BIO 202 A&P II
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
Help!
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| show | 47% +/- 5% males
42% +/- 5% females
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| show | 55%
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| show | 1. distribution
2. regulation
3. protection
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| show | shock
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| protection again... | show 🗑
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| show | proteins produced by the liver carried in the plasma
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| show | osmosis
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| nitrogenous by products of metabolism, nutrients, electrolytes, resp. gases, hormones | show 🗑
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| biconcave discs, anucleate, essentially no organelles, filled with hemoglobin for gas tx | show 🗑
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| blood viscosity increased, blood flows slow | show 🗑
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| blood thins, and flows rapidly | show 🗑
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| binds reversibly to oxygen | show 🗑
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| 2 alpha and 2 beta chains | show 🗑
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| blood cell formation, from the red bone marrow of the axial skeleton, girdles and proximal epiphyses of humerus and femur | show 🗑
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| show | hemocytoblasts (hematopoietic stem cells)
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| red blood cell production | show 🗑
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| show | 1. ribosome synthesis (protein factory)
2.hemoglobin accumulation
3. ejection of the nucleus and formation of reticulocytes
then become mature erythrocytes
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| balance between RBC production and destruction depends on... | show 🗑
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| show | erythropoietin (EPO)
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| causes of hypoxia | show 🗑
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| enhances EPO production resulting in higher RBC counts in males | show 🗑
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| dietary requirements for erytheopoiesis | show 🗑
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| macrophages engulf dying RBCs and send them... | show 🗑
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| destruction of erythrocytes | show 🗑
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| show | anemia
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| acute or chronic loss of blood | show 🗑
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| RBCs rupture prematurely (hemoglobin abn, tx mismatched blood, severe infections) | show 🗑
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| show | aplastic anemia
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| inadequate intake of iron-containing foods and impaired iron absorption | show 🗑
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| deficiency of vitamin B12 | show 🗑
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| show | sickle-cell anemia
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| excess of RBCs that increase blood viscosity | show 🗑
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| show | 1.polycythemia vera-bone marrow cancer
2. when less O2 is available (high altitude) or when EPO production increases
3. blood doping
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| site of infection or injury-tissues are involved give off chemical signals alert the cells where to go | show 🗑
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| show | diapedesis
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| NEVER LET MONKEYS EAT BANANAS | show 🗑
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| show | granulocytes (-phil family)
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| show | Neutrophils D:14 days LS:6hrs-days
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| show | eosinophils D:14 days LS:5days
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| rarest WBC, large purplish-black geanules that contain histamine and others for inflammation | show 🗑
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| show | chemo-attractant
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| large, dark purple, circular nuclei, thin rim of blue cytoplasm, mostly in lymphoid tissue, crucial to immunity | show 🗑
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| show | T cells
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| give rise to plasma cells, which produce antibodies (factory) | show 🗑
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| show | Monocytes D:2-3 days LS:months
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| show | macrophages
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| show | platelets
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| show | chemical signals, enzymes, growth factors.
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| 2 cell lines of hemocytoblasts | show 🗑
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| show | lymphocytes
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| myeloid hemocytoblasts produce... | show 🗑
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| basic cell design, isn't committed to any cell yet. | show 🗑
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| fast series of reactions to stop bleeding | show 🗑
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| show | hemostasis
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| forming a plug that temporarily seals the break in vessel | show 🗑
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| show | serotonin and thromboxane
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| show | 1. prothrombin activator is formed (intrinsic and extrinsic pathways)
2. prothrombin converted into thrombin (enzyme)
3. thrombin catalyzes the joining of fibrinogen to form fibrin mesh
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| show | platelets cling, PF is release by aggregated platelets, X (protein factor), to prothrombin activator
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| steps of extrinsic pathway of coagulation (phase 1) | show 🗑
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| phase 2 of coagulation | show 🗑
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| show | fibrinogen (soluble)> fibrin (insoluble polymer) > cross-linked fibrin mesh
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| show | clot retraction
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| steps of clot retraction (think stitches) | show 🗑
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| show | fibrinolyis
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| fibrin-digesting enzyme (clot buster) | show 🗑
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| effectively acts as an anticoagulant, preventing the clot from enlarging and thrombin from acting elsewhere | show 🗑
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| show | 1. smooth endothelial lining of blood vessels
2. antithrombic substances nitric oxide and prostacyclin secreted by endothelial cells
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| show | O
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| show | AB
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| mismatches.. | show 🗑
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| show | antibodies attack and rupture the donors RBCs by clumping in small vessels hinders blood flow to tissues
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| ways to replace volume | show 🗑
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| volume replacement restores adequate circulation but cannot replace O2-carrying capacity | show 🗑
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