Phleb Study Guide
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| Phlebotomist job opportunities can be in | show 🗑
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| show | Deliver O2, nutrients, hormones & enzymes to cells; transport cellular waste (CO2), Urea to lungs, kidney to be expelled from body.
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| More circulatory function | show 🗑
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| show | Two - Right and Left
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| What are the two heart circulations | show 🗑
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| Function of Pulmonary circulation | show 🗑
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| show | The Alveoli
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| Function of the Systemic circulation | show 🗑
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| What are the chambers of the heart? | show 🗑
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| What the valves of the right heart? | show 🗑
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| What kind is the Tricuspid valve | show 🗑
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| What kind is the Pulmonic valve | show 🗑
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| show | Between the right atrium and right ventricle
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| What is the location of the Pulmonic | show 🗑
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| What are the valves of the left heart? | show 🗑
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| What kind of a valve is the Mitral? | show 🗑
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| What kind of valve is the Aortic? | show 🗑
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| show | Between the left atrium and left ventricle
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| show | Between the left ventricle and the Aorta
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| show | Three
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| What are the three layers of the heart? | show 🗑
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| show | Endothelial inner layer lining of the heart
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| Myocardium? | show 🗑
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| show | Fibrous outer layer. Coronary arteries which supply blood to the heart are located here.
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| Name the blood vessels | show 🗑
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| Except the capillaries, blood vessels are composed of three layers | show 🗑
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| show | Aorta, arteries, and arterioles
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| show | Venules, veins and the Superior & Inferior vena cavae
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| show | Endothelial cells
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| show | Capillaries
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| Capillary blood is a mixture of? | show 🗑
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| show | 5-6 liters
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| What is the liquid portion of blood? | show 🗑
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| show | Formed elements
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| show | Blood, proteins, amino acids, gases, electrolytes, sugars, hormones, minerals vitamin and 92% water and urea
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| show | Erythrocytes, leukocytes, and thrombocytes
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| show | Stem cells in the bone marrow
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| Erythrocytes contain? | show 🗑
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| What is a reticulocyte? | show 🗑
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| show | 4.2 - 6.2 million
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| show | 120 days
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| What are leukocytes? | show 🗑
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| What is the function of leukocytes? | show 🗑
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| What is normal WBC per microliter? | show 🗑
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| What is leukocytosis? | show 🗑
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| show | Decrease of WBCs in cases of viral infection of chemo
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| show | Five
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| What are the types of WBCs? | show 🗑
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| show | They are phagocytes that eat bacteria. First to arrive at infection site. They Fights infection. Increase in a bacterial infection. Most numerous.
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| Lymphocytes | show 🗑
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| Monocytes | show 🗑
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| Eosinophils | show 🗑
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| show | Carry histamine which is released in allergic reactions
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| What are thrombocytes? | show 🗑
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| What is the life span of thrombocytes? | show 🗑
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| show | Process by which blood vessels are repaired after an injury.
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| Hemostasis has how many stages? | show 🗑
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| show | Vascular, Platelet, Coagulation & Fibrinolysis
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| show | Injury to a blood vessel causes it to constrict slowing the flow of blood
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| show | Forms a temporary platelet plug to an injury
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| show | Process where additional platelets stick to injured site forming a plug
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| show | Vascular and Platelet phases
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| Coagulation phase? | show 🗑
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| show | a sequence of reactions leading to fibrin formation, beginning with the contact activation of factor XII, and resulting in the activation of factor X to initiate coagulation
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| show | the mechanism that produces fibrin following tissue injury, beginning with formation of an activated complex between tissue factor and factor VII and leading to activation of factor X, inducing the reactions of coagulation.
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| show | Test used to evaluate the intrinsic pathway. Monitors heparin therapy
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| show | Test used to evaluate the extrinsic pathway. Monitors coumadin therapy
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| show | Breakdown and removal of a clot
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| Fibrin degradation products (FDPs) | show 🗑
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| What is the preferred venipuncture site? | show 🗑
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| show | Median cubital vein, Cephalic vein, & Basilic ven
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| Median cubital vein | show 🗑
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| show | Second vein choice. Usually difficult to locate and has tendency to move. Often best used for obese patient
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| show | Third choice. Least firmly anchored. Located near brachial artery. Usually painful.
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| show | Sclerosed, Thrombotic & Tortuous veins
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| show | Commonly used to clean site.
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| Winged infusion (butterfly) sets are used: | show 🗑
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| Sterile syringes and needles | show 🗑
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| Most common size of a butterfly needle | show 🗑
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| Needle sizes differ in: | show 🗑
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| What is a gauge? | show 🗑
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| show | The bigger the diameter of the needle - e.g., 23gauge (small needle)
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| show | The smaller the diameter of needle - e.g., 16 gauge (large needle)
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| show | They can cause hemolysis
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| show | Breakdown or destruction of RBCs
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| Hematoma | show 🗑
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| show | Increase in propostion of formed elements to plasma due to tourniquet left for too long (more that 1min
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| Phlebitis | show 🗑
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| Petechiae | show 🗑
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| Thrombus | show 🗑
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| show | Inflammation of a vein with clot formation
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| Septicemia | show 🗑
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| Trauma | show 🗑
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| show | Fasting, Edema & Fistulas
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| Fasting | show 🗑
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| show | Accumulation of fluid in the tissues
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| Fistula | show 🗑
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| show | Patient misidentification, Improper time of collection, Wrong tube, Inadequate fast, Exercise, Patient posture, Poor coordination with other treatments, improper site preparation, medication inteference
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| show | Extended tourniquet time, Hemolysis, Wrong order of draw, Failure to invert tubes, Faulty technique, under filling tubes
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| Analytical errors after collection | show 🗑
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| Fasting speciments | show 🗑
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| show | Used to monitor level of specific substances or condition in patient - e.g. cortisol hormone, digoxin and hemoglobin levels
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| Two-hour Postprandial Test | show 🗑
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| show | Used to diagnose diabetes and evaluate pts with frequest low blood sugar.
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| 3-hour OGTT | show 🗑
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| show | Used to evaluate hypoglycemia
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| Therapeutic Drug Monitoring | show 🗑
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| Trough (Lowest blood level) | show 🗑
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| show | Collection depend on medication, patient's metabolism and routine of administration
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| Blood Cultures (BC) | show 🗑
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| show | Ordered for infants to detect phenylketonuria.
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| Cold Agglutinins | show 🗑
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| Chilled specimens | show 🗑
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| Chilled specimens examples | show 🗑
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| Light-sensitive specimens | show 🗑
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| show | Microcapillary collection
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| Lancets are used for | show 🗑
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| show | Medial and lateral areas of the plantar surface of foot. Medially from middle of great toe to heal and laterally from middle of fourth and fifth toes to heel
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| Older children and adult dermal puncture sites | show 🗑
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| Order of draw for capillary speciments | show 🗑
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| Order of draw for all other specimens | show 🗑
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| Lavender (purple) top tube | show 🗑
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| show | Binds to calcium. Tubes must be filled at least 2/3 full and inverted eight times
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| show | Includes RBC, WBC and Platelet counts; WBC differential, hemoglobin and hematocrit, ESR (Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate, Sickle cell Screening
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| Light-Blue top tube | show 🗑
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| Common Tests: Coagulation Studies | show 🗑
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| APTT | show 🗑
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| PT | show 🗑
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| show | Contain anticoagulant Heparin combined with sodium, lithium or ammonium ion.
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| Heparin | show 🗑
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| Common Tests: Chemistry tests | show 🗑
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| Gray top tube | show 🗑
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| show | Fasting blood sugar (FBS); Glucose tolerance Test (GTT); Blood alcohol levels; Lactic acid measurement
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| Red/Gray (speckled) top tube | show 🗑
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| Red/Gray Common tests | show 🗑
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| show | Also known as plain vacuum tube and contains no additive or anticoagulant. Collected blood clots by normal coagulation process in 30min.
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| Red top Common tests | show 🗑
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| show | Contains anticoagulant sodium polyanetholesulfonate (SPS). Used to test microorganisms. Tubes should be inverted eight times
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Created by:
Moshort
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