Section 11 Word Scramble
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| Term | Definition |
| classical conditioning (Ivan Pavlov) | unconditioned stimulus(meat) produces an unconditioned response(drooling). When a neutral stimulus is associated with the unconditioned stimulus it becomes a conditioned stimulus(bell) capable of producing a conditioned response(drooling, no meat present) |
| operant conditioning (BF Skinner) | shaping of behavior with reinforcement (reward) and punishment- behaviors that are reinforced (rewarded) will continue and increase, behaviors that are punished will decrease and stop. |
| positive reinforcement | rewarding by giving something good |
| negative reinforcement | rewarding by taking away something bad |
| positive punishment | punishing by applying something bad |
| negative punishment | punishing by taking away something good |
| primary reinforcers | natural, universal reinforcers such as food, water, and sex |
| secondary reinforcers | learned reinforcers such as grades, trophies, and money |
| generalization | tendency to respond to a stimulus that is similar to the conditioned stimulus in classical conditioning or similar to the original reinforcement in operant conditioning |
| discrimination | ability to distinguish between different stimuli in classical conditioning or different reinforcements in operant conditioning and not respond accordingly |
| fixed interval | for example, first response after very two minute period has passed |
| variable interval | for example, first response after average two minute intervals, but intervals could range from a few seconds to several minutes |
| fixed ratio | for example, every fifth response |
| variable ratio | for example, every fifth response on average, but could range from 1 to 10 responses |
| observational learning | albert bandura- learning by watching others- social learning, modeling- vicarious reinforcement and vicarious punishment |
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