Integumentary/musculoskeletal
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| aloplecia | show 🗑
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| angioma | show 🗑
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| crust | show 🗑
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| furuncle | show 🗑
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| carbuncle | show 🗑
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| dermatitis | show 🗑
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| show | 1.commonly associated with allergies 2.seen in infants 3.papular and vesicular lesions that rupture
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| show | tough, irregularly shaped scar that becomes enlarged
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| show | discolored spot, not raised above surface
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| papule | show 🗑
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| show | elevated, firm, circumscribed lesion extending deeper into the dermis
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| show | elevated circumscribed skin lesion, not into the dermis, filled with serous fluid
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| pustule | show 🗑
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| show | athlete's foot
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| show | elevated, irregularly shaped area of edema
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| show | epidermis
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| 1. "true skin" 2. contains blood vessels, nerves, glands, hair follicles 3. cells composed of connective tissue and elastic fibers, bathed in interstitial fluid 4.papillae | show 🗑
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| 1. "fatty layer" 2. adipose tissue and loose connective tissue 3. stores water and fat, insulates, protects organs, pathway for nerves and blood vessels | show 🗑
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| show | sweat glands
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| ceruminous glands | show 🗑
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| sebaceous glands | show 🗑
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| bleb | show 🗑
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| atheroma | show 🗑
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| show | herpes simplex virus
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| 1. area reddened and edematous 2. vesicles ulcerate and crust over 3. general malaise 4. no cure | show 🗑
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| show | herpes simplex type 2
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| 1. caused by varicella virus 2. lesions along the nerve fibers of spinal ganglia 3. pain, itching, and heightened sensitivity along nerve pathway 4. vesicle formation, crusting of skin 5. severe pain | show 🗑
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| show | Impetigo
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| show | 1. erythromycin 2. cephalosporin 3. rocephin 4. bactroban
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| what causes furuncle? | show 🗑
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| tinea capitis | show 🗑
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| tinea corporis | show 🗑
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| tinea cruris | show 🗑
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| show | 1. Fulvicin 2. Grifulvin
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| what is used to diagnose tinea capitis? | show 🗑
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| Contact dermatitis | show 🗑
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| dermatitis venenata | show 🗑
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| show | urticaria
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| show | 1. develops when oil glands become occluded 2. inflammatory skin eruption from sebaceous glands
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| 1. noninfectious 2. sloughing and new generation of skin cells occurs more rapidly than 28 days 3. chronic, hereditary | show 🗑
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| show | keratolytic agents (tar preparations), salicylic acid (Calicylic)
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| show | photochemotherapy used in treatment of psoriasis
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| pediculosis | show 🗑
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| show | 1. Lindane (Kwell) 2. pyrethrins (RID)
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| 1. parasitic skin disorder 2. female itch mite penetrating skin, laying eggs 3. eggs mature and rise to skin surface 4. wavy, brown threadlike lines on body, sever pruritis | show 🗑
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| treatment specific to scabies | show 🗑
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| 1. NSAIDS 2. Corticosteroids 3. disease-modifying anti-rheumatics (DMARDS) | show 🗑
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| show | NSAIDS
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| 1. betamethasone 2. dexamethasone 3. methylprednisolone 4. prednisone | show 🗑
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| 1. Enbrel 2. Arava 3. Remicade 4. Folex | show 🗑
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| DMARDS side effects | show 🗑
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| show | immunosuppression
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| show | fixation of a joint, usually in an abnormal postition resulting from destruction of cartilage or bone
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| show | puncture of a joint with a needle to withdraw fluid used for diagnostic purposes
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| show | prosthetic implant used to replace the femoral head and neck in hip fractures when the vascular supply to the femoral head is or may become compromised
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| show | test of the rate of capillary refill
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| show | bony deposits formed between and around the broken ends of a fractured bones during healing
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| show | a fracture of the distal portion of the radius within 1 inch of the wrist
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| show | sounds that represent the cracking noise heard when rubbing hair between fingers, assoiciated with broken bones
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| show | a musculosskeletal chronic pain syndrome of unknown etiology that causes pain in muscles, bones, or joints
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| kyphosis | show 🗑
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| show | an increase in the curve at the lumbar space region that throws the shoulders back
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| show | any subjective sensation, such as prickling "pins and needles" or feeling of numbness
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| scoliosis | show 🗑
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| sequestrum | show 🗑
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| subluxation | show 🗑
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| show | a permanent contracture with clawhand
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| Functions of Musculoskeletal system (5) | show 🗑
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| found in extremitites | show 🗑
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| show | short bones
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| found in the vertebrae | show 🗑
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| functions of joints (2) | show 🗑
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| no movement joints | show 🗑
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| slight movement joints | show 🗑
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| show | diarthrosis
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| epimysium | show 🗑
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| show | 1. pulselessness 2. paresthesia 3. paralysis 4. polar temperature 5. pallor 6. puffiness (edema) 7. pain
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| normal calcium levels | show 🗑
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| erythrocyte sedimentation rate | show 🗑
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| show | 1. motion 2. maintenance of posture 3. production of heart
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| show | 1. (males) 2.1-8.5 mg/dl 2. (females) 2.0-6.6 mg/dl
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| common types of arthritis (4) | show 🗑
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| show | rheumatoid arthritis
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| show | 1. morning stiffness 2. joint pain 3. muscle weakness and atrophy 4. fatigue
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| show | 1. swan neck deformity 2. boutonniere deformity 3. ulnar deviation
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| show | bony erosions
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| show | lubricants to provide joint tissue viscosity
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| Degenerative joint disease | show 🗑
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| s/s of degenerative joint disease | show 🗑
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| show | Gout
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| show | linked to hereditary factors, severe dieting or starvations, excessive ingestion of purines
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| show | resulting from use of certain medications or complications of another disease
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| show | 1. sudden onset of pain and tenderness in one joint 2. swelling and redness of joint 3. fever 4. joint deformities
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| medical management of gout: | show 🗑
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| show | 1. aka Marie- Strumpell Disease 2. chronic connective tissue disorder of the spine and surrounding cartilaginous joints 3. ususally begins in early childhood 4. more common in men than women
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| Legg-Calve-perthes disease | show 🗑
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| show | 1. immobility and fixation of the joints in the hip and ascends the vertebrae 2. respiratory functions may be compromised 3. inflammation of aorta 4. iridocylitis 5. pulmonary fibrosis
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| s/s of ankylosing spondylitis | show 🗑
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| show | osteoporosis
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| show | 1. use of steroids 2. high caffeine intake 3. diet low in cacium 4. smoking 5. excessive protein
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| clinical manifestations of osteoporosis | show 🗑
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| show | 1. local or generalized infection of the bone and bone marrow 2. infection introduced through trauma or surgery
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| fibromyalgia | show 🗑
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| clinical manifestations of fibromyalgia | show 🗑
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| show | 1. irritable bowel syndrome 2. tension headaches 3. paresthesia of upper extremities 4. sensation of edematous hands with no visible edema 5. sleep dysfunction
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| why are tricyclic antidepressants used in fibromyalgia? | show 🗑
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| corticosteroid side effects | show 🗑
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| show | 1. assess potassium, blood glucose, urine glucose 2. monitor daily weight 3. monitor I
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| DMARDS important nursing implication: | show 🗑
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| bone resorption inhibitors | show 🗑
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| show | 1. type of bone resorption inhibitor 2. inhibit hydroxyapatite crystal dissolution and osteoclast activity 3. alendronate (Fosamax), ibandronate (Boniva), risedronate (Actonel)
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| show | 1. type of bone resorption inhibitor 2. binds to estrogen receptor, producing estrogen-like effects on bone
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| show | hypocalcemia
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| show | 1. acid regurgitation 2. esophageal ulcer 3. musculoskeletal pain
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| show | calcium supplements
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| when should alendronate be administered? | show 🗑
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| 1. cortisone 2. hydrocortisone | show 🗑
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| show | systemic intermediate-acting corticosteroids
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| 1. betamethasone 2. dexamethasone | show 🗑
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| show | 1. spasticity associates with spinal cord diseases or leasions 2. adjunctive therapy in the sumptomatic relief of acute painful musculoskeletal conditions
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| central-acting spinal muscle relaxants | show 🗑
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| show | 1. acts directly on skeletal muscle, causing relaxation by decreasing calcium release 2. i.e. dantolene
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| show | 1. seizures 2. drowsiness 3. hypotension 4. nausea
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| avoid ____ and _____ _________ while taking skeletal muscle relaxants | show 🗑
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| show | calculi containing sodium urate deposits that develop in periarticular fibrous tissue, resulting in inflammation of the joint
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| show | 1. antigout agent 2. prevention of attack of gouty arthritis and nephropathy 3. treatment of secondary hyperuricemia 4. inhibits production of uric acid
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| show | 1. antigout agent 2. acute attacks of gouty arthritis 3. prevention of gout reocurrences 4. interferes with the functions of WBCs in initiating and perpetuating the inflammatory response to monosodium urate crystals
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| show | 1. drowsiness 2. rash 3. bone marrow depression
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| cochicine side effects | show 🗑
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| colchicine may cause malabsorption of | show 🗑
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| taking oral hypoglycemics or warfarin with allopurinol will ______ the effects | show 🗑
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| minimum fluid intake for a patient on allopurinol | show 🗑
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| show | 1. weakness 2. abd pain 3. nausea 4. vomiting 5. diarrhea
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| show | CBC, AST, and alkaline phosphatase
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| show | allopurinol
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| to coincide with the body's normal secretion of cortisol, administer __________ in the morning | show 🗑
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| show | 2-6 weeks
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| colchicine will show improvement in pain and swelling within | show 🗑
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| show | bone breaks through the skin
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| show | a fracture that does not break the skin
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| show | the bone ends are separated at the fracture line
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| incomplete | show 🗑
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| show | one side of a bone is broken and the other side is bent
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| show | the fracture line extends entirely through the bone
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| comminuted | show 🗑
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| impacted (telescope fracture) | show 🗑
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| show | break runs directly across the bone, a right angle
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| oblique | show 🗑
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| show | breaks coils around the bone
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| show | fractures of the distal portion of the radius within 1 inch of the joint of the wrist, commonly occurs from the attempt to break a fall
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| Pott's fracture | show 🗑
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| false motion | show 🗑
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| closed reduction | show 🗑
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| show | 1. severe infection of the skeletal muscle caused by gram positive Clostridium bacteria- C. perfringens 2. occurs in the presence of compound fractures/lacerated wound 3.s/s- crepitation, gas bubbles, foul odor
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| show | thromboembolus
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| thermal burns | show 🗑
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| nonthermal burns | show 🗑
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| show | 1. epidermis is damaged, dermis unharmed, heals in less than 5 days 2. i.e. sunburn
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| show | 1. affects both epidermis and dermis 2. up to three weeks to heal, may scar 3. scalds, chemicals
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| full thickness (3rd degree) | show 🗑
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| inhalation burns | show 🗑
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| show | 1. heat inhalation 2. inhalation of toxic chemicals or smoke 3. inhalation of carbon monoxide gas
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| effects of inhalation burns on the body | show 🗑
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| show | 1. cherry-red coloring to unburned skin 2. changes in color of mucous membrane 3. neurological damage
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| s/s of inhalation burns | show 🗑
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| show | modified brooke formula for fluid replacement
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| dosing for fluid replacement | show 🗑
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| show | 1. initital 24-48 hours 2. capillaries dilate and become hyperpremeable causing a shift of intravascular fluid into interstitial space
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| show | 1. hypostension 2. decreased urine output 3. increased pulse 4. rapid and shallow respirations 5. most burn deaths
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| show | 1. aka diuretic phase 2. 48-72 hours after burn 3. potential for circulatory overload as a result of fluid shift from interstitial into the capillaries 4. kidneys excrete large volumes
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| long term rehabillitation phase (stage 3) | show 🗑
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| show | uses the patients own skin
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| allograft or homograft | show 🗑
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| show | 1.obtained from animals, usually pigs 2. temporary
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| show | 1. TransCyte 2. Biobrane
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| purpose of skin graft | show 🗑
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| Silver sulfadiazine (Silvadine) | show 🗑
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| mafenide acetate (Sulfamylon) | show 🗑
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| show | 1. causes loss of sodium, potassium, chloride and calcium 2. best if applied immediately 3. does NOT eschar 4. ineffective if infection already established
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| spider angiomas | show 🗑
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| show | 1. viral lesion 2. contagious
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| plantar's wart | show 🗑
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| show | 1. a congentital, non-vascular skin blemish 2. usually benign but may become cancerous 3. raised, and black is considered pre-cancerous and removal is recommended
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| basal cell carcinoma | show 🗑
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| show | 1. occurs in the epidermis layer on areas exposed to sun 2. firm, nodular lesion topped with a crust or ulceration
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| malignant melanoma | show 🗑
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| ABCD's of melanoma | show 🗑
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| phantom pain | show 🗑
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| show | hourly
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| show | flexor muscles
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| tx for sevre and persistent phantom pain | show 🗑
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