psychology
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| motivation | an internal state that activates behavior and directs it toward a goal
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| instincts | innate tendencies that determine behavior
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| need | biological or psychological requirements of an organism
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| drive | a state of tension produced by a need that motivates an organism toward a goal
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| homeostasis | the tendency of all organisms to correct imbalances and deviations from their normal state
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| incentive | an external stimulus, reinforcer, or reward that motivates behavior
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| extrinsic motivation | engaging in activities that either reduce biological needs or help us obtain external incentives
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| intrinsic motivation | engaging in activities because they are personally rewarding or because they fulfill our beliefs and expectations
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| lateral hypothalamus (LH) | the part of the hypothalamus that produces hunger signals
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| ventromedial hypothalamus (VMH) | the part of the hypothalamus that can cause one to stop eating
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| glucostic theory | suggests that the hypothalamus monitors the amount of glucose, or ready energy, available in the blood
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| fundamental needs | biological drives that must be satisfied to maintain life
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| psychological needs | the urge to belong and to give and receive love, and the urge to acquire esteem
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| self-actualization needs | the pursuit of knowledge and beauty or what ever else is required for the realization of one's unique potential
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| emotion | a set of complex reactions to stimuli involving subjective feelings, physiological arousal, and observable behavior
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| control group | received a neutral injection that did not produce any symptoms
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| psychological hunger factors | external cues that can affect eating, such as where, when, and what we eat
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| motive to avoid success | some people are raised with the idea that being successful is all but a few careers is odd and unlikely
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| James-Lange Theory | bodily reactions form the basis of labeling and experiencing emotions
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| Cannon-Bard Theory | your body reacts and then you experience the emotion
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| Opponent-Process Theory | a homeostatic theory of emotional reactions based on classical conditioning
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