Protein Synthesis
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| What does DNA stand for? | deoxyribonucleic acid
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| What do we call the process for 'writing' the DNA code to mRNA? | Transcription
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| What are the 3 parts to the RNA nucleotide? | ribose sugar, phosphates, & C-G-A-uracil
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| What are the 3 parts of DNA Nucleotide? | deoxyribose sugar, phosphates, & C-G-A-thymine
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| DNA is double-stranded while RNA is what? | single-stranded
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| Every 3 nitrogen bases on DNA and mRNA are known as a what? | codon
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| All amino acids are coded by 1 or more what? | codons
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| The code on DNA is universal meaning that the amino acids and their codons are the same for what? | all living organisms
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| What would the codon AGC be when transcribed to mRNA? | UCG
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| What is the job of mRNA? | to carry the DNA code to the ribosome.
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| Where does transcription occur? | in the nucleus
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| What is the job of rRNA? | to read the mRNA codons at the ribosome one codon at a time
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| What is the job of the tRNA? | to match its anticodon with the proper codon on the mRNA at the ribosome & bring in the correct amino acid
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| What is the process called where the mRNA code is used to make a chain of amino acids at the ribosome? | Translation
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| Where does Translation happen? | at the ribosome
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| How is the correct amino acid brought to the correct codon on the mRNA at the ribosome? | the tRNA with the correct anticodon will bring the correct amino acid
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| The string of amino acids built by tRNA are held together by what? | peptide bonds
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| The string of amino acids built by translation eventually become what? | a protein
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| What is a mutation? | a change in the DNA nitrogen base sequence
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| Where is the code for proteins in the DNA molecule? | in the order of nitrogen bases
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| What is a mutagen? | a mutation causing agent
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| What kind of mutation results from the change in one nitrogen base in the DNA sequence? | point mutation
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| What kind of mutation results from the loss or gain of one nitrogen base in the DNA sequence? | frameshift mutation
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