10/02
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| Q Where are mammary glands located? Do they have a capsule? | show 🗑
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| show | A At the level of the 4th intercostal space
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| Q The female breast extends roughly from the lateral border of the sternum to what point laterally? | show 🗑
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| show | A The angle of Louie
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| show | A Don't forget the tail of the breast that extends under the arm. The lat 1/3 of the breast rests on the serratus ant.
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| show | A Retromammary space/bursa
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| Q What supports the lobules in the female breast? Where are these most developed? | show 🗑
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| Q What kind of glands are the female mammary glands? What other glands are present in the female breast? | show 🗑
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| Q There are 15-20 lobules per gland in the female breast. What drains each lobule? | show 🗑
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| show | A LActiferous sinus, found just beneath the surface. Note: There is one sinus per duct
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| Q What is the nipple composed of? Are any other structures or marks present on the nipple? | show 🗑
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| Q The breasts are supplied blood by which arteries? Which is larger? | show 🗑
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| show | A The pos. intercostal arteries supply blood to the lateral thoracic wall. These have lateral mammary branches that reach the breast.
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| Q If blood supply to the breast from the lateral mammary branches were cut off, through what pathway would blood travel to reach the breast? | show 🗑
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| show | A lateral thoracic artery. This is where the lateral mammary branches split off on their way to the breast.
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| Q The internal thoracic artery is important for blood supply to the breast. Where does this vessel come from, and where else does it go? | show 🗑
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| Q Once the int. thoracic artery arrives at the rib 6-7 level, it continues inf. into the rectus sheath as what artery? What branches off laterally from this artery? | show 🗑
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| show | A Vena communicantes are 2-3 veins that wrap around an artery in web-like formation. This may be to take advantage of the constriction/dilation of the artery to promote flow through the vein as well.
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| show | A In the ducts.
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| Q The innervation of the breast is from intercostal/segmental nn, easily enough. Do you know what specific levels though? | show 🗑
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| Q The pec major has a clavicular head,, which originates from the medial half of the clavicle. Where does the sternocostal head originate? | show 🗑
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| show | A major = lat/med pectoral n., minor = medial pectoral n.
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| show | A It travels through the pec minor m.
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| Q The sternocostal head of the pec major by itself would extend the humerous from a flexed position. What would the clavicular head accomplish on its own? | show 🗑
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| show | A To the pec major/minor
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| show | A Ribs 3-5 near costal cartilage
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| show | A pec minor
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| Q What mm. acts as an antagonist to the traps/scm on the clavicle? | show 🗑
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| Q This m. originates from the junction of rib 1/costal cartilage and inserts on the inf middle 1/3 of the clavicle. | show 🗑
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| Q Is blood supply to the subclavius the same as to the pec major/minor? | show 🗑
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| Q The origin of this m spans from ribs 1-8 | show 🗑
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| show | A The long thoracic n. travels on top of the serr. ant (though covered by the lats for the most part), whereas most nn. travel underneath the mm. they innervate.
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| Q This m. protracts the scapula, AND holds it against the thorax | show 🗑
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| show | A lat. thoracic artery
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| show | A transverse thoracic mm/transversus thoracis
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| Q The innervation of the transversus thoracis m is from intercostal/segmental nn. What is the action of this m.? | show 🗑
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| show | A The pericardiacophrenic ligament to the central tendon (?) and the sternopericardial ligament to the sternum
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| show | A It is fused with the tunica adventitia of the great vessels
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| Q What are the two parts of the pericardium? | show 🗑
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| show | A The epicardium
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| show | A it limits overfilling
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| show | A They are inside the fibrous pericardium
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| show | A ***Pos. to aorta/pulmonary trunk, and ant. to sup ven cav
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| show | A Medial = R sup/inf pulmonary veins, Lateral = L sup/inf pulmonary veins.
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