Apsy 211 exam 1 Word Scramble
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| question/term | answer/definition |
| Applied Research | research designed to be used in real world situations |
| Basic Research | research directed at understanding the fundamental aspects of a phenomenon |
| Confirmation Bias | cognitive bias where a person seeks information that confirms their belief and does not seek info that would go against their beliefs |
| Critical thinking skills | ability to determine what info is required to tackle a question or problem |
| empirical research | research in which data is collected through systematic observation |
| hindsight bias | a cognitive bias in which a person feels they predicted the outcome of an event when they really did not |
| introspection | using ones own thoughts as evidence for the nature of psychological phenomena |
| Law of small numbers | more likely to get an extreme result when sample size is small, than when it is large |
| nonempirical research | a method for gaining knowledge that isn't systematic or scientific, such as personal experience or opinion |
| outlier | an unusual data point; extreme score |
| pseudoscience | the presentation of info that is intended to look as though it is based on scientific observation when it is not |
| replication | the repetition of an experiment that uses the exact same methodology |
| scientific method | a method of systematic observation that enables a person to test a hypothesis |
| What are the characteristics of a good scientist? | skepticism open mindedness objectivity empiricism creativity communication |
| Why is science in the media different? | media tends to make things sound scientific or factual when there is no real evidence to back it up. subconcious clues such as big words, lab coats, statistics |
| Anecdotal evidence | relying on our own or others personal experiences |
| What skills of research will be helpful to future careers? | Critical thinking skills project management problem solving analytical skills interpretation of numerical information communication skills |
| Barnum effect | tendency for people to believe that very general statements apply specifically to them ex. horoscopes |
| between-subjects design | experimental design in which each participant only recieves 1 level of the independent variable |
| conceptual definition | a definition of a variable that relates to the study; determined by the researcher |
| constant | a factor that is not a variable, ie doesn't change |
| correlational design | an experimental design in which the extent to which variables vary together in a study; does not imply causation |
| data | pieces of information |
| debriefing | revelation of the true purpose of a study that is given to participants after the study is over |
| dependent variables | a variable that is measured by the researcher; not manipulated |
| empirical | use of observation to gather info to answer a research question |
| experimental design | research design that allows the researcher to infer cause and effect relationships between variables |
| hypothesis | a testable prediction |
| independent variable | a variable that is manipulated as part of an experiment; has multiple levels or conditions |
| informed consent | a participants agreement to participate in the study after being told what is to be expected from the study |
| levels | different variations of the Independent variable determined by the researcher |
| nonexperimental design | design used when the independent variable cannot be manipulated see also: quasi-experimental |
| Oscam's razor | the simplest explanation is usually the best one; cutting away unnecessary parts of an explanation |
| operational definition | how variables will be used in a study |
| research journal | peer reviewed periodical with a collection of articles in a given field |
| scientific law | an observation that has been replicated many times with the same results |
| scientific theory | a conclusion about some aspect of the natural law based on repeated hypotheseis testing |
| variables | aspects that are either manipulated or measured by the researcher |
| within subjects design | an experimental design in which all participants receive all levels of the independent variable |
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