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Chapter 12 Test

Enter the letter for the matching Definition
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1.
Global production networks
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2.
Network
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3.
Hinterland
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4.
First Mover Advantage
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5.
Agglomeration
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6.
Rust Belt
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7.
Fordist
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8.
Intermodal
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9.
Time-space compression
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10.
Cottage industries
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11.
Newly industrializing countries (NIC)
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12.
Situation
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13.
Economies of scale
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14.
Commodification
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15.
Outsourcing
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16.
Location theory
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17.
Global sourcing
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18.
Node
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19.
Connectivity
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20.
Vertical Integration
A.
A set of interconnected nodes without a center.
B.
Position of a place or area relative to others in a network.
C.
The position of a city or place relative to its surrounding environment or context.
D.
Where two or more modes of transportation meet (including air, road, rail, barge, and ship).
E.
Pattern of flows from raw material to global product to disposal or reuse of products that shows all the places connected through production
F.
Production of goods in a home or small workshop, typically by hand or with low technology.
G.
States with growing industrial and service economies and and increasing presence in global trade.
H.
A region in the northeastern United States that once had an extensive manufacturing industry but has been deindustrialized during the post-Fordist era.
I.
Hiring employees outside the home country of a company in order to reduce the cost of labor inputs for the good or service.
J.
Savings in cost of production that comes from increasing production of a good.
K.
Transformation of goods and services into products that can be bought, sold, or traded.
L.
Increasing connectedness between world cities from improved communication and transportation networks
M.
An area of economic production that is located inland and is connected to the world by a port.
N.
Cost advantages created when similar businesses cluster in the same location. For example, car manufacturers cluster in a city or region to tap into a skilled labor force and access infrastructure, services, and technology.
O.
Benefit a service or product receives by being the first to market.
P.
The merging of businesses that serve different steps in one commodity chain.
Q.
Connection point in a network, where goods and ideas flow in, out, and through the network.
R.
Tapping into companies that specialize in production around the world to manufacture goods.
S.
Manufacturing system in which raw materials are brought into a central location and component parts and the final product are produced at the same location and then shipped globally.
T.
Understanding the distribution of cities, industries, services, or consumers with the goal of explaining why places are chosen as sites of production or consumption. The von Thünen model is an example.
Type the Term that corresponds to the displayed Definition.
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21.
Processes heightening interactions, increasing interdependence, and deepening relations across country borders.
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22.
Cluster of inventions and innovations that brought large-scale economic changes in agriculture, commerce- and manufacturing in late eighteenth century Europe.
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23.
The movement of production from one site to another based on the place-based cost advantages of the new site.
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24.
Determining the location of manufacturing based on minimizing three critical expenses: labor, transportation, and agglomeration. Model developed by Alfred Weber.
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25.
Area to which an innovation diffuses and from which the innovation diffuses more broadly.
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26.
Decline in industry in a region or economy. Happens when companies move industry to other regions or mechanize production.
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27.
Difficulty in time and cost that usually comes with increasing distance.
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28.
Steps in the production of a good from its design and raw materials to its production, marketing, and distribution.
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29.
Production system in which parts are delivered as needed to the assembly line so that parts are not warehoused, stored, or overproduced.
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30.
Economic system where people, corporations, and states produce goods and services and trade them on the world market with the goal of making a profit.

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