaths, check for pulse, if no pulse chest compressions, provide 100% o2, draw abg
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| What are the complications of CPR | show 🗑
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| show | rib fractures, fractured sternum and clavicle, contusions to heart and or lungs, lacerated liver and or spleen due to xiphoid compression, pulm/fat embolism, pneumothorax/hemothorax
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| How do you evaluate the effectiveness of cardiopulmonary resuscitation | show 🗑
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| What are the various methods of emergency ventilation | show 🗑
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| show | air in the pleural space, trachea deviated to opposite side, hyperresonant percussion note and decreased breath sounds on the affected side, recommend insertion of chest tube
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| When trouble shooting problems with manual ventilation high resistance/low compliance a hemothorax presents | show 🗑
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| show | unable to pass suction catheter, decreased breath sounds, remove tube and use alternative form of ventilation (bag valve mask unit)
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| When trouble shooting problems with manual ventilation high resistance/low compliance, right mainstem intubation presents | show 🗑
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| What are the steps for CPR for unwitnessed cardiopulmonary arrest in children 1 to 8 years old | show 🗑
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| show | tap and shout, establish airway, check breathing, give 2 breaths, mouth to mouth and nose ventilation, check pulse brachial, if no pulse compressions 1 minute or 20 cyles 5:1 ratio with a pause after 5th compression, call for help, 100% o2 abg
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| show | sniffing position
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| How do you perform resuscitation birth to 1 month breathing | show 🗑
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| show | use thumbs or 2 fingers perpendicular on the lower third of sternum below nipple line neonate, 1/2-3/4 inch at 90/min and 30 ventilations
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| What is the ratio for neonate | show 🗑
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| show | head tilt ching lift, 10-12 breaths per min every 5-6 sec, heel bottom of hand 1 1/2-2 inches, 100/min ratio 30:2
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| Child 1-8 years old CPR | show 🗑
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| Infant under 1 year CPR | show 🗑
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| Newborn birth to 1 month CPR | show 🗑
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| show | low blood pressure, poor capillary refill, weak thready pulse
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| What do you treat hypotension with | show 🗑
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| show | hr less than 60 adult, less than 100 in infant
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| show | atropine, dopamine and epinephrine for an adult, epinephrine and atropine for children, external pacemaker
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| show | PVC treat with oxygen and lidocaine, ventricular tachycardia treat with defibrillation 360 joules or epinephrine, amiodarone, or lidocaine
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| show | defib 360 joules, epinephrine, amiodarone, or lidocaine, if patient has metabolic acidosis administer sodium bicarbonate
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| show | confirm 2 leads treat with epinephrine, atropine, DO NOT defibrillate
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| show | therapeutic procedure that involves administering a low voltage current to the heart tissue in an attempt to convert a cardiac dysrhythmia to normal sinus rhythm, synchronizing switch is on, 50-100 joules, o2 should be present
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| show | check pulse first, then turn off synchronizing switch, increase to 200 joules and defibrillate
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| What strong short acting sedative is given prior to the cardioversion | show 🗑
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| What is defibrillation | show 🗑
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| What are the indications for defibrillation | show 🗑
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| How many joules are sufficient for defibrillation | show 🗑
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| Criteria for the ideal resuscitation bag self inflating, ideal stroke volume | show 🗑
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| show | true non rebreathing valve, universal connector with a 22 mm OD and 15 mm ID, patient valve that does not jam at 15 liters per minute, oxygen inlet flow to provide that highest FIO2 possible
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| What does the mask look like for a self inflating resuscitation bag | show 🗑
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| What does the reservoir give | show 🗑
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| When trouble shooting a self inflating bag excessively high flow may cause | show 🗑
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| show | eliminates direct contact with the patient, supplemental o2 can be administered up to 50% oxygen concentration with a flow rate at 10L/min, a one way valve between the mask and the practitioners mouth eliminates the exposure to exhaled air
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| show | flowrate of 100 LPM, pressure relief set at 50 cmH2O(audible alarm), 100% oxygen delivered from gas source, inspiration can be started by using a manual button or by the patient generating negative pressure
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| show | no detect changes in patients lung compliance and resistance, possible self triggering and premature termination of inspiration during chest compressions, high turbulent flows may create high resistance to ventilation, gastric insufflation, 50 psi
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| What equipment is needed for the transport of a patient | show 🗑
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| For land air transport use | show 🗑
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| What happens to the oxygen during air transport | show 🗑
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| What is pulmonary edema/CHF | show 🗑
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| What is the assessment of pulmonary edema/CHF | show 🗑
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| show | 100% os via non rebreather, IPPB with 100% o2 and ethanol, PEEP/CPAP if necessary, increase the strength of the heart contraction(inotropy) by giving digitalis, decrease venous return by giving lasix, body position fowlers
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| show | deadspace disease ventilation without perfusion, clood clots in the lungs and will affect oxygenation and circulation
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| show | sudden onset of dyspnea, tachypnea, patient appears to be hyperventilating but in not, anxious, chest pain, ventilation/perfusion scan shows no perfusion with ventilation=deadspace disease
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| What is the treatment for pulmonary emboli | show 🗑
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| show | presence of gas in the pleural space that can seriously affect ventilation
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| How do you assess pneumothorax | show 🗑
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| What is the treatment for a pneumothorax | show 🗑
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| show | inability of hemoglobin to bind with oxygen due to the binding of carbon monoxide
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| What is the assessment of CO poisoning | show 🗑
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| What is status asthmaticus | show 🗑
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| How do you assess status asthmaticus | show 🗑
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| show | 100% o2 therapy via non rebreather, subcutaneous epinephrine x 3, mechanical ventilation(sedate, paralyze, control), bronchodilator therapy and steroids
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| show | Head trauma, chest trauma, neck trauma, vurn victums, near drowning
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| show | start airway breathing and circulation, administer 100% o2, drugs and fluids based upon bedside and lab assessment, remainder based on patient assessment
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