Clinical Medicine II
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| What are the 4 components of blood | show 🗑
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| What are the 3 components of Plasma | show 🗑
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| show | transporting molecules throughout the body (usually lipid soluble)
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| How much donor blood is taken | show 🗑
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| show | RBC’s
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| show | to preserve the coag factors, 15 degrees below 0
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| show | coag deficiencies d/t liver failure, DIC, vit K deficiency, warfarin tox, blood loss
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| show | 150-450,000/uL
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| Indications for platelet transfusions | show 🗑
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| What are causes of thrombocytopenia | show 🗑
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| show | 5000-10,000/uL 6 donors!
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| When would WBC transfusions be given | show 🗑
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| show | ↑O2 carying, hypotension, ↓o2stats, dizziness, weakness, angina, altered mental status
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| What is the transfusion criteria for replacement | show 🗑
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| show | rate of blood loss, rapid: body can’t compensate, need blood
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| When would we perfust albumin | show 🗑
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| show | leukocyte reduced PRBCs irradiated leukocyte reduced PRBC’s, apheresis platelets,
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| show | no, so have anti-a and anti-b abs
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| Are there antigens on A blood | show 🗑
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| When are ABO blood antibodies produced | show 🗑
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| show | 70% born w/ Rh antigen
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| When are Rh antibodies produced | show 🗑
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| show | 1st, not much happens, builds Abs for it, 2nd, memory cells ↑ immune response, can be bad (kill a fetus)
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| What is a type and screen | show 🗑
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| show | an Rh like rxn to antigens in the donor blood→cause an immune response
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| show | type pts blood, crossmatch with a donors blood product actually in the blood blank with the intent to transfuse, add pt’s blood w/ donor blood in test tube looking for agglutination
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| What do we combine to crossmatch blood | show 🗑
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| show | O- for RBC and AB+/- for FFP
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| show | RBCs burst, K+, Heme, Iron all released into the blood, usually toxic
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| show | DIC, acute renal failure (↑proteins), shock, triads of fever fland and red/brown urine
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| What is the clinical triad of hemolytic transfusion reactions | show 🗑
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| Tx hemolytic transfusion rxns | show 🗑
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| What causes febrile nonhemolytic transfusion reactions | show 🗑
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| Clinical presentation of febrile nonhemolytic transfusion rxns | show 🗑
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| Tx FNTR | show 🗑
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| show | slight fever falling hematocrit, mild ↑ unjonjugated billrubin etc. no tx necessary
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| show | shock, hypotension, angioedema, respiratory distress
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| Tx anaphylaxis trx rxns | show 🗑
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| show | substance in blood prodcuts cause histamine release from mast cells and basophils causing hives
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| Tx of urticrial trs rxsn | show 🗑
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| What can cause severe thrombocytomenia lasting days to weeks post infusion | show 🗑
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| show | high dose corticosteroids or exchange trx, give IVIG, furture trxs, give washed cells or HPA-1a – cells
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| show | transfusion related acute lung injury unknown cause
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| show | sudden respiratory distress, INTUBATE!
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| show | fluid overload, rxns, coag defects to massive trx, citrate tox, chelation of calcium, hyperkalemia, hypothermia, iron overload, air embolism
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| show | R: 45 days, spiked 4 rhs, F: 1 yrs, 12hrs thawed, Platelets: on shelf 5 days
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| show | mom Rh- baby Rh+ communication during birth, mom develops Rh abs, 2nd birth is Rh+ too, mom’s abs attack baby
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| show | during 1st preggo, rhogam
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| show | kills the babies RBC in mom’s circulation, no Rh’s abs can be produced
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| show | all mom’s who are Rh –
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| show | 1 dose at 26-28 weeks of gestation and one dose w/I 72 hrs of delievery (more if trauma or ↑ amount of blood mixed
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