68WM6 Phase 2 test 16 Musculoskeletal/Integumentary
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| show | loss of hair
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| show | Benign tumors made up of small blood vessels or lymph vessels; a birthmark.
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| tx for angioma | show 🗑
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| crust | show 🗑
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| show | boil, inflammation deep in hair follicle
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| show | a cluster of furuncles
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| show | Dermatitis
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| Eczema | show 🗑
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| Redness or inflammation of the skin or mucous membranes | show 🗑
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| Keloid | show 🗑
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| flat, distinct, colored area of skin that is less than 1 centimeter in diameter and does not include a change in skin texture or thickness | show 🗑
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| show | Premature cell death caused by external factors
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| An elevated, firm, circumscribed area | show 🗑
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| Elevated, firm, circumscribed lesion extending deeper into the dermis than a papule | show 🗑
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| the symptom of itching | show 🗑
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| Elevated, circumscribed skin legion, not into the dermis. Filled with serous fluid | show 🗑
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| Elevated, superficial legion, filled with purulent fluid | show 🗑
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| athlete's foot | show 🗑
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| elevated, solid legion - extends into subcutaneous layer | show 🗑
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| show | wheal
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| functions of the skin | show 🗑
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| show | epidermis, dermis, subcutaneous
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| show | Stratum corneum Pigment Layer Stratum germinativum
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| "true skin", contains blood vessels, nerves, glands, hair follicles | show 🗑
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| "fatty layer" of skin, composed of adipose tissue, and loose connective tissue, provides shape for the body, | show 🗑
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| show | store water and fat, insulation, protection of body organs, provides pathway for nerves and blood vessels
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| show | sweat glands
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| show | Secrete a wax like substance called cerumen. Located in the external ear canal
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| show | Secrete sebum through the hair follicles Function is to lubricate the skin and hair Sebum also inhibits bacterial growth
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| nails are composed of packed _____ | show 🗑
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| show | Includes decreased tissue fluid, subcutaneous fat, and sebaceous secretions Skin of older persons more fragile and susceptible to impairment Hyperkeratotic changes seen in nails
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| show | Localized clusters of melanocytes surrounded by areas of decreased pigmentation Incidence of basal and squamous cell carcinoma
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| when getting your hx of a skin d/o what do you ask? | show 🗑
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| show | Diabetes Cancer Kidney failure Thyroid Disease Liver disease Anemia
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| show | an accumulation and swelling in artery walls that is made up of (mostly) macrophage cells, or debris, that contain lipids
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| show | large flaccid vesicle, usually at least 1 cm
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| show | a fluid-filled sac. They can form anywhere in the body
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| Excoriation | show 🗑
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| show | narrow opening or crack of considerable length and depth usually occurring from some breaking or parting
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| show | increased cell production in a normal tissue or organ
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| Petechiae | show 🗑
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| show | palpation for warmth and indurations rather than observation
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| patients with dark skin are more predisposed to what skin conditions | show 🗑
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| how are most skin d/o diagnosed? | show 🗑
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| Therapeutic Baths are used to | show 🗑
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| show | Promotes shedding of the epidermis Treats chronic skin conditions Pruritus may occur after therapy Observe for signs and symptoms of phototoxicity
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| show | Herpes virus hominis
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| show | characterized by vesicles at the corner of the mouth, lips, or in the nose caused by common cold sores
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| Type 2 HSV | show 🗑
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| _____ is an antiviral agent used to alter the course of the disease | show 🗑
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| _____ (____) and topical anesthetics may be prescribed for pain | show 🗑
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| show | keep lesions dry, avoid contact, wear gloves, warm compresses to relieve pain and severe pruritus
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| show | stress fever trauma fatigue
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| show | Caused by the varicella virus that causes chicken pox (Herpes varicellae)
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| shingles is characterized by: | show 🗑
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| show | First symptoms are pain, itching, and heightened sensitivity along the nerve pathway
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| Describe the manifestations of Shingles | show 🗑
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| show | Acyclovir, Lotions (Kenalog/Lidex), wet dressing soaked in Burrow's solution, tranquilizers (Ativan / Atarax), medical baths, analgesics,
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| r/t Shingles, eat more Vit ___ to promote healing | show 🗑
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| show | Impetigo: (Bacterial)
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| Impetigo: (Bacterial) is caused by | show 🗑
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| show | highly contagious; May spread by touching personal articles, linens and clothing of the infected person
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| show | Impetigo
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| show | Erythromycin, Dicloxacillin, Cephalosporin, Rocephin; Topical antibiotics (Bactroban) started early in the treatment
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| Clean the area with antiseptics such as ____ and ____ , then remove dry exudates using special instruments | show 🗑
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| nursing interventions r/t Impetigo: inspect lesions every ____ for drainage, size and extent of body covered. Keep clean and dry | show 🗑
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| show | Furuncle (Boil)
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| Clinical Manifestation of Furuncle (Boil) | show 🗑
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| show | systemic antibiotics
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| ringworm of the scalp, Erythematous, round lesions with pustules around the edges Causes alopecia at the site | show 🗑
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| show | Tinea corporis
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| that migrate out from the groin area Pruritus Excoriation due to scratching | show 🗑
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| Most common of all fungal infections Fissures and vesicles found around and below the toes | show 🗑
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| show | Wood's light
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| what medications could you expect to use for tinea capitis? | show 🗑
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| nursing interventions r/t tinea infections | show 🗑
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| how long could a tinea infection last? | show 🗑
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| Skin reaction from direct contact with agents in the environment to which a person is hypersensitive | show 🗑
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| Common causes are detergents, industrial chemicals and plants | show 🗑
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| show | Epidermis becomes inflamed and papules form Vesicles appear most often on the dorsal surfaces There is burning, pain, pruritus and edema
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| r/t contact dermatitis, what would you expect of the lab values? | show 🗑
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| show | Corticosteroids and Benadryl to treat the inflammation, edema and pruritus
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| show | Wet dressings using Burow's solution Use aseptic technique when applying medication to the open lesion Cold compresses to the skin will cause vasoconstriction Clothing should be lightweight and loose
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| show | Dermatitis Venenata
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| commonly called hives | show 🗑
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| show | Acne Vulgaris
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| noninfectious disease where skin sloughing and generation of new skin cells occurs more rapidly than the normal 28 days | show 🗑
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| show | Psoriasis
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| what kind of medications can be used to tx Psoriasis? | show 🗑
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| PUVU Therapy | show 🗑
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| Vitamin __ may reduce epidermal proliferation | show 🗑
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| Since the disease is chronic, consider the patient's emotional needs and encourage the patient to focus on their __ __. | show 🗑
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| Nursing diagnosis goals in general.... | show 🗑
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| show | Lice
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| a parasitic d/o of the skin usually associated with poor living conditions and poor hygiene | show 🗑
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| what meds would you expect for lice? | show 🗑
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| show | 2 weeks
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| show | 130 degrees
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| show | 48
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| show | freezing temps for several days
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| show | scabies
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| wavy, brown, threadlike line on the body with severe pruritus and often secondary infection due to excoriation caused by scratching | show 🗑
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| scabies is normally found ?? | show 🗑
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| medical management for scabies | show 🗑
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| show | often the social stigma and emotional trauma the pt must endure
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| show | fixation of a joint, usually in an abnormal position resulting from destruction of cartilage or bone
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| show | puncture of a joint with a needle to withdraw fluid used for diagnostic purposes
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| Bipolar hip replacement | show 🗑
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| show | Blanching test
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| show | callus
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| show | Colles' fracture
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| sounds that represent the cracking noise heard when rubbing hair between fingers. It is associated with broken bones | show 🗑
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| show | Fibromyalgia
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| an abnormal condition of the vertebral column, characterized by increased convexity in the curvature of the thoracic spine | show 🗑
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| an increase in the curve at the lumbar space region that throws the shoulders back | show 🗑
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| show | Open reduction with external fixation
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| show | Paresthesia
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| curvature of the spine usually consisting of two curves; the original abnormal curve and a compensatory curve in the opposite direction | show 🗑
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| a fragment of necrotic that is partially or entirely detached from the adjacent healthy bone | show 🗑
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| partial dislocation | show 🗑
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| show | Volkmann's contracture
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| show | atrophy
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| show | the ligament over-stretching
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| strain | show 🗑
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| show | support, protect, movement, Mineral Storage, Hematopoiesis
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| Hematopoiesis | show 🗑
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| There are three types of joints | show 🗑
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| Muscles are necessary for movement and perform three vital functions | show 🗑
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| each muscle fiber is surrounded by a connective tissue called | show 🗑
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| Remember the 7Ps of a neurovascular assessment | show 🗑
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| It is important to assess your patient's r/t a neurovascular assessment | show 🗑
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| is used to determine presence of fluid, joint irregularity, or fractures | show 🗑
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| involves the injection of a radiopaque dye into the subarachnoid space at the lumbar spine to detect the presence of herniated disks | show 🗑
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| show | MRI
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| show | CT
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| show | Bone scan
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| show | a lighted tube is used to visualize inside a body cavity
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| show | Aspiration
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| show | Electromyogram
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| Normal values 9-10.5 mg/dl | show 🗑
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| show | Calcium related
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| show | Erythrocyte sedimentation Rate
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| Normal values - no LE seen | show 🗑
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| show | Rheumatoid factor
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| show | Uric acid
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| What are the three terms relating to the curvature of the spine? | show 🗑
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| show | Arthritis
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| show | Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) Osteoarthritis (degenerative joint disease) Gout (Gouty arthritis) Ankylosing spondylitis (AKS)
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| A systemic inflammatory disorder of connective tissue/joints Characterized by chronicity, remissions, and exacerbation | show 🗑
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| Strongly believed to be an autoimmune disorder (meaning own immune system is attacking tissue due to mixed-up information), attacks small joints early and involves large joints later | show 🗑
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| show | Morning stiffness Joint pain Muscle weakness and atrophy Fatigue Mobility limitations Spongy tissue on joint palpation Accumulation of fluid on joints
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| Rheumatoid synovitis advances, leading to pannus formation. What is "pannus"? | show 🗑
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| show | Fatigue Malaise Anorexia Weight loss Fever Vasculitis Neuropathy Pericarditis Splenomegaly Anemia
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| more Systemic Signs and Symptoms of RA | show 🗑
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| Swan neck deformity | show 🗑
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| Boutonniere deformity | show 🗑
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| show | narrowed joint spaces and body erosions
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| in an Arthrocentesis you would expect the fluid to look like what? | show 🗑
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| examination to visualize the extent of joint damage as well as to obtain a sample of synovial fluid | show 🗑
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| may be elevated, C-reactive protein test, CBC, CD4 complement component is decreased, ANA (anti-nuclear antibody) may be positive | show 🗑
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| medication tx for RA | show 🗑
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| show | Antimalarials (hydrochloroquine) Gold salts (auranofin, aurothioglucose) Penicillamine Sulfasalazine
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| show | methotrexate (Rheumatrex)
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| r/t RA, ___ and ___ are immunosuppressants used only in severe cases | show 🗑
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| Another new treatment is injection of viscosupplement ____, ____, and ____. They act as a lubricant, substituting for hyalonuric acid, the substance that provides joint tissue viscosity | show 🗑
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| Prosorba therapy | show 🗑
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| show | application of heat/cold packs
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| show | energy conservation and maintenance of joint alignment
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| show | osteoarthritis
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| Disorder that results in a reduction in bone mass which interferes with the mechanical support function of the bone | show 🗑
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| show | loss of estrogen
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| Studies suggest that Estrogen deficiency is connected with | show 🗑
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| show | Immobilization Use of steroids High intake of caffeine Genetics Individuals most at risk are small-framed, non-obese, menopausal, white females who smoke
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| Other Risk Factors r/t osteoporosis | show 🗑
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| Clinical Manifestations of Osteoporosis | show 🗑
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| show | spinal deformity and height loss
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| show | promoting the increase of bone density and retardation of bone loss
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| show | Vitamin D
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| show | bone resorption inhibitor; Absorbs calcium phosphate crystal in bone and treats symptoms of osteoporosis
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| show | Administer first thing in morning with 6 to 8 ounces of water, at least 30 minutes before other medications, beverages, or food
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| Risendronate (Actonel) | show 🗑
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| Inhibits calcium phosphate crystal in bone and inhibits bone resorption without inhibiting bone formation or mineralization | show 🗑
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| show | Patient must sit upright for 30 minutes to prevent esophageal irritation
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| show | Aimed at preventing further bone loss and fractures
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| dietary counseling r/t osteoporsis | show 🗑
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| food that is high in calcium include: | show 🗑
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| show | Thromboembolism Endometrial cancer Breast cancer
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| T/F: r/t osteoporosis, you should encourage ambulation and weight bearing exercises | show 🗑
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| Healthy lifestyle measures to reduce the risk of developing osteoporosis | show 🗑
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| Osteomyelitis | show 🗑
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| Most common causative agents are Staphylococci | show 🗑
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| show | temperature elevation, tachycardia, and tachypnea
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| show | IV, broad spectrum antibiotic, parenteral antibiotics for several weeks
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| r/t osteomyelitis, what would you use to irrigate the wound? | show 🗑
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| show | Need for diet high in calories, protein, and vitamins
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| Chronic pain syndrome of unknown etiology that causes pain in muscles, bones, or joints Associated with soft tissue tenderness at multiple sites | show 🗑
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| show | Fibromyalgia Syndrome (FMS)
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| Characterized by generalized achiness (usually neck/lower back) Stiffness that is worse in the morning Condition aggravated by several factors | show 🗑
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| what are some stressors for FMS? | show 🗑
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| show | IBS, tension headaces, Paresthesia of upper extremities, Paresthesia of upper extremities, Dysfunctional or nonrestorative sleep
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| what is the tx approach r/t Fibromyalgia Syndrome? | show 🗑
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| show | goals that empower the patient; education, exercise, and relaxation techniques
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| dietary considerations r/t FMS | show 🗑
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| what are some exercises you could recommend for a patient with FMS? | show 🗑
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| show | knee Arthroplasty
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| show | 4 hours
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| show | continuous passive flexion of the repaired knee for 22 hours a day, it bends your knee all day long...
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| show | dorsiplantar flexion of ankles, quad setting, straight leg raises, active flexion exercises 3-4 x p/day
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| what exercises would you recommend on the 1st day post op r/t knee arthroplasty? | show 🗑
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| show | o2 2-3 L/min via NC, C&DB q 2 hrs, IS q 2 hrs, antiembolic stockings or pneumatic pump stockings
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| show | maintain abduction position using abduction pillow
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| r/t hip arthroplasty, sitting in a chair should be limited to | show 🗑
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| DRUGS... | show 🗑
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| used to manage symptoms (pain, swelling) and in more severe cases to slow down joint destruction and preserve joint function | show 🗑
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| show | NSAIDs, aspirin, and other salicylates
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| show | Corticosteroids
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| sometimes called slow-acting agents, slow the progression of rheumatoid arthritis and delay joint destruction | show 🗑
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| show | DMARDs
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| show | Corticosteroids. DMARDs. NSAIDs. Miscellaneous
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| show | Corticosteroids
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| examples of this class include anakinra, etanercep, methotrexate, infliximab | show 🗑
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| show | NSAIDs
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| show | Miscellaneous
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| show | Corticosteroids
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| Absorption: well absorbed. Distribution: bound to plasma proteins. Metabolism: mostly by the liver. Excretion: in the urine | show 🗑
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| Patients who are allergic to ____ should not receive other NSAIDs | show 🗑
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| Should not be used in patients with active untreated infections. Females should not breast feed during treatment | show 🗑
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| show | diabetic patients
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| Stevens-Johnson syndrome is a side effect of | show 🗑
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| Assess K+, blood glucose, urine glucose (hypokalemia and hyperglycemia are common); notify prescriber if weekly gain > 5 lbs; drug masks symptoms of infection | show 🗑
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| show | DMARDs
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| Assess pain and range of motion. Document: Type. Location. Intensity; Monitor prolonged bleeding time | show 🗑
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| show | Miscellaneous
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| show | Misoprostol (Cytotec)
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| show | Assess K+, blood glucose, urine glucose (hypokalemia and hyperglycemia are common).
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| are primarily used to treat and prevent osteoporosis in postmenopausal women; Treatment of Paget’s disease of the bone; Management of hypercalcemia | show 🗑
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| inhibit resorption of bone by inhibiting hydroxyapatite crystal dissolution and osteoclast activity | show 🗑
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| show | Biphosphonates
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| show | Raloxifene
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| show | Selective Estrogen Receptor Modulators
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| ______ should not be used in patients with hypocalcemia | show 🗑
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| ___ should not be used in women with childbearing potential or a history of thromboembolic disease. | show 🗑
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| Bone Resorption Inhibitors side effects | show 🗑
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| show | bone pain, headache, decreased visual and auditory acuity, increased skull size
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| show | serum creatinine
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| show | aldendronate
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| show | on an empty stomach at least 2 hours before or after food, milk or milk products, antacids, other medications high in iron, or other mineral supplements.
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| show | Advise pt to stop taking evista at least 72 hours before and during prolonged immobilization. Instruct pt to avoid prolonged restrictions of movement during travel because of the risk of venous thrombosis.
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| A client has started drug therapy with etidronate (Didronel). The nurse determines that the client understands adverse drug effects when the client states that the drug can lead to which of the following? | show 🗑
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| Used in replacement doses (20 mg of hydrocortisone or equivalent) systemically to treat adrenocortical insufficiency | show 🗑
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| show | cortisone (Cortone Acetate). hydrocortisone (Cortef, Hydrocortone, Solu-Cortef).
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| Systemic (intermediate-acting) Corticosteroids | show 🗑
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| show | betamethasone (Celestone, Cel-U-Jec). dexamethasone (Decadrol, Decadron, Dexameth, Dexasone, Dexone, Premethasone, Solurex)
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| Corticosteroids Contraindications | show 🗑
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| show | Use lowest dose possible for shortest time possible. Alternate-day therapy is preferable during long-term treatment
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| show | moon face, depression, acne, thromboembolism, muscle wasting, HTN
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| Most common type of arthritis Referred to as "wear and tear" disease Typically affects the weight-bearing joints | show 🗑
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| show | DJD has no remission periods, and no systemic symptoms
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| show | Degenerative Joint Disease
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| show | fracture
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| show | pathological or spontaneous; result from: Osteoporosis Metastatic cancer Tumors of the bone
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| show | Displaced fracture
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| show | Incomplete fracture
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| show | Greenstick fracture
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| the fracture line extends entirely through the bone | show 🗑
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| the bone is splintered into many small fragments at the fracture site with the bone ends separated and usually misaligned | show 🗑
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| show | Impacted- (telescope fracture)
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| break runs directly across the bone, a right angle | show 🗑
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| break slants the length of the bone, at a 45 degrees angle | show 🗑
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| breaks coils around the bone | show 🗑
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| fractures of the distal portion of the radius within 1 inch of the joint of the wrist, commonly occurs from the attempt to break a fall | show 🗑
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| show | Pott's fracture
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| 7 P's of orthopedic assessment | show 🗑
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| tests to diagnose fracture | show 🗑
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| what are some examples of immediate management of fractures? | show 🗑
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| show | closed reduction - manual manipulation, traction, ORIF-open reduction with internal fixation,
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| show | surgical debridement, tetanus shot, culture wound, signs of osteomyelitis, tetanus, gangrene, close wound, reduce fracture, immobilize
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| r/t a mandible fracture, where does the nurse keep the wire cutters? | show 🗑
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| show | Patient’s mouth should be cleansed thoroughly after each meal and every two hours. Patient’s cheeks are retracted with a tongue blade and a flashlight is used to see into the mouth
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| s/s of a hip fracture | show 🗑
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| show | monitor VS q 4 hrs, jackson-pratt drain, hemovac q 4 hrs, drainage
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| show | avoid elevating extremity while sitting, HOB MAX is 45degrees, do NOT cross legs, abduction split for 7-10 days
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| diagnostic tests for vertabrae fracture | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | Pupillary reaction to light Hand grips Ability to move extremities Level of orientation Vital signs Reaction to painful stimuli
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||||
| signs of hemorrhage r/t vertabrae fx | show 🗑
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||||
| Pelvic Fractures Diagnosis tests | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | Bedrest X3 weeks, then walks with crutches X6 weeks, Bilateral pelvic fracture Pelvic sling Skeletal traction Spica cast/body cast
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|
||||
| show | Compartment Syndrome
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|
||||
| show | Compartment Syndrome
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|
||||
| show | Fasciotomy
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|
||||
| show | Relieve pressure and allow return to normal blood flow in the area Need to be done within 30 minutes The incision is left open to heal by granulation
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|
||||
| show | Monitor vital signs Typical= hypotension, tachycardia, tachypnea Hypothermia Pallor, cool, moist skin Oliguria
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|
||||
| nursing interventions r/t shock | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | Fat Embolism- Pulmonary Embolism
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|
||||
| show | IV fluids Steroid therapy Digoxin Oxygen Incentive spirometry
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|
||||
| Embolism Diagnosis | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | Gas Gangrene
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|
||||
| Gas Gangrene Medical Management | show 🗑
|
||||
| A condition in a which blood vessel is occluded by an embolus; Affected area become cold, numb and cyanotic | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | vomiting of blood
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|
||||
| show | Doppler ultrasonography or duplex scanning CT scan
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|
||||
| Nursing Interventions r/t thromboembolus | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | Electrical stimulation a new method of treatment in promoting healing Electrical probes stimulate bone production
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|
||||
| Provides support of comminuted open fractures, infected nonunions, and infected unstable joints | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | pins checked q 8 hrs, remove gunk 1-2 times a day using hydrogen peroxide or alcohol using surgical asepsis
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|
||||
| show | Traction
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|
||||
| show | Skin Traction
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|
||||
| Horizontal pull is exerted on the extremity by | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | Russell's Traction
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|
||||
| Uses a pin, tongs, or wires inserted into the patient's bone and attached to traction weight | show 🗑
|
||||
| ___ ___ are inserted into the patient's skull and provide traction in cases of fracture of the cervical spine | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | Degenerative Joint Disease also referred to as osteoarthritis (OA
🗑
|
||||
| show | DJD has no remission periods, and no systemic symptoms
🗑
|
||||
| show | Degenerative Joint Disease
🗑
|
||||
| what two occupations are considered to be high risk leading to DJD? | show 🗑
|
||||
| Risk Factors for OA | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | Joint stiffness and pain Joint enlargement Limitation of joint movement Herberden's nodes Bouchard's nodes Progressive limitation of ROM in affected joint
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|
||||
| show | Herberden's nodes
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|
||||
| show | Bouchard's nodes
🗑
|
||||
| show | X-Ray (radiographic films)
🗑
|
||||
| show | ESR (erythrocyte sedimentation rate) may be elevated & X-Ray (radiographic films)
🗑
|
||||
| show | Large doses of acetaminophen may be used initially, Corticosteroids may be administered into inflamed joints but long term use discouraged, The use of narcotics is deferred
🗑
|
||||
| r/t osteoarthritis; Post Operative Complications you need to be aware of as a nurse… | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | take medications with food
🗑
|
||||
| Head of the bed (HOB) is positioned at __ degrees or less r/t post op for osteoarthritis | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | abducted and extended
🗑
|
||||
| Position of adduction and flexion beyond ___ degrees can dislocate the prosthetic femoral head from the acetabulum | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | Because of the slow and steady progression of destructive changes in the weight-bearing joints and those that are repeatedly used for work.
🗑
|
||||
| A metabolic disease resulting from an accumulation of uric acid in the blood (hyperuricemia) | show 🗑
|
||||
| Acute inflammatory condition associated with ineffective metabolism of purines | show 🗑
|
||||
| primary gout is linked to what? | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | Resulting from use of certain medications or complication of another disease
🗑
|
||||
| show | Sudden onset of pain and tenderness in one joint (commonly the great toe) Swelling, and redness of the joint Joint becomes hypersensitive to touch Fever Presence of Tophi Joint deformities
🗑
|
||||
| show | Synovial fluid aspirates contain urate crystals; Elevated serum uric acid levels (hyperuricemia)
🗑
|
||||
| what is Gout medical management geared toward? | show 🗑
|
||||
| medical management r/t Gout | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | Only performed to remove a large Tophi or to correct the crippling deformities
🗑
|
||||
| Why are patients told to increase their fluid intake if they are diagnosed with gout? | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | Ankylosing Spondylitis; or Marie-Strumpell Disease
🗑
|
||||
| what are some bodily changes r/t Ankylosing Spondylitis | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | Difficulty in expanding the rib cage Vision loss from glaucoma and pupil damage Low back pain and stiffness Sciatica pain Weight loss Edema Decreased ROM
🗑
|
||||
| diagnostic tests for Ankylosing Spondylitis | show 🗑
|
||||
| medical management for ankylosing spondylitis | show 🗑
|
||||
| Hypokalemia may increase the risk of ___ ___. | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | Assess patient for signs of adrenal insufficiency (hypotension, weight loss, weakness, nausea, vomiting, anorexia, lethargy, confusion, restlessness)
🗑
|
||||
| show | Weight. VS. I&O. Electrolytes. Nutrition
🗑
|
||||
| Corticosteroids Nursing implications r/t meals and timing? | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | Encourage patients on long-term therapy to eat a diet high in protein, calcium, and potassium and low in sodium and carbohydrates
🗑
|
||||
| Two major uses of skeletal muscle relaxants | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | malignant hyperthermia
🗑
|
||||
| show | baclofen, carisoprodol, cyclobenzaprine, diazepam, and methocarbamol
🗑
|
||||
| show | inhibits reflexes at the spinal level
🗑
|
||||
| action of directly acting skeletal muscle relaxants | show 🗑
|
||||
| directly acting skeletal muscle relaxants | show 🗑
|
||||
| side effects for skeletal muscle relaxants | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | monitor serum glucose, alkaline phosphatase, AST, and ALT levels -LIVER
🗑
|
||||
| show | Administer with milk or food to minimize gastric irritation
🗑
|
||||
| name the drug associated w/: Prevention of attack of gouty arthritis and nephropathy. Treatment of secondary hyperuricemia, which may occur during treatment of tumors or leukemias | show 🗑
|
||||
| name the drug r/t Acute attacks of gouty arthritis. Prevention of recurrences of gout | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | allopurinol
🗑
|
||||
| show | colchicine
🗑
|
||||
| show | Administer with milk or meals to minimize gastric irritation. May be crushed and given with food or fluid.
🗑
|
||||
| show | Bradford Frame
🗑
|
||||
| wooden or steel attachment to the hospital bed. The frame has adjustable pulleys and a trapeze bar attached to an overhead bar | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | Stryker wedge turning frame and Foster bed
🗑
|
||||
| vertical turning bed that can be operated electrically by one person and can be placed in a variety of positions. | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | RotoRest Bed
🗑
|
||||
| ____ is the first concern when ambulatory devices are used | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | Osteoporosis, Metastatic cancer, Tumors of the bone.
🗑
|
||||
| A fibrin network forms between the fractured bone ends which changes into? | show 🗑
|
||||
| what would you report to physician r/t a skin tumor | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | Angioma; a birthmark
🗑
|
||||
| show | Spider Angiomas - associated with liver disease
🗑
|
||||
| show | Verruca
🗑
|
||||
| A congenital, non-vascular skin blemish Usually benign but may become cancerous | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | Malignant Tumors; Basal Cell Carcinoma
🗑
|
||||
| show | Most commonly found on the face and upper trunk
🗑
|
||||
| Firm, nodular lesion topped with a crust or ulceration and indurated margins | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | Can metastasize quickly via the lymphatic system Most commonly found on head, neck and lower lips
🗑
|
||||
| show | Malignant Tumors (Malignant Melanoma)
🗑
|
||||
| what are some risk factors for Malignant Tumors (Malignant Melanoma) | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | A = Asymmetry (one half unlike the other) B = Border is irregular C = Color is varied from one area to another D = Diameter is generally larger than 6 mm (size of a pencil eraser)
🗑
|
||||
| show | surgical incision
🗑
|
||||
| is not indicated for primary melanomas because they are radioresistant but radiation is indicated for metastatic cancer originating from a melanoma | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | Cisplatin, Methotrexate, and Dacarbazine
🗑
|
||||
| show | Antineoplastic drugs
🗑
|
||||
| dosage for antineoplastics are usually based on .... | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | give 1-2 liters of IV fluid prior to drugs
🗑
|
||||
| Excessive growth of hair | show 🗑
|
||||
| A disorder where the nails get soft or brittle | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | Hypotrichosis
🗑
|
||||
| show | Strains
🗑
|
||||
| show | Contusion
🗑
|
||||
| show | Sprains
🗑
|
||||
| Injury to the cervical spine Involves hyperextension and resulting compression | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | Reduce edema and discomfort Immobilization of injured part to promote healing Patient education
🗑
|
||||
| Disorder of the wrist and hand induced by compression on the median nerve of the wrist | show 🗑
|
||||
| s/s of carpal tunnel | show 🗑
|
||||
| Inflammation and edema of the synovial lining of the tendon sheaths result in a narrowed tunnel space and compression of the median nerve; altered ability to grasp or hold small objects | show 🗑
|
||||
| two ways a pt may describe carpal tunnel | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | Physical examination Electromyogram Magnetic resonance imaging Handheld electroneurometer
🗑
|
||||
| Rupture of the fibrocartilage surrounding an intervertebral disk with resulting pressure on nerve roots | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | 20-45 y/o, lower back pain, radiates over butt and down the leg; numbness and tingling
🗑
|
||||
| show | 45 y/o and older, neck pain/rigidity, headache, alternation of bowel and bladder elimination
🗑
|
||||
| show | high protein, iron & vitamin enriched diet
🗑
|
||||
| show | No lifting anything heavier than 5 lbs for at least 8 weeks No driving until permitted by physician Avoid twisting motions of trunk F/U appts
🗑
|
||||
| show | Laminectomy
🗑
|
||||
| show | Chemonucleolysis
🗑
|
||||
| Amputations Preoperative Assessment; diagnostic tests include | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | Controlling pain Preventing infection in the wound Perform a repair at the site that facilitates the use of prosthesis
🗑
|
||||
| show | phantom pain; it's NORMAL
🗑
|
||||
| Amputation Nursing Interventions are aimed at | show 🗑
|
||||
| name ways to tx severe phantom limb pain | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | Indomethacin (indocin); analgesic, anti-inflammatory, Ibuprofen (Motrin), Naproxen (naprosyn)
🗑
|
||||
| show | with food, milk, or antacid
🗑
|
||||
| Do not take oral ___ with other medications as it may block the absorption | show 🗑
|
||||
| You are preparing a 77 year old patient for an amputation of a lower extremity, when performing your nursing assessment, what is the key objective data that is documented? | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | Flames, scalding and thermal energy (heat)
🗑
|
||||
| show | Electricity Chemicals Radiation
🗑
|
||||
| A current of only ___ ___to the heart can cause ventricular fibrillation | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | Superficial (First Degree) burn
🗑
|
||||
| Affects both the epidermis and the dermis A superficial partial thickness burn can heal within 2 weeks with only some pigmentation changes but no scarring | show 🗑
|
||||
| Appearance - blistered, moist, mottled pink or reddened, blanches on pressure and refills | show 🗑
|
||||
| All the layers of the skin are destroyed and thus there is no pain If not debrided, this type of burn leads to sepsis, extensive scarring and contractures | show 🗑
|
||||
| Appearance - tough with leathery eschar; white, charred, dark, brown, tan or red; does not blanch on pressure; dull and dry; little pain | show 🗑
|
||||
| Categorized as one of the most lethal types of burns especially when there is a cutaneous injury associated with the respiratory tract burn | show 🗑
|
||||
| When noxious fumes are inhaled, what happens? | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | pneumonia; more immediate death is often caused by respiratory edema
🗑
|
||||
| show | cherry red coloring to unburned skin, changes in color of the mucus membrane, unconscious, and obvious neurological damage
🗑
|
||||
| show | Dyspnea Hoarseness - Stridor (a medical emergency) - Altered mental status
🗑
|
||||
| show | Administer 100% humidified oxygen Place in semi-fowlers position to allow for easier breathing Clear air way with suctioning Mouth to mouth / mask maybe required Maintain a open airway Hyper baric treatment for critical cases
🗑
|
||||
| show | determine total BSA, pt weight in kg; 4ml X % burn X kg weight = initial 24 hour fluid replacement
🗑
|
||||
| show | 1st 8 hours give 1/2 of total fluid, during 2nd/3rd 8 hours give 1/4 of total fluid
🗑
|
||||
| The Closed (Occlusive) r/t burn tx | show 🗑
|
||||
| uses the patient’s own skin, which is transplanted from one part of the body to another | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | Allograft or homograft
🗑
|
||||
| skin graft obtained from animals, principally pigs | show 🗑
|
||||
| Alternative materials used to cover the wound and promote healing | show 🗑
|
||||
| advantages of Mafenide Acetate(Sulfamylon) | show 🗑
|
||||
| advantage of Silver Sulfadiazine (Silvadine) | show 🗑
|
||||
| Causes losses of sodium, potassium, chloride and calcium, best if applied immediately, does not penetrate eschar, ineffective if the infection is already established | show 🗑
|
||||
| disadvantages of Mafenide Acetate (Sulfamylon) | show 🗑
|
Review the information in the table. When you are ready to quiz yourself you can hide individual columns or the entire table. Then you can click on the empty cells to reveal the answer. Try to recall what will be displayed before clicking the empty cell.
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Or sort by any of the columns using the down arrow next to any column heading.
If you know all the data on any row, you can temporarily remove it by tapping the trash can to the right of the row.
To hide a column, click on the column name.
To hide the entire table, click on the "Hide All" button.
You may also shuffle the rows of the table by clicking on the "Shuffle" button.
Or sort by any of the columns using the down arrow next to any column heading.
If you know all the data on any row, you can temporarily remove it by tapping the trash can to the right of the row.
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jrstrader
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