In each blank, try to type in the
word that is missing. If you've
typed in the correct word, the
blank will turn green.
If your not sure what answer should be entered, press the space bar and the next missing letter will be displayed. When you are all done, you should look back over all your answers and review the ones in red. These ones in red are the ones which you needed help on. Question: CBC w/o Answer: 1. evaluate hematology system
2. identify blood loss (Hbg, Hct)
3. identify infection, allergy immunosuppress, or (WBC)
4. Identify bleeding (platelet count) Question: CBC with Answer: breaks down WBC: , basophils, eosinophils, monocytes, lymphocytes Question: Answer: bands, "shift to the left", decreased level indicative of immunosuppressed, risk Question: basophilsAnswer: allergic Question: Answer: reaction Question: Answer: phagocytes, incrased in presence of bacterial Question: Answer: T-cell: cellular type immune reaction (HIV);
B-cell: antibody Question: Chemistry Answer: Na, Cl, BUN, K, CO2, Cr, and Question: 10Answer: Na, Cl, BUN, K, CO2, Cr, , Ca, Mg, Phos Question: NaAnswer: 135-145 : ; determinant serum osmolality. Question: Answer: 95-105: follows Na losses and serves as a buffer in acid-base balance. Question: BUNAnswer: 10-20; renal function; liver as urea is an end product of protein metabolism. Question: K Answer: 3.5-5 Question: CO2Answer: 23-30; anion, acid-base balance. Question: Answer: 0.5 - 1.2 ; use to diagnose renal function. Question: Answer: 70-110 ; elevated in physiologic stress, DM, food. Question: CaAnswer: normal varies; bone synthesis; parathyroid function, renal failure, malnutrition, osteoporosis, blood loss. Question: Answer: 1.8 -2.2 ; mg , organ function esp. cardiac. Question: PhosAnswer: 3.0 - 4.5 with calcium, parathyroid function. Question: StudiesAnswer: PTT, aPTT, PT, INR Question: thromboplastin time (PTT)Answer: 60-70 secs. measures the intrinsic system of the clotting cascade, a common pathway of clot formation. : prolong cloting time(risk bleeding). Factors: I, II, V, VIII, IX, X, XI, XII Question: PTT (aPTT)Answer: 30-40 sec. shorter than PTT test.
with heparin, elevated mean heparin works in preventing clots. w/o heparin, elevated time indicates coagulopathy (not clotting properly) and possible liver function. Question: Time (PT)Answer: 11 - 12.5 secs. evaluate extrinsinc factors I, II, V, VII, X. Elevate due to Coumadin, hepatocellular liver disease, biliary disease. Question: International Ratio (INR)Answer: developed by WHO. Evaluated for therapeutic anticoagulation for DVT tx, status-post ortho sx, prevention of emboli in afib pt, mgmt of pul , and prosthetic valve prophylaxis, indicator of abnormal clotting time and coagulopathy. Question: Function Test (LFT)Answer: Alk Phos, , AST, ALT, GGT. Question: Alkaline (Alk Phos)Answer: identifies disease and types of bone malignancies. Question: aminotransferase (ALT)Answer: identifies hepatocellular . Question: aminotransferase (AST) or (SGOT)Answer: in hepatocellular disease, cardiac injury, or skeletal muscle injury. Question: glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT)Answer: indicator in alcohol abuse and hepatobiliary .
Question: BilirubinAnswer: = sum of indirect (unconjugated) and direct (conjugated) levels; evaluates liver functions. Question: Cardiac MarkersAnswer: CK (CPK), I and T, and Myoglobin Question: Kinase (CK) (CPK)Answer: an found in brain tissue, skeletal and heart muscle, but CK-MB(CK-Muscle & Brain) is specific to heart muscle damaage. Level rise in muscle or nerve cell injuries. Question: Troponin I and Answer: specific to heart muscle damage; gold for cardiac ischhemia, injury, and infarction. Question: Answer: found in muscle damage, therefore not cardiac specific marker. Value rise in people who run marathons, suffer skeletal muscle trauma, or Myocardial infarction. Question: Inflammation Answer: ESR and Question: ESR - sedimentation rateAnswer: not specific indicator of inflammation or disease process, but help if sx is vague. use to tx of illness or disease. Question: CRP - C-reactive Answer: non specific to inflmmation. elevated in the presense of bacterial and tissue necrosis. It appears more rapidly than ESR. Question: PanelAnswer: Cholesterol, HDL, LDL, Question: Answer: <200 mgdL; elevated = hyperlipidemia (HLD), the risk of heart disease and HTN. Question: Low-density (LDL)Answer: 60-180 mg/dL; bad cholesterol; High indicates risk for heart disease Question: High-density (HDL)Answer: Male: >45; female:>55; good cholesterol; remove cholesterol from tissues. low level indicates risk for disease Question: (TG)Answer: fat in the ; High level indicates risk for heart disease Question: Osmolality Answer: 285-295 mmol/kg; concentration of dissolved particles in blood. amt of free water inversely proportion to osmolality.
H2O increase = osmolality decrease and vice versa. |
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