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Nucleic Acids Test

Enter the letter for the matching Definition
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1.
mRNA
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2.
three
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3.
tertiary
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4.
hyperchromicity
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5.
topoisomerase 1
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6.
nucleotide
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7.
histone proteins
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8.
rRNA
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9.
uracil
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10.
positively
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11.
linear
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12.
two
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13.
nucleotides
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14.
primary
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15.
topoisomerase
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16.
DNA
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17.
nucleoside
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18.
32
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19.
double helix
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20.
tRNA
A.
this structure of nucleic acids is the supercoiling
B.
directs amino acid sequence of proteins; contains the genetic information from DNA (genes); is translated into a polypeptide sequence (protein or an amino acid polymer)
C.
genes are composed of ____
D.
consist of a nitrogen base, a monosaccharide, & at least one phosphate
E.
DNA is _____ in eukaryotes & contained within chromosomes
F.
histones are _____ charged proteins; rich in the basic amino acids lysine and arginine
G.
the pyrimidine nitrogen bases in RNA are ____ and cytosine
H.
each base toasted by ____ degrees compared to the next provides for maximum base pairing
I.
2 anti-parallel DNA strands coiled around the same axis (spiral staircase) this is the secondary structure
J.
A-T has ____ hydrogen bonds
K.
transports amino acids to site of protein synthesis; intramolecular hydrogen bonding between A-U and G-C occurs in the sections of _____; "cloverleaf structure"
L.
is the increase of absorbance (optical density) of a material. The most famous example is that of DNA that occurs when the DNA duplex is denatured
M.
a nucleoside (base and ribose) with a phosphate group
N.
enzymes that control the supercoiled state of DNA are ________
O.
cuts the phosphodiester backbone of ONE strand, passes the end through, and reseals the strand
P.
this structure of nucleic acids is the order of the bases
Q.
a nitrogen base & a ribose sugar
R.
G-C has ____ hydrogen bonds
S.
H2A, H2B, H3, & H4 (there are two of each)
T.
FOUND IN RIBOSOMES, the site of protein synthesis
Type the Term that corresponds to the displayed Definition.
incorrect
21.
cuts BOTH strands, passes some of the remaining DNA helix between the cut strands, and reseals; gets rid of 2 coils at a time
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22.
a structural unit of a eukaryotic chromosome, consisting of a length of DNA coiled around a core of histones
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23.
B-DNA is a *right-handed* helix (point thumb up, DNA winds ____ in direction fingers are pointing)
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24.
the ordered arrangement of nucleic acid strands
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25.
this structure of nucleic acids is the DNA/ protein interactions
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26.
the sugar-phosphate backbone is _______ (primary structure)
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27.
a complex of DNA wound around histones in a bead-like structure
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28.
DNA and RNA are polymers of ______
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29.
_______ bonds hold the two DNA strands together
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30.
this structure of nucleic acids is the 3-D conformation of the polynucleotide backbone

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