Chapter 1 Word Scramble
H H T A R E
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| Term | Definition |
| Diffusion | Spread of an idea, innovation, or technology from its hearth to other people and places. |
| Pandemic | An outbreak of a disease that spreads worldwide. |
| Hierarchical Diffusion | Spread of an idea or innovation from one person or place to another person or place based on a hierarchy of connectedness. Specific type of expansion diffusion. |
| Physical Geography | One of the two major divisions of geography; the spatial analysis of physical phenomena, including climate, environmental hazards, weather systems, animals, and topography. |
| Hearth | Area or place where an idea, innovation, or technology originates. |
| Geographic concepts | Mental categories used to organize and analyze the world spatially. |
| Fieldwork | Observations researchers make of physical and cultural landscapes with a focus on seeing similarities and differences. |
| Perception of Place | How a place is envisioned. |
| Expansion Diffusion | The spread of an idea or innovation from its hearth across space without the aid of people moving. |
| Human-environment interactions | The reciprocal (mutually affecting each other) relationship between humans and the physical world |
| Environmental determinism | Set of theories that use environmental differences to explain everything from intelligence to wealth. |
| Global Positioning System (GPS) | Satellite-based system for determining the absolute location of places or geographic features. |
| Epidemic | Widespread, rapid diffusion of disease among a people in a particular location or region at a particular time. |
| Possibilism | Theory in geography that humans, not environment, shape culture. |
| Human Geography | One of the two major divisions of geography; the spatial analysis of human phenomena, including population, cultures, activities, and landscapes. |
| Accessibility | Ease of flow between two places. |
| Region | Area of Earth identified as sharing a formal, functional, or perceptual commonality that makes it different from regions around it (one of the five themes of geography). |
| Spatial perspective | Looking at where things occur, why they occur where they do, and how places are interconnected. |
| Absolute location | Precise location of a place, usually defined by latitude and longitude. |
| Stimulus Diffusion | A process of diffusion where two cultural traits blend to create a distinct trait. |
| Relative location | The location of a place or attribute in reference to another place or attribute. |
| Context | The physical and human geographies creating the place, environment, and space in which events occur and people act. |
| Movement | Mobility of people, goods, and services across Earth (one of the five themes of geography). |
| Culture | Group of belief systems, norms, and values practiced by a people. |
| Activity spaces | Places within the rounds of daily activity. |
| Functional Region | Area of land defined as sharing a common purpose in society. |
| Nodes | Connection point in a network, where goods and ideas flow in, out, and through the network. |
| Mental maps | Maps of an area made from memory or experience by individuals or groups (also known as cognitive maps). |
| Globalization | Processes heightening interactions, increasing interdependence, and deepening relations across country borders. |
| Connectivity | Position of a place or area relative to others in a network. |
| Cartography | The art and science of making maps. |
| Carrying capacity | The idea that land can hold a measurable amount of plant and animal life. |
| Geographic Information Systems (GIS) | A system of computer hardware and software designed to show, analyze, and represent geographic data (data that have locations). |
| Formal Region | Area of land with common cultural or physical traits. |
| Distance | the measured physical space between places |
| Cultural Ecology | Study of the historical interaction between humans and environment in a place, including ways humans have modified and adapted to environment. |
| Spatial distribution | Physical locations of geographic phenomena, usually shown on a map. |
| Thematic maps | A map that tells a story, typically showing the degree of some attribute or the movement of a geographic phenomenon using map symbols. |
| Sense of Place | Infusing a place with meaning as a result of experiences in a place. |
| Patterns | Description of the spatial distribution of a human or physical phenomenon (e.g., scattered or concentrated). |
| Terra Incognita | Areas on maps that are not well defined because they are off limits or unknown to the map maker. |
| Scale | Geographical scope (local, national, or global) in which we analyze and understand a phenomenon. |
| Location | Position on Earth, including both absolute location and relative location (one of the five themes of geography). |
| Rescale | Changing the geographical scope at which a problem is addressed by engaging decision makers and gatekeepers at another scale. |
| Reference maps | Maps showing absolute location of places and geographic features. |
| Contagious Diffusion | Spread of an idea or innovation from one person or place to another person or place based on proximity. Specific type of expansion diffusion. |
| Remote sensing | A method of collecting data or information through the use of instruments (e.g., satellites) that are physically distant from the area of study. |
| Culture Complex | A group of interrelated cultural traits, such as prevailing dress codes and cooking and eating utensils. |
| Cultural traits | A learned belief, norm, or value passed down through generations in a culture. |
| Geography | The spatial study of people, place, space, and environment. |
| Location theory | Understanding the distribution of cities, industries, services, or consumers with the goal of explaining why places are chosen as sites of production or consumption. The von Thünen model is an example. |
| Cultural landscape | The visible human imprint on the landscape. |
| Relocation Diffusion | Spread of an idea or innovation from its hearth by the act of people moving and taking the idea or innovation with them. |
| Sequent occupance | imprints left on the cultural landscape by a series of successive societies. Each society contributed to the cumulative cultural landscape. |
| Place | Uniqueness of a location (one of the five themes of geography). |
| Perceptual/Vernacular Region | Area of land that an individual perceives as being similar. And that has such strong significance to the people in the area that it becomes the lens through which they see their world and a way people identify themselves. |
| Spatial Interaction | Degree of connectedness or contact among people or places. |
| Political Ecology | An approach to studying human-environment interactions in the context of political, economic, and historical conditions operating at multiple scales. |
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