HY Terms 2
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| show | Herbert Hoover
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| show | stock market crashes (3rd crash, but most severe)
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| Lack of economic diversification (Cause of stock market crash/Great Depression) | show 🗑
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| show | most ppl cannot afford the things that we're producing. Happens when money is not being distributed across the board. 50% of ppl are living at the poverty line.
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| show | Credit and debt gave the false appearance of prosperity.
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| lack of a “safety net,” (Cause of stock market crash/Great Depression) | show 🗑
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| show | Wallstreet was not regulated. Many companies selling fraudulent stock.
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| show | guessing about risky investments (banks being too careless with the loans they give)
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| protective tariff (Cause of stock market crash/Great Depression) | show 🗑
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| show | Treaty of Versi, WWI caused much debt. Caused deflation, massive layoffs.
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| show | they did the wrong thing. Contracted the money supply (no borrowing money, no spending money).
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| show | Relief, bread lines, soup lines, “dumpster diving”
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| The Dust Bowl | show 🗑
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| “black blizzards” | show 🗑
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| The Black Shirts | show 🗑
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| Radio programs during the great depression | show 🗑
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| show | The Studio System, Frank Capra, Walt Disney, “Gone with the Wind” “Wizard of Oz”
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| show | conservative values went out. This book said that the route to success and money was being able to conform, fit in, etc.
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| The Popular Front | show 🗑
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| Fascism | show 🗑
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| The “Scottsboro Boys” (1931-50) | show 🗑
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| show | J. Edgar Hoover
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| show | He's into crushing any hint of unamerican behavior (radicalism, critics of economic system, communists, etc). Hoover is cold, uncaring, conservative, pro-business. He was smart, yet unwilling to change and try new things.
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| Andrew Mellon | show 🗑
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| Norris-LaGuardia Act (1932) | show 🗑
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| Smoot-Hawley Tariff (1930) | show 🗑
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| The “Bonus Army” (1932)—Douglas MacArthur | show 🗑
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| The Interregnum | show 🗑
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| show | greatest liberal figure of the 20th century. He is very confident, optimistic. Comes up with the “New Deal Coalition”.
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| “New Deal Coalition” | show 🗑
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| John Maynard Keynes | show 🗑
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| Keynesian economics | show 🗑
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| deficit spending / “priming the pump” | show 🗑
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| show | proscribes a cure for the great depression. Government needs to engage in defecit spending.
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| show | time of stopping the bleeding, restoring confidence in people. Roosevelts personality, character helps this very much.
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| The Bank Holiday | show 🗑
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| Prohibition | show 🗑
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| Emergency Banking Act | show 🗑
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| Economy Act | show 🗑
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| show | gov gets involved in asking farmers to cut their production. Idea: we have an over supply of food, so gov will pay farmers to plow under crops and slaughter pigs. Which will raise prices for farmers (suppose to help farmers)
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| show | business will recognize union's right to exist. They'll get their right (min wage, max hours). Trying to level the playing field. So that management and laborers are closer. Dominated by whites.
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| show | Conservative, pro business
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| show | symbolizes that you are part of NRA. Seen as patriotic.
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| show | problem: take gov money and spend it on public works.
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| Tennessee Valley Administration (TVA, 1933)—Muscle Shoals, Ala. | show 🗑
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| show | separates community banking from investment banking. When ppl put money in community, you cannot take that money and treat it as if it's in an investment bank (make any wild, crazy investments in that money)
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| show | The money that you deposit into that bank is insured by the federal gov. If bank goes out of business, you will get your money back.
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| show | regulates the stock market. (keeping nobodies from selling faulty stocks)
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| show | borrowing money to invest into stocks (gambling)
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| show | gives relief to poor, starving, jobless, orphans, widows.
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| show | puts 4 million people to work on public projects (building parks, schools, etc).
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| Civilian Conservation Corps (CCC) | show 🗑
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| show | help ppl hold onto family farm or house (prevent from losing to the bank).
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| Frazier-Lemke Bankruptcy Act | show 🗑
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| show | Allowing gov to loan you money at a much lower rate, to help you buy a house.
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| show | Business and Corporations (wealthy hate it), and American Liberty League (attacks roosevelt with nasty/personal attacks)
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| Dr. Francis E. Townsend | show 🗑
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| old-age pensions | show 🗑
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| Fr. Charles Coughlin | show 🗑
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| show | any money made over a certain amount should be taxed at 100%.
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| “Economic Royalists” | show 🗑
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| show | Goal: break up of large utilities in order for real competition to occur
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| Revenue Act | show 🗑
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| National Labor Relations Board (NLRB) b | show 🗑
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| Social Security Act (1935) | show 🗑
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| show | Social Security Act
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| Works Progress Administration (1935) | show 🗑
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| National Youth Administration | show 🗑
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| show | “industrial unionism” - CIO opens up membership to everybody (for industrial unionism)
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| show | they go into work but refuse to leave (remain seated) because they don't want ppl coming in to take their jobs
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| Gov. Frank Murphy (Strike) | show 🗑
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| US Steel, “Little Steel” | show 🗑
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| Gadsden, Ala. | show 🗑
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| show | attempts to orgranize tenant farmers. Incredibly violent.
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| “Black Cabinet”—Mary McLeod Bethune, William Hastie | show 🗑
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| show | Marian is scheduled to give a coscert at the Lincoln Memorial and the Daughter of American Revolution (DAR). They refuse to let her sing there because she is black. Eleanor Roosevelt resigns from the DAR as result.
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| show | rejects the new deal, opposes roosevelt. Bigs to mount the type of white southern resistance to the new deal that will eventually result in many southern whites leaving democratic party.
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| show | South as the “No. 1 Economic Problem” - designed to help south, but identifies south as biggest economic problem. Taken by south as slam in the face rather than an attempt to help. Hurts Roosevelt's popularity.
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| show | Conscervatives were criticising Him for too much spending so he agrees to make a lot of cuts (cutting back on Kaynsean policy). Results: double dip depression that occurred from this.
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| $5 Billion Emergency Appropriation (April 1938) | show 🗑
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| Anti-Trust Division of the Justice Dept.—Thurman Arnold | show 🗑
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| Fair Labor Standards Act (1938) | show 🗑
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| show | (Ala.) becomes a member of the supreme court. He is a part of the FLSA (Fair Labor Standards Act).
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| March on Washington | show 🗑
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| Fair Employment Practices Committee (1941) | show 🗑
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| Indian Reorganization Act—John Collier | show 🗑
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| show | ended WWI. So terribly crafted it pre-ordains WWII Leage of Nations was proposed by Wilson. Germany forced to take blame for WWI (causing much resentment). As result their economy gets busted. Inflation is out of control.
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| show | outlaw war as a method of foreign policy.
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| Circular Loans | show 🗑
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| Yankee imperialism | show 🗑
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| show | an authoritarian and nationalistic right-wing system of government and social organization. – pride in the nation – militaristic
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| show | supremacy of white people.
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| Aryan supremacy | show 🗑
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| “lebensraum” | show 🗑
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| show | Japanese attack China, beginning of WWII. Japan was after materials.
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| show | Nationalist/anti-communist leader
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| Mao Zedong | show 🗑
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| Reciprocal Trade Agreement (1934) | show 🗑
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| show | treating latin america more kindly.
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| show | we should have never gotten into the war. (American isolationism). We need to keep out of Europe affairs.
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| show | US did not join the World Court (blow to Roosevelt)
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| “cash and carry” | show 🗑
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| Geneva Arms Control Conference (who walks out) | show 🗑
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| London Naval Conference (who walks out) | show 🗑
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| Munich Peace Conference (September 1938) | show 🗑
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| Rhineland | show 🗑
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| “Anschluss”—Austria (March 1938) | show 🗑
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| show | they speak german, conscidered to be german, so Hitler wants them as well.
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| show | They don't submit to any of Hitlers threats. France and Britain say that they'll declare war if Hitlar invades Poland. Hitler invades, they declare war.
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| Nazi-Soviet Non-Aggression Pact (1939)—Hitler and Joseph Stalin | show 🗑
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| show | poland, denmark, norway, netherlands, belgium, and France all fall in rapid succession to Hitler.
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| Vichy Government | show 🗑
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| show | Winston Churchhill
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| The Blitz—Luftwaffe, V-1 and V-2 rockets | show 🗑
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| show | US begins to lend or lease military equipment to Britiain and Russia to re-arm them to keep them on their feet.
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| Invasion of USSR/Russia—Stalingrad, “scorched-earth policy” | show 🗑
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| show | US destoryer that is sunk by the Germans
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| show | order to fire on sight on german vessels
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| The Atlantic Charter | show 🗑
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| show | largest, most destructive war man has experienced yet.
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| Pearl Harbor (December 7, 1941) | show 🗑
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| Axis | show 🗑
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| show | Britain, France, USSR, and USA
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| Manila, Guam, Wake Island, Hong Kong, Burma, the Philippines | show 🗑
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| show | First major allied victory of the Japanese. Stopped the (thought to be unstoppable) Japanese pacific war machine.
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| show | a turning point where US begins to take control of the pacific from the Japanese.
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| show | Winston Churchhill
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| show | Gen. George C. Marshall
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| show | Germans inflict a very serious defeat on the US.
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| show | against the Germans, to drive them out of Africa.
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| show | Russians vs Nazis. The Russians are victorious, finally stopping the Germans.
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| show | Churchhill's idea to come from Africa, up through Italy, into Europe through way of Sicily.
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| Monte Casino | show 🗑
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| The Holocaust | show 🗑
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| show | involved 3 million allied troops. (We made much progress)
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| show | we missed our attacks because of the weather
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| Patton’s 3rd Army | show 🗑
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| Bastogne | show 🗑
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| show | Allies achieve victory.
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| show | big victory for us.
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| show | Largest naval battle in world history. This ends the naval part of WWII. Japan still will not surrender.
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| show | The marines finally breakthrough and win this.
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| show | Japanese employ kamakazi planes.
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| show | we napalm Tokyo.
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| show | President Harry Truman –We deploy first a-bomb in new mexico in the dessert.
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| Drop A-Bombs here | show 🗑
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| show | Japanese Surrenders. War ends in the pacific.
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| Keynesianism ascendant | show 🗑
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| race riots that occurred during WWII | show 🗑
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| show | young latino youths wore these suits. These youths were attacked by mobs.
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| Internment of the Japanese | show 🗑
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| “Little Steel” Formula | show 🗑
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| wildcat strikes | show 🗑
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| Office of Price Administration/War Production Board | show 🗑
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| show | (“soak the rich”) - 94% tax rate for top 1% of population.
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| show | this all led to tremendous prosperity (this is all happening right after WWII)
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| show | US breaks the ENIGMA code so we know what the Germans are saying
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| By end of war US and allies would have overtaken technologically. Many Germans fleeing the nazis and coming over to the US to devlope many things: | show 🗑
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| show | tensions between east and west, (Russia and America). Cold because there is no shooting. However it does turn hot at times.
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| show | dominated US policy for a long time, theory: communism has to be contained, it will spread like a cancer (if one country became communist, other countries will become communist).
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| The “Big 3” | show 🗑
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| Casablanca (Jan. 1943) | show 🗑
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| show | This is made up of 5 different powers. Any of these has the power to veto. So if something comes to UN and any one of these 5 countries vetos it, it's done.
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| show | is where we come up with idea of United Nations as a permanent organization to prevent another world war.
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| show | Russian
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| West Berlin | show 🗑
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| show | where Roosevelt Churchill and Stalin met to decide what to do w/ Germany and Polland after the war. US wanted Germany to be reconstructed and rebuilt. Stalin and Russians wanted Germany to be split up into pieces so it cannot threaten world peace again.
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| Potsdam (July 1945) | show 🗑
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| West Germany | show 🗑
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| show | controlled by Soviets
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| China Lobby | show 🗑
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| Marshall Plan | show 🗑
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| show | There is a communist take over of Czechoslovakia by the Soviet Union.
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| show | first military draft during peacetime. 18 year olds were forced to sign up for the draft.
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| show | Goal: work on the hydrogen bomb which is hundreds of times more powerful than a-bomb
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| CIA | show 🗑
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| Dept. of Defense | show 🗑
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| Berlin Airlift (1948-49) | show 🗑
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| show | NATO agreed an attack on 1 is an attack on all so all 13 responded. Soviet union replied with Warsaw Pact which is same idea.
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| NSC-68 | show 🗑
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| show | N.K. invades S.K. N.K. take over most of S.K. Looks like Korea will become totally communist. Under MacArthur, US pushes N.K.s back, causing a stalemate. MacArthur wants to invade China. Talks with Truman, Truman won't let him. 70% of US backs MacArther.
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| End of Democratic dominance | show 🗑
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| Economic Reconversion | show 🗑
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| G.I. Bill of Rights | show 🗑
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| Truman’s intervention in labor disputes | show 🗑
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| ‘Right to Work” laws | show 🗑
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| show | goal: weaken labor laws put into place by roosevelt. Taft was aimed to protect worker rights.
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| “Dixiecrats” | show 🗑
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| “States’ Rights Democrats”/ “Dixiecrats” goal was to: | show 🗑
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| Truman’s Civil Rights program | show 🗑
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| show | national healthcare, public housing, a permanent FEPC
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| show | if you refused to give names of people you knew were communists, you were placed on a blacklist, never to work again. Hollywood Ten lost their jobs and ability to get work in the future because of being blacklisted.
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| show | Making accusations of people being unamerican/communist.
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| Truman’s Loyalty Oaths | show 🗑
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| show | all communist organizations are required to register
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| show | communist jewish people of the communist party. They were accused as ppl who passed secrets to the soviet union for the atomic bomb. They are executed.
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| DDT | show 🗑
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| show | interstate highway system
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| William H. Whyte, The Organization Man (1956) | show 🗑
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| David Riesman, The Lonely Crowd (1950) | show 🗑
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| show | poverty in America is far far more prevelant than ppl think.
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| Warfare State | show 🗑
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| Dien Bien Phu | show 🗑
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| U-2 | show 🗑
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| Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka (Kansas) (1954) | show 🗑
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| Plessy v. Ferguson (1896) | show 🗑
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| “massive resistance” | show 🗑
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| the “Conservative Manifesto” (1956) | show 🗑
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| “segregation academies” | show 🗑
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| Lynching of Emmett Till (1956) | show 🗑
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| Arthurine Lucy and the University of Alabama (1956) | show 🗑
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| show | Central High School is ordered to be desegregated. Arkansas gov Orval Faubus won't allow it. Eisenhower demands him to desgregate or he will order troops to come in and do this. Faubus refuses so troops come in and desegregate.
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| John F. Kennedy | show 🗑
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| show | This was suppose to help Cuban freedom fighters, take over Cuba. Total failure.
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| He signs civil rights act and voting rights act. He passes medicare and medicaid. | show 🗑
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| show | public school prayer is outlawed.
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| show | abortion becomes legal
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| JFK’s Phone Call to Coretta Scott King (1960) | show 🗑
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| show | first major civil rights actions (organized). Nonviolent. They were just asking for service in places that were whites only.
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| The “Freedom Rides” (1961) | show 🗑
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| Inaugural Speech of Gov. George Wallace (1961) | show 🗑
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| show | Jack and Bobby Kennedy and federal troops – a black student attempts to enroll. Kennedy brothers send in federal troops to ensure that she is enrolled.
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| University of Alabama (June 1963)—Wallace’s “stand in the schoolhouse door,” | show 🗑
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| Murder of Medgar Evers | show 🗑
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| show | this is when blacks actually achieved their civil rights.
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| “Freedom Summer” | show 🗑
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| Selma (1965) | show 🗑
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| Voting Rights Act (1965) | show 🗑
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| show | Race Riots
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| show | separatist, radical, violent, demanding
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| The Black Panthers | show 🗑
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| show | Black Power movement. seen as ultimate threatening figure. Says white people are devils
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| show | a wall constructed to separate east and west Berlin.
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| Says Vietnam was most disasterous of all America's undertakings of all of it's history: | show 🗑
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| Ho Chi Minh | show 🗑
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| North Vietnam | show 🗑
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| show | a line drawn between north and south Vietnam.
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| show | we support Diem. Southern Vietnam leader.
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| show | LBJ (He is very effected/depressed by this war)
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| show | He used race as a tool to get things passed and get elected. (appealing to white southerners)
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| show | Nixon represents a conservative backlash. Talked about the silent majority (not protestors). Appealed to white southerners (racist)
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| code words | show 🗑
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| show | says that power is what people want to be around
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| “Vietnamization” | show 🗑
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| Secret Bombing of Cambodia (1969), Laos | show 🗑
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| show | sings about anti-war.
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| Kent State and Jackson State (1970) | show 🗑
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| The Pentagon Papers | show 🗑
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| My Lai—Lt. William Calley | show 🗑
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| The Easter Offensive | show 🗑
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| “Peace with Honor” | show 🗑
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| The Christmas Bombing (1972) | show 🗑
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| show | We pull out of south vietnam. South vietnam is immediately overrun by north Vietnamese.
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| show | Pol Pot is homicidal maniac, kills hundreds of thousands of people.
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| Nixon and China | show 🗑
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| show | a toning down of the cold war between us and the soviet union.
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|
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