Clinical Medicine-II
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| show | R: renal collecting ducts, D: arise anywhere in the nephron
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| show | Autosomal recessive PKD
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| show | defect on chromosome 6P 21
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| show | infants have a problem w/ free water excretion leading to hyponatremia
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| What is the difference b/w autosomal dominant PKD and chronic KD | show 🗑
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| show | there are genes that code for this, but mutations are common that lead to PKD as well
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| show | PKD 2 and females
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| show | they can still excrete free water (urine), but have trouble filtering
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| Clinical features of PKD | show 🗑
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| show | can get infected, must be drained
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| How do we dx PKD | show 🗑
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| show | none. Dialysis, and trxp. Control HTN and Lipids to prevent progression, tx pain
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| What is the worst thing a pt could do to worsen ANY kidney dz | show 🗑
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| What is goal tx of BP with PKD | show 🗑
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| What are some extra renal manifestations, and RFs w/ this | show 🗑
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| Besides the liver cysts, what else can PKD precipitate | show 🗑
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| show | stressed skeletal muscle that releases its contents (creatnine kinase) of muscle into the extracellular fluid that could cause kidney damage
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| show | intense athletes (marathons), military, crush syndrome
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| show | physical trauma, ↑physical activity-szs, movement d/o’s, compromised flow to muscle→necrosis leads to release of CK, Drugs, Toxins, ↑↓temps, infectious causes and bites
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| show | HMG co-A reductase inhibitors (statins)
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| show | ethanol, CO, snake venom
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| show | pink urine, ↑CK: >10-20,000, evidence of renal failure,
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| show | maintain hydration, forced mannitol-alkaline diuresis (can use Lasix? But must be certain they are hydrated 1st)
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| What is mannitol | show 🗑
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| 25 yo runner running 50mile race, feeling fatigue, muscle pain, stops to urinate and has red urine, dx? | show 🗑
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| Dx of urine that is red | show 🗑
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| Pt goes into acute renal failure in ICU what is the mortality rate | show 🗑
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| 3 major categories of acute renal injury | show 🗑
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| What are causes of pre-renal renal failure | show 🗑
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| What are some drugs that may ↑intrarenal vasoconstriction | show 🗑
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| What are intrarenal failure causes | show 🗑
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| show | cortical: usually bilaterally do not recovery, tubular, can regetnerate tubules and kidney fxn returns
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| What is acute interstitial nephritis | show 🗑
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| show | Obstruction: prostatic hypertrophy, nerogenic bladder, intraureteral obstruction, extrauretral obstruction: tumors, retroperitoneal fibrosis
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| show | a carcinoma until proven otherwise
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| show | Oliguric, <400ml/24hrs
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| Complete obstruction of urine, major vascular catastrophy, commonly severe ATN | show 🗑
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| When is oliguria seen | show 🗑
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| show | intrarenal causes, nephrotoxic ATN, acute GN, AIN
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| show | altered taste sensation
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| Hiccups | show 🗑
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| Signs of chronic dz | show 🗑
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| show | FENA and BUN
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| show | prerenal or obstruction
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| Fxns of kidney | show 🗑
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| Classifications of acute renal failure | show 🗑
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| Classifications of chronic renalfaiure | show 🗑
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| What ↑ as kidney fxns ↓ | show 🗑
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| Stages of CDK | show 🗑
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| show | Stage 1 GFR >90
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| Severe ↓ GFR | show 🗑
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| Kidney failure | show 🗑
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| Kidney damage w/ mild ↓ GFR | show 🗑
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| show | stage 3, 30-59
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| Causes of CKD | show 🗑
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| show | sustaining primary dz, HTN, intraglomerular HTN, proteinuria, nephrocalcinosis, Dyslipidemia,
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| show | lipid lowering agent , and ACEi (if they can be) (statins: have a factor that help the kidney “deal” with CKD)
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| how can we slow pregoression of CKD | show 🗑
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| Sxs CKD | show 🗑
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| Tx of metabolic acidosis | show 🗑
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| show | DM
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| show | hemodialysis, peritoneal dialysis (thru abdomen)
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| show | Not done :D
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Created by:
becker15
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