Ch 14 epidemiology Word Scramble
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| Term | Definition |
| ACUTE | A disease in which symptoms develop rapidly but last for only a short time |
| CHRONIC | An illness that develops slowly and is likely to continue or recur for long periods. |
| Amensalism | A symbiotic relationship in which one symbiont is harmed while the second is neither harmed nor benefited. |
| Biological vectors | These organisms not only transmit pathogens but also serve as hosts for the multiplication of a pathogen during some stage of its life cycle |
| COMMENSALISM | A symbiotic relationship in which two organisms live in association and one is benefited while the other is neither benefited or harmed. |
| COMMUNICABLE DISEASE | Any disease that can be spread from one host to another |
| CONTACT TRANSMISSION | The spread of disease by direct or indirect contact or via droplets |
| CONTAGIOUS DISEASE | A disease that is easily spread from one person to another. |
| Direct contact | Transmission of infectious disease involving person-to-person spread by bodily contact. |
| DISEASE | Any change from a state of health. |
| Droplet | A type of contact transmission where pathogens can be transmitted during exhalation, sneezing, and coughing and travel less than 1 meter. |
| ENDEMIC | A disease that is constantly present in a certain population |
| endogenous | A HAI derived from normal microbiota that become opportunistic while the patient is in the health care setting |
| EPIDEMIC | A disease acquired by many hosts in a given area in a short time. |
| ETIOLOGY | The study of the cause of a disease. |
| exogenous | A HAI acquired from the health care environment, such as in air-conditioning systems or on bedrails |
| Fomites | Inanimate objects inadvertently used to transfer pathogens |
| iatrogenic | A HAI induced by treatment or medical procedures, such as surgery |
| INCIDENCE | The fraction of the population that contracts a disease during a particular period of time. |
| incubation period | The time between an infection and occurrence of the first symptoms. |
| Indirect contact | Transmission that occurs when pathogens are spread from one host to another via fomites |
| INFECTION | The invasion or growth of microorganisms in the body. |
| LATENT | A disease characterized by a period of no symptoms when the pathogen is inactive. |
| Mechanical vectors | These organisms are not required as hosts by the pathogens they transmit |
| morbidity | An injury sufficient to interfere with normal functioning of the body, or any change from a state of health. |
| MUTUALISM | A type of symbiosis in which both organisms or populations are benefited. |
| NONCOMMUNICABLE DISEASE | A disease that is not transmitted from one person to another. |
| NOSOCOMIAL | An infection that develops during the course of a hospital stay and was not present at the time the patient was admitted. |
| OPPORTUNISTIC PATHOGENS | A microorganisms that does not ordinarily cause a disease but can become pathogenic under certain circumstances. |
| PANDEMIC | An epidemic that occurs worldwide. |
| PARASITISM | An organism that exploits a host without providing any benefit in return. |
| Parenteral route | A means by which portals of entry can be circumvented. |
| PATHOGEN | A disease-causing organism. |
| PATHOGENESIS | The manner in which a disease develops. |
| PATHOGENICITY | The ability of a microorganism to cause disease by overcoming the defenses of a host. |
| PATHOLOGY | The scientific study of disease. |
| PORTAL OF ENTRY | Avenue by which a pathogen gains access to the body. |
| PORTAL OF EXIT | Route by which a pathogen leaves the body. |
| PREDISPOSING FACTOR | Anything that makes the body more susceptible to a disease or alters the course of a disease. |
| PREVALENCE | The fraction of a population having a specific disease at a given time. |
| prodromal period | Short time preceding illness of generalized, mild symptoms, such as malaise. |
| Resident | Microbiota present on/in the body from birth to death. |
| SIGN | A change due to a disease that a person can observe and measure. |
| SPORADIC | A disease that occurs occasionally in a population. |
| SUBACUTE | A disease with symptoms that are intermediate between acute and chronic. |
| SYMPTOM | A change in body function that is felt by a patient as a result of disease. |
| SYNDOME | A specific group of signs or symptoms that accompany a disease. |
| Transient | Microbiota living in or on the body for a limited time before disappearing. |
| VEHICLE | Transmission of a disease by an inanimate reservoir. |
| Zoonosis | Diseases that spread naturally from animals to humans |
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drmicro
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