neuro- integumentary
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| what is meningitis | show 🗑
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| show | nuchal rigidity(rigidity of the neck), brudzinskis sign, and kernigs sign, and photophobia
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| show | positive kernigs sign and brudzinskis sign, gram stain of the CSF reveals organisms,
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| viral vs. bacterial | show 🗑
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| show | moderately elevated CSF pressure, elevated CSF protein, decreased glucose, elevated white blood cells count.
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| show | assessment of clinical manifestations,
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| what meds to treat? | show 🗑
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| what is tetanus | show 🗑
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| show | wounds closer to the head the neurotoxins cause tetanus more quickly.
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| prevented? | show 🗑
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| assessment data | show 🗑
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| risus sardonicus | show 🗑
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| prognosis | show 🗑
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| show | is an inflammatory disease of unknown origin that involves degeneration of the mylein sheath of peripheral nerves
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| show | ascending weakness, usually beginning in the lower exteremities and spreading, some times rapidly, to the trunk, upper extremities, and even the face. the weakness evolves over hours to days with maximal deficit by 4 weeks in 90% cases
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| manifestiations | show 🗑
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| show | no longer progresses, does not recover from functions initially lost, deep aching muscle pain in the shoulder girdle and thighs is common,
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| 2 most dangerous features of the disease | show 🗑
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| show | orthostatic hypotension, hypertension, pupillary distrubance, sweating dysfunction, cardiac ysthrimias, parlytic ileus, urinary retention
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| recovery phase | show 🗑
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| show | history and physical exam, csf exam, electrophsiologic studies, csf contains increased proteins, with few or no white blood cells, nerve conduction velocity is slowed, conduction block.
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| prognosis | show 🗑
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| what is trigeminal neuralgia | show 🗑
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| show | trinsic or extrinsic lesions within the nerve itself, gross abnormalities of the axon or mylein, with multiple sclerosis,
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| extrinsic factors | show 🗑
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| characterized by | show 🗑
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| more prevalent | show 🗑
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| show | angiography, CT, and MRI, causative lesions, dx made from basis of an indepth history with attention paid to trigger stimuli and nature of the pain site
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| meds | show 🗑
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| meds cont. | show 🗑
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| nx considerations | show 🗑
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| surgery includes | show 🗑
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| show | development of facial parathesias and muscular weakness,
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| show | aspiration, advance diet slowly, teach patient to use water jet device corneal reflex may be inpaired
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| show | affects the motor aspect of the facial nerve, the 7th cranial nerve. common type of peripheral facial paralysis, commomly among 20 to 40 yr.
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| show | unilateral paralysis of the facial muscles of expression, no pathological cause, paralysis may be central or peripheral in origin,
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| show | upper motor neuron paralysis of paraesis, sometimes causes dissociation of motor function, pt. cannot voluntarily show teeth on the paralyzed side, can show emotional stimulation-sudden laugh.(voluntary emotional dissociation)
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| manifestaitons | show 🗑
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| show | drooping of the mouth, flattening of the nasolabial fold, widening of the palpebral fissure, a slight lag in closing the eye , eating may be difficult
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| no known cure | show 🗑
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| show | within a few weeks without manifestations, if perminant paralysis then surgery may be needed
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| show | ultraviolet light
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| show | without pigment
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| show | circular
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| circumscribed | show 🗑
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| coalesce | show 🗑
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| comedo | show 🗑
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| cytotoxic | show 🗑
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| show | area of skin supplied by a single dorsal nerve root
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| show | fungus that enters the skins surfacec causing infection
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| show | scaling, peeling of epidermis
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| discoid | show 🗑
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| eczematous | show 🗑
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| show | redness
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| exacerbation | show 🗑
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| show | shedding of skin in fairly large quanities
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| show | hair follicle inflammtation
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| guttate | show 🗑
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| hives | show 🗑
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| show | thickening of strateum corneaum, usually from repeated pressure or friction
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| hyperpigmentation | show 🗑
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| show | decreased pigmentation
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| indurated | show 🗑
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| intertrigo | show 🗑
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| lesion | show 🗑
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| maceration | show 🗑
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| show | small white papula
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| show | around the mouth
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| show | under the nail bed
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| show | degree of skin color, or mucous membrane color
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| plantar | show 🗑
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| show | existing in many forms
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| show | itching
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| show | pinpoint
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| show | hardening or induration of skin
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| show | lipid excretion produced by sebacous glands
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| show | degree of skin tightness
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| show | tactile or visual skin characteristics, coarsenenss or dryness
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| show | electromagnetic radiaiton from the sun
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| show | wheals hives
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| show | leasion with surface roughness , wart
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| show | skin color change without elevation, flat, described as a patch, if greater than 1 cm. (freckles or petechia)
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| papule | show 🗑
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| show | raised, flat lesion formed from merging papules or nodules
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| show | larger than a papule, raised solid lesion extending deeper into the dermis, a large noduleis referred to as a tumor
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| show | hive, fleeting skin elevation that is irregularly shaped because of edema, mosquito bite
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| show | blister, elevated, sharply defined lesion containing serous fluid, usually less than 1cm blister, chickenpox, or herpes simplex
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| show | large elevated, fluidfilled lesion greater than 1cm partial thickness burn
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| show | elevated, thick walled lesion containing fluid or semisolid matter.
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| pustule | show 🗑
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| physical exam | show 🗑
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| show | hair and scalp, nails- color and shape, texture, integrity, thickness/ skin-color, moisture, temp, tex, turgor, edema, tender, odor,
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| lesion exam | show 🗑
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| skin self test | show 🗑
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| scale | show 🗑
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| crust | show 🗑
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| show | a moist, demarcated depressed area due to loss of partial or full thickness epidermis, basal layer of epidermis reamains intact (ruputured chickenpox vesicle)
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| show | irregular shaped, exudative, depressed lesion in which entire epidermis and all or part of dermis are lost, results from trauma and tissue destruction (pressure ulcer)
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| show | mark left on skin after healing replacement of destroyed tissue by scare tissue
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| show | epidermal thichening resulting in elevation plaque with accentuated skin markings, usually results from repeated injury through rubbing odr scratiching chronic atopic dermatitis
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| excoration | show 🗑
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| show | deep linear split through epidermis into dermis tinea pedis
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| atrophy | show 🗑
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| show | a chronic relapsing , pruritic eczema, atiopic refers to familial tendency. for excess inflammation in the skin, linning of teh nose and lungs,
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| familial | show 🗑
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| show | immunoregulatory abnormalities have , caused by dysfunction of skin t cells,
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| show | release of cytokines and inflammatory mediatiors, has reduced watere binding capacity, higher rate of transepidermal water loss, decreased water content, water loss leads to further drying and cracking and itching,
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| show | begins during infantacy, acute onset, red, oozing crusting rash, shows chronic form of dermatitis, thickened dry texture, brownish grey and scales, rash localized to large folds of the extremeties as pt gets older.
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| show | found mainly on elbow bends, backs of knees, the neck, eyelids, the backs of hands and feet. pruritis causes great morbidity, provoking scratching which results in severly excoriated lesions, infection, and scarring
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| contact dermatitis | show 🗑
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| management | show 🗑
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| show | skin flaps- are sections of skin rotated from their origin to cover a defect. connonuses of skin flaps to reconsrtuct a neck after excision of cancer, occasionally used to close pressur ulcers on the pelvis, blood flow must be protected,
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| musculocutaneous flaps | show 🗑
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| show | pt will maintain effective peripheral tissue perfusion as evidenced by usual color of skin, no pallor or cyanosism, warm and dry skin, blanching no edema or blebs
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| show | thrombosis is the most common failure of free flaps,
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| show | axial skin flap, muscle flap plus skin graft, muocutaneous flap, omental flap
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