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Question: aAnswer: meaning before.

Question: abdomenAnswer:

Question: Answer:

Question: Answer: To draw away from.

Question: Answer: Move away from.

Question: Answer: abnormal or malformed.

Question: Answer: The premature expulsion of the or fetus.

Question: criminal Answer: An illegal .

Question: abortionAnswer: Some of conception remain.

Question: inevitable Answer: No possibility will go term.

Question: abortionAnswer: died at less than 20 weeks and is retained in the uterus.

Question: abortionAnswer: An occurring naturally.

Question: abortionAnswer: Abortion induced in medical .

Question: abortionAnswer: Pregnancy may , or go full term.

Question: Answer: Scraping off of some of the .

Question: abruptio Answer: Premature separation of placenta from wall, with massive hemorrhage, during the third trimester.

Question: abscessAnswer: A of pus in a sac.

Question: absolute periodAnswer: Early of cardiac repolarization, wherein the heart muscle cannot be stimulated to depolarize

Question: absorptionAnswer: Passage of a substance thru a membrane into .

Question: ACAnswer: for alternating current.

Question: Answer: Abbreviation "before meals."

Question: Answer: Cavity in which head of rotates.

Question: breathAnswer: Sweet breath found in diabetic .

Question: Answer: Chemical mediator of the parasympathetic nervous .

Question: acidAnswer: A with a pH less than 7.0

Question: Answer: Acid base of the body characterized by a pH less than 7.35.

Question: immunodeficency syndrome (AIDS)Answer: A viral illness characterized by severe impairment of the body's defense system.

Question: charcoalAnswer: A substance used to ingested poisons.

Question: Answer: Having rapid onset, severe symptoms, and duration.

Question: abdomenAnswer: Irritation of the lining.

Question: myocardial infarction (AMI)Answer: Death (necrosis) of tissue caused by cardiac ischemia.

Question: respiratory insufficiencyAnswer: Any condition in which breathing is inadequate to oxygen to or remove carbon dioxide from body tissues.

Question: addictionAnswer: compulsive, dependence fo subtance.

Question: adductionAnswer: toward the median line of the body.

Question: ad Answer: An abbreviation "as desired."

Question: AdrenalinAnswer: A name for epinephrine.

Question: adrenalsAnswer: pair of glands situated on the kidneys.

Question: Answer: Referring to the sympathetic nervous system. It derives from the word (by the kidney).

Question: Answer: of a substance onto surface of another.

Question: afebrileAnswer: Without

Question: Answer: Placenta.

Question: Answer: Clumping together of red cells.

Question: agonalAnswer: Pertaining to the of dying.

Question: air Answer: An air bubble introduced into the .

Question: air Answer: Another term for .

Question: Answer: Pertaining to or containing ; one addicted to alcohol.

Question: tractAnswer: The digestive tract as a .

Question: alkalineAnswer: Having a pH greater than 7.0; in physiology, a pH greater than 7.35.

Question: Answer: An abnormal condition of acid base balance where the body has too much .

Question: allergenAnswer: Substance that produces allergic in patients.

Question: Answer: to substance that causes adverse symptoms.

Question: alopeciaAnswer: .

Question: particleAnswer: charged subatomic particle.

Question: alpha Answer: A center located in the walls of small arteries veins that, when stimulated by (sympathetic) drugs, the vessels to constrict.

Question: stimulatorAnswer: Drug or hormone that activates alpha , e.g., norepinephrine.

Question: current (AC)Answer: An electric current whose direction at regular .

Question: alveoliAnswer: The saccular units at the end of the .

Question: amenorrheaAnswer: of menstruation.

Question: Answer: An abbreviation for acute myocardial .

Question: aminophyllineAnswer: Drug used to relax smooth in air passages.

Question: amnesiaAnswer: Loss of .

Question: fluidAnswer: surrounding the fetus in the uterus.

Question: sacAnswer: Sac that holds the fetus suspended in amniotic. Bag of .

Question: Answer: A barbiturate hypnotic drug.

Question: amplitudeAnswer: Height, usually of an ECG wave or .

Question: ampuleAnswer: A glass container of sterile medication.

Question: Answer: of a part of the body.

Question: Answer: An that relieves pain.

Question: anaphylactic Answer: An exaggerated reaction with severe bronchospasm and vascular collapse.

Question: Answer: Severe, generalized body .

Question: Answer: Joining together of two tubelike structures, such as intestines or vessels.

Question: anatomicAnswer: Pertaining to anatomy or the of an organism.

Question: Answer: The study of body .

Question: Answer: State where the red blood or hemoglobin are deficient.

Question: anesthesiaAnswer: Loss of sensation of pain.

Question: aneurysmAnswer: A sac or bulge resulting from the of the of a blood vessel or ventricle.

Question: anginaAnswer: Any marked by attacks of choking or suffocation.

Question: angina Answer: Sudden pain from myocardial .

Question: anginaAnswer: Angina pectoris characterized by with a predictable pattern.

Question: unstable angina (preinfarction ) Answer: Angina pectoris by a , unpredictable pattern of pain, which may signal an impending acute myocardial infarction.

Question: AngiocathAnswer: A teflon inserted over a needle.

Question: angiogramAnswer: Radiographic depiction of blood .

Question: angioneurotic Answer: caused hives or swelling of various tissues.

Question: of LouisAnswer: Prominence on the sternum that lies opposite the space.

Question: Answer: A negatively ion.

Question: Answer: Inequality of the size of the .

Question: anomalyAnswer: Any feature that departs significantly from the .

Question: Answer: Lack of .

Question: anoxiaAnswer: Lack of in the tissues.

Question: Answer: Opposition between the effects of .

Question: anteAnswer: A meaning "before."

Question: Answer: Situated in of the forearm.

Question: Answer: Prior to .

Question: antepartumAnswer: Prior to .

Question: Answer: in front of or in the forward part of.

Question: antiarrhythmic Answer: Drugs given to prevent or terminate dysrhythmias.

Question: antibioticAnswer: Agent that kills or inhibits the of bacteria.

Question: Answer: Protein that destroys or inactivates the .

Question: Answer: Substance that the coagulation of blood.

Question: Answer: Used to the effects of a drug or a poison.

Question: antigenAnswer: Agent that the formation of specific protective proteins called antibodies.

Question: antihypertensive Answer: Drugs used to blood pressure,

Question: Answer: A drug that reduces .

Question: Answer: A that prevents the growth of bacteria.

Question: antiserumAnswer: A that contains antibodies against a specific producing agent.

Question: Answer: Outlet of the .

Question: anxietyAnswer: A feeling of , uncertainty, and fear.

Question: Answer: Largest artery , originating from the left .

Question: aortic Answer: Portion of the aorta that curves and to descend.

Question: Answer: Lack of or interest.

Question: apex of the Answer: The end of the ventricles.

Question: scoreAnswer: A method of assessing the .

Question: Answer: Defect in speaking or comprehending in fashion.

Question: aphasiaAnswer: Loss of or some component thereof.

Question: aphasiaAnswer: The loss of .

Question: Answer: Loss of .

Question: apicalAnswer: Pertaining to or at the apex of the heart.

Question: apical Answer: Pulse obtained by auscultating over the apical portion of the .

Question: apneaAnswer: Absence of .

Question: apothecary Answer: A of weights and liquid measures utilizing pounds, pints, quarts, fluid ounces, fluidrams, minims, ounces, drams, and grains.

Question: appendicitisAnswer: Inflammation of the .

Question: appendixAnswer: Wormlike structure attached to the , in the right quadrant of the abdomen.

Question: aqueous Answer: The fluid in the chamber of the eye.

Question: arachnoidAnswer: Middle meningeal .

Question: arrestAnswer: A , usually referring to pulse or respiration.

Question: arrhythmiaAnswer: A disturbance in the normal of the heart.

Question: bloodAnswer: Oxygenated .

Question: arterioleAnswer: A small blood vessel that oxygenated blood.

Question: Answer: Pathological condition in which the arterial become thickened and inelastic.

Question: Answer: Blood vessel that blood away from the heart.

Question: Answer: Pain in one or more .

Question: arthritisAnswer: An inflammatory of the joints.

Question: Answer: A where two bones meet to form a joint.

Question: Answer: An product; noise or interference in an ECG

Question: aortaAnswer: of the aorta that rises out of heart.

Question: Answer: Accumulation of fluid in the cavity.

Question: asepsisAnswer: Technique of preventing bacterial contamination of a or instrument.

Question: Answer: Suffocation; a condition by hypercarbia hypoxemia.

Question: aspirateAnswer: To inhale foreign material into the lungs; to remove by .

Question: Answer: A condition characterized by dyspnea, bronchoconstriction, plugs, and wheezing.

Question: asymptomaticAnswer: Showing no .

Question: Answer: Absent contractions; "straight line ECG."

Question: ataxiaAnswer: Inability to coordinate the muscles; gait.

Question: Answer: A collapse of the alveolar air of the lungs.

Question: Answer: A common type of arteriosclerosis the coronary and cerebral arteries.

Question: Answer: The cervical vertebra.

Question: arrhythmiaAnswer: Arrhythmia arising in the SA node or tissue.

Question: depolarizationAnswer: Electric process atrial contraction, represented on the ECG by the P wave.

Question: fibrillationAnswer: A dysrhythmia characterized by discharge of multiple atrial ectopic foci and an irregular ventricular rhythm.

Question: atrial Answer: A dysrhythmia characterized by the rapid of an atrial ectopic focus, with varying degrees of AV block.

Question: repolarizationAnswer: The process of recharging depolarized atrial muscle, represented by the T wave.

Question: atrial Answer: contraction precedeing ventricular contraction.

Question: block (AV block)Answer: Condition where passage of from the atrium through the AV junction is hindered or prevented altogether.

Question: atrioventricular dissociation (AV )Answer: Condition where atria and ventricles independently; complete heart block.

Question: atrioventricular junction (AV )Answer: Portion of conduction system of the heart located in the interventricular septum that conducts the impulse from the atria to the bundle of His.

Question: node (AV node)Answer: Structure located in the atrioventricular junction that slows through the AV junction.

Question: Answer: A thin walled, upper chembers of the .

Question: atrophyAnswer: A away of tissue.

Question: atropineAnswer: A parasympathetic blocking , increases heart rate

Question: nerveAnswer: The eighth cranial nerve, mediates hearing and body balance.

Question: auraAnswer: A sensation of impending illness. Term used in connection with attack.

Question: Answer: An old term formerly used for .

Question: auscultationAnswer: The of listening for and interpreting sounds that occur within the body, usually with a stethoscope.

Question: automaticityAnswer: The initiation of depolarizing electric impulses by pacemaker sites within the electric conduction system of the heart.

Question: nervous systemAnswer: Nervous system that controls involuntary body . The sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems.

Question: Answer: Redirecting the 's own blood from one part of the body to another.

Question: Answer: An for atrioventricular.

Question: avulsionAnswer: Injury that a piece of tissue either partially or completely torn away from the body.

Question: Answer: Armpit.

Question: AxisAnswer: cervical vertebra.

Question: reflexAnswer: A reflex response of the big toe seen in with injury to the brain. When the sole of the foot is struck with a sharp object, the big toe turns upward, instead of in the normal downward direction.

Question: ball and jointAnswer: A type of joint found in the hip and .

Question: bandageAnswer: A material used to hold a in place.

Question: barbiturateAnswer: A class of drugs that a calming, sedative effect

Question: Answer: A that dissociates to form hydroxyl ions (OH ); a solution having a pH greater than 7.0

Question: life supportAnswer: The ABC's without adjunctive .

Question: 's signAnswer: A bluish discoloration over the tip of the bone behind the ear, signifying basilar skull fracture.

Question: Answer: A trade name for diphenhydramine, an drug.

Question: Answer: Cramps in the abdomen and limbs caused by bubbles of gas in the blood, associated with rapid ascent from deep in diving.

Question: benignAnswer: Noncancerous; nonmalignant; not .

Question: BenzedrineAnswer: A trade name for preparations of .

Question: beta Answer: Negatively charged subatomic particle, with greater penetrating ability than an alpha particle.

Question: beta Answer: A nerve center located in the myocardium, blood vessels, or bronchi that, when stimulated, causes an increase in cardiac rate and contractile force, vasodilation, and .

Question: beta Answer: Any agent that activates the beta of the body, e.g., isoproterenol.

Question: bevelAnswer: The edge of the point of a hollow needle.

Question: Answer: Any salt having two equivalents of carbonic acid to one of any basic substance; often used as an name for sodium bicarbonate.

Question: Answer: The large muscle of the front part of the upper arm, bends the forearm at the elbow.

Question: Answer: An abbreviation "twice a day."

Question: bifurcationAnswer: into two branches.

Question: Answer: A in which every other beat is a premature contraction.

Question: bileAnswer: The fluid secreted by; the liver, concentrated and stored in the gallbladder, and discharged into the , where it aids in the digestion of fats.

Question: biologic Answer: See .

Question: biopsyAnswer: The removal of a piece of tissue for microscopic.

Question: Answer: Transmission of physiologic data, e.g., an ECG, from the patient to a distant point of .

Question: bivalentAnswer: two charges, e.g., Ca++ (calcium ion)

Question: Answer: An organ of the urinary system, located in the pelvis just behind the pubic bone, that urine produced by the kidneys.

Question: blind Answer: The type of reaction seen in situations of mass casualties in an individual's judgment is severely impaired.

Question: Answer: A drug that counteracts or inhibits the action of another drug or agent. For example, atropine is a blocker.

Question: pressure (BP)Answer: The pressure exerted by the flow of blood against the arterial walls.

Question: diastolic blood Answer: pressure measured during the ventricular relaxation (diastole).

Question: systolic blood Answer: Blood pressure measured ventricular contraction (systole).

Question: blood Answer: One of the several groups into which human blood is divided according to its .

Question: blood Answer: The total amount of blood in the heart and blood vessels, representing about 8 to 9 percent of the body .

Question: showAnswer: Mucus and blood passed from the when labor begins.

Question: bolusAnswer: A single, large loading dose of a drug that provides an initially therapeutic blood level.

Question: Answer: An abbreviation for pressure.

Question: bradycardiaAnswer: A slow heart rate, less than 60 per .

Question: brainAnswer: The organ located in the skull that controls all body functions and is the seat of .

Question: breech Answer: A in which the presenting part is the buttocks or foot.

Question: bronchioleAnswer: Small subdivision of a bronchus, or .

Question: bronchiolitisAnswer: A condition seen in under 2 years old, characterized by dyspnea and wheezing.

Question: bronchitisAnswer: of the bronchi.

Question: Answer: Narrowing of the tubes.

Question: Answer: Widening of the tubes.

Question: Answer: An that causes dilation of the bronchi.

Question: Answer: constriction of the bronchial tree.

Question: bronchusAnswer: One of the main branches of the trachea carrying air into parts of the lung.

Question: bruiseAnswer: An injury that does not break the skin but causes rupture of small, underlying blood vessels with tissue discoloration; a contusion.

Question: Answer: to the cheek.

Question: Answer: A substance in a fluid that tends to minimize changes in pH that would otherwise result from the of acid or base to the fluid.

Question: bundle branch Answer: A in electric conduction through the right or left bundle branch from the bundle of His.

Question: branchesAnswer: The portion of the electric conduction system in the ventricles that conducts the depolarizing impulse from the bundle of His to the Purkinje network in the myocardium. They are subdivided into a bundle branch and a left bundle branch.

Question: bundle of Answer: The portion of the electric conduction system in the interventricular that conducts the depolarizing impulse from the atrioventricular junction to the right and left bundle branches.

Question: burnAnswer: An injury caused by extremes of temperature, current, or certain chemicals.

Question: first degree Answer: A burn affecting only the outer skin .

Question: second degree Answer: A burn penetrating beneath the superficial skin layers, producing and blistering.

Question: third burnAnswer: A full burn, involving all layers of the skin and underlying tissue as well, having a charred or white, leathery appearance.

Question: cachexiaAnswer: Severe malnutrition and poor health as a result of disease or lack of .

Question: cafe Answer: Choking incident, so named because its suddenness may lead to mistake it for a heart attack.

Question: calciumAnswer: A bivalent cation required for functioning of heart muscle and normal bone metabolism.

Question: cancerAnswer: A growth in any tissue that has the to invade other tissues and spread to other parts of the body.

Question: cannulaAnswer: A tube for into a blood vessel.

Question: Answer: An extremely narrow blood vessel, composed of a single layer of cells through which oxygen and nutritive material pass to the tissues. ;Capillaries form a between arterioles and venules.

Question: Answer: A cylinder gelatin container enclosing a dose of medication, in powdered form.

Question: carbohydrateAnswer: An element of food containing carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen, e.g., or starch.

Question: carbon (CO2)Answer: An end product of carbohydrate , eliminated from the body by respiration.

Question: carbon (CO)Answer: Colorless, odorless, tasteless gas produced by combustion of organic materials.

Question: carboxyhemoglobinAnswer: that is combined with carbon monoxide instead of oxygen.

Question: cardiacAnswer: to the heart; sometimes used to refer to a person who has heart disease.

Question: cardiac Answer: The sudden and unexpected cessation of adequate cardiac .

Question: asthmaAnswer: Left heart failure and pulmonary with wheezing respirations.

Question: cycleAnswer: The period from one cardiac contraction to the next. Each cardiac cycle includes ventricular contraction (systole) and (diastole).

Question: cardiac Answer: The amount of blood pumped by the heart per minute, calculated by multiplying the stroke volume times the heart rate per .

Question: cardiac Answer: A life complication of acute myocardial infarction that can involve the papillary muscle, interventricular septum, or myocardium.

Question: standstillAnswer: Asystole; absence of contractions.

Question: tamponadeAnswer: of cardiac contraction, failing cardiac output, and shock, caused by the accumulation of fluid or blood in the pericardium.

Question: cardiac Answer: The energy consumed by the heart in maintaining cardiac output. work is increased by increases in heart rate or peripheral vascular resistance.

Question: Answer: Of origin.

Question: shockAnswer: A serious complication of acute myocardial infarction in ventricular damage is so extensive that the heart is unable to maintain adequate output to vital organs.

Question: cardiopulmonary Answer: Cessation of cardiac and respiratory .

Question: cardiopulmonary (CPR)Answer: Artificial ventilation and chest compression.

Question: cardiotonic Answer: that increase the rate and force of myocardial contractions.

Question: cardiovascularAnswer: Pertaining to the heart and blood .

Question: cardiovascular Answer: Failure of the and blood vessels; shock.

Question: Answer: The use of synchronized direct current (DC) electric shock to convert tachyarrhythmias (e.g., flutter) to normal sinus rhythm.

Question: Answer: The point at the trachea bifurcates into the right and left main bronchi.

Question: Answer: One of the main of the neck supplying blood to the head.

Question: carotid Answer: A dilated area in the internal artery, usually found just above the bifurcation of the common carotid artery, containing very sensitive nerve endings that participate in regulation of heart rate and blood pressure. Massage of this area can

Question: carotid massage (CSM)Answer: The use of pressure over the carotid sinus to convert certain tachyarrhythmias, especially paroxysmal atrial tachycardia, to normal sinus rhythm.

Question: carpalsAnswer: The eight small bones of the .

Question: spasmAnswer: position of the hand in which the fingers flex in a claw like attitude and the thumb curls toward the palm; may be caused by hyperventilation.

Question: Answer: A tough, substance that covers opposable of movable joints and also forms parts of the skeleton.

Question: Answer: Opacity of the crystalline lens of the eye or its , causing impaired vision and eventually blindness.

Question: catecholamineAnswer: A substance, such as epinephrine and norepinephrine, that acts on receptors of the sympathetic system in the heart and small peripheral blood vessels to increase cardiac output and blood pressure.

Question: Answer: A tube used for fluid from various structures of the body or for irrigating hollow organs, such as the bladder.

Question: embolismAnswer: An loss of a catheter fragment in a vein from shearing of an indwelling intravenous catheter

Question: cationAnswer: A charged ion, e.g., Na+ (sodium ion).

Question: Answer: the foot end of the body.

Question: Answer: An for cubic centimeter.

Question: cecumAnswer: The first portion of the large into which the small intestine empties. The vermiform appendix is attached to it.

Question: central nervous (CNS)Answer: The brain and cord.

Question: central neurogenic Answer: An abnormal pattern of breathing seen in severe illness and injury the brain, characterized by marked tachypnea and hyperpnea.

Question: cephalicAnswer: to the head.

Question: Answer: The portion of the brain, located behind and below the cerebrum, whose general function is of movement.

Question: Answer: Relating to the .

Question: hemorrhageAnswer: into the cerebrum. This is one form of stroke or cerebrovascular accident.

Question: cerebrospinal (CSF)Answer: The that bathes the brain and spinal cord.

Question: accident (CVA)Answer: The sudden cessation of circulation to a region of the brain, caused by thrombus, embolism, or hemorrhage. It is sometimes stroke.

Question: cerebrumAnswer: The portion of the brain that controls higher functions, such as , perception, thought, and judgment.

Question: Answer: to the neck.

Question: cervixAnswer: The lower portion, or neck, of the .

Question: cesarean Answer: The delivery of a baby by an operation in an opening is made directly into the uterus through an abdominal .

Question: chemotherapyAnswer: The of a disease by drugs.

Question: Stokes respirationAnswer: An abnormal breathing pattern characterized by rhythmic waxing and waning of the depth of , with regularly occurring periods of apnea. It is seen in association with central nervous system dysfunction.

Question: CHFAnswer: An for congestive heart failure.

Question: complaintAnswer: The problem for which a patient seeks help, stated in a word or phrase.

Question: chin Answer: Technique of the airway by supporting the chin in a forward position.

Question: chlorideAnswer: A anion important in cellular function.

Question: cholesterolAnswer: A chemical found in various foods (e.g., animal tissue, egg yolks, oils and fats) that, when ingested in excess, is believed to contribute to the development of atherosclerosis.

Question: Answer: Referring to the nervous system. It is derived from the word acetycholine.

Question: chordae Answer: The that attach to the free edges of the three leaflets, or cusps, of the tricuspid valve and to the papillary muscles. The chordae are fibrous strands, shaped like umbrella stays.

Question: Answer: Of long .

Question: chronic obstructive pulmonary (COPD)Answer: A term comprising bronchitis, emphysema, and sometimes asthma illnesses that cause obstructive problems in the lower airways.

Question: Answer: Affecting the time or rate, applied especially to nerves whose or to agents whose administration affects the rate of contraction of the heart.

Question: Answer: to the heart and blood vessels.

Question: Answer: Chronic progressive fibrosis of the liver, associated with heavy alcohol ingestion.

Question: Answer: The bone, attached at right angles to the uppermost part of the sternum.

Question: clonicAnswer: Characterized by rapid contraction and relaxation of a muscle or group of .

Question: Answer: A lump or coagulum.

Question: Answer: An abbreviation for nervous system.

Question: CO2Answer: The chemical symbol for dioxide.

Question: Answer: The of changing from a liquid to a thickened or solid state; the formation of a clot.

Question: Answer: The lowest part of the spine, composed of four small, bones. It is also called the tail bone.

Question: colicAnswer: Crampy pain associated with obstruction of a organ.

Question: Answer: An inflammation of the .

Question: collateral Answer: A mesh of arteries and capillaries that furnish blood to a of tissue whose original arterial supply has been obstructed.

Question: colloidAnswer: An intravenous containing protein, e.g., albumin.

Question: colonAnswer: The intestine.

Question: Answer: The establishment of an opening between the colon and the surface of the body for the purpose of drainage of the bowel.

Question: comaAnswer: A state of unconsciousness from the patient cannot be aroused, even by powerful stimulation.

Question: Answer: with coma.

Question: communicable Answer: A disease that is readily transmissible from one to another.

Question: compensatory Answer: The R R between a premature beat and the following normal beat when this interval is longer than the R R interval between the premature beat and the preceding normal beat. If the pause is fully compensatory, the R R interval from the prema

Question: complete heart Answer: Third degree heart block; complete of electric conduction from the atria to the ventricles. The block can occur anywhere in the conduction system, from the AV junction, AV node, or bundle of His to the bundle branches. The ventricles ar

Question: Answer: A folded cloth or pad used for applying to stop hemorrhage or as a wet dressing.

Question: Answer: A jar or shock; the injury that results from a violent jar or shock.

Question: Answer: of heat to a liquid or solid object.

Question: conductivityAnswer: The potential of the electric conduction system of the heart to transmit impulses.

Question: Answer: Any condition that at or was acquired before birth.

Question: heart failure (CHF)Answer: Failure of adequate ventricular function with resulting backup of blood or fluid into the or body tissues.

Question: conjunctivaAnswer: The membrane that lines the eyelids and covers exposed surfaces of the eyeball. Normally pink in color, it may be pale in anemia or red in infection (conjunctivitis).

Question: Answer: Capable of responding to sensory stimuli and having subjective .

Question: Answer: Agreement by the patient to accept a medical .

Question: Answer: To make or narrower, e.g., constricted pupils.

Question: bandAnswer: A band used to restrict the venous flow of blood back to the heart. It is usually used in snakebites on the extremities.

Question: Answer: Narrowing, as in the term vasoconstriction, which is a narrowing of the internal diameter of the vessels.

Question: contagiousAnswer: Describing a disease that is readily transmissible from one to another.

Question: contaminatedAnswer: Infected with bacteria, such as a wound or other surface; may also refer to water, foods, or drugs.

Question: contractilityAnswer: The ability of a to contract when depolarized by an electric impulse.

Question: Answer: A shortening of a part, such as a .

Question: contraindicationAnswer: A that prohibits the use of a drug.

Question: contralateralAnswer: On the side.

Question: contusionAnswer: A ; an injury that causes a hemorrhage into or beneath the skin but does not break the skin.

Question: Answer: Mechanism by which body heat is picked up and carried away by moving air .

Question: conversion Answer: A condition in which a person unconsciously an emotional conflict into a physical symptom, such as paralysis.

Question: Answer: A violent, involuntary or series of contractions of the voluntary muscles; a "fit"; a seizure.

Question: Answer: An for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.

Question: Answer: The structure covering the pupil.

Question: coronaryAnswer: A term applied to the blood vessels of the heart that supply blood to its walls; also used to to an acute myocardial infarction.

Question: coronary artery Answer: A pathologic caused by atherosclerosis that leads to progressive narrowing and eventual obstruction of the coronary arteries.

Question: coronary Answer: An obstruction in the artery that hinders or prevents the flow of blood to some portion of the heart muscle. The term is used synonymously with heart attack.

Question: corticosteroidAnswer: One of several drugs used to counteract whose structure is similar to that of naturally occurring steroid hormones.

Question: costalAnswer: to the ribs.

Question: Answer: Pertaining to a rib and the cartilage by which it is to the sternum.

Question: CoumadinAnswer: A trade name for preparations of sodium warfarin, an drug.

Question: Answer: An abbreviation for cardiopulmonary .

Question: Answer: the head end of the body.

Question: Answer: to the skull.

Question: Answer: The .

Question: Answer: A special type of made from a large, triangular piece of cloth.

Question: crepitusAnswer: A grating sound heard and a sensation felt when the ends of a bone rub together.

Question: crib Answer: Sudden infant death syndrome, of unknown .

Question: cricothyroid Answer: The membrane between the and thyroid cartilages of the larynx.

Question: cricothyrotomyAnswer: The puncture of the membrane for the purpose of establishing an emergency airway in cases of upper airway obstruction.

Question: crisisAnswer: A critical point.

Question: Answer: A common of childhood characterized by spasm of the larynx and resulting upper airway obstruction.

Question: Answer: The stage of birth when the presenting part of the baby is at the vaginal orifice.

Question: Answer: An intravenous solution that does not contain , e.g., 5% dextrose in water (D5/W), normal saline, Ringer's solution.

Question: CSFAnswer: An abbreviation for cerebrospinal .

Question: Answer: An for carotid sinus massage.

Question: actionAnswer: Action of increased intensity evidenced several doses of a drug.

Question: cutaneousAnswer: to the skin.

Question: Answer: Surgical exposure of a vein to insert a cannula for of intravenous fluids.

Question: Answer: An abbreviation for cerebrovascular .

Question: Answer: of the skin caused by large quantities of reduced hemoglobin in the blood. It is a sign of hypoxemia.

Question: Answer: A trade name for , a narcotic analgesic.

Question: DCAnswer: An abbreviation for current.

Question: dead Answer: The portion of the tidal volume that does not reach the alveoli and thus does not participate in gas .

Question: , biologicAnswer: Irreversible brain damage, usually occurring after 3 to 10 of cardiac arrest.

Question: , clinicalAnswer: The moment the pulse and blood pressure are absent. Clinical death occurs immediately after the onset of arrest.

Question: postureAnswer: A assumed by patients with severe brain dysfunction, characterized by extension and internal rotation of the arms and extension of the legs.

Question: Answer: The failure of an organ system; most used to indicate the failure of the heart, as the result of disease, to maintain sufficient circulation of blood to meet the demands of the body.

Question: decorticate Answer: A assumed by patients with severe brain dysfunction, characterized by extension of the legs and flexion of the arms.

Question: decimalAnswer: A unit of 10; a based on 10s.

Question: ulcerAnswer: A bedsore; an eroded wound acquired by pressure on a single area of skin.

Question: Answer: The use of unsynchronized current (DC) electric shock to terminate ventricular fibrillation.

Question: Answer: A device that delivers direct current (DC) shock for the purpose of terminating ventricular fibrillation.

Question: definitive Answer: The D of the ABC D sequence in advanced life support. Definitive care includes ECG monitoring, diagnosis and treatment of cardiac dysrhythmias, defibrillation, and administration of intravenous and drugs.

Question: Answer: An alteration in the shape of a part or organ.

Question: dehydrationAnswer: The condition that from excessive loss of body water.

Question: Answer: A disturbed condition, usually resulting from fever, injury, or intoxication.

Question: tremens (DTs) Answer:

Question: Answer: The expulsion or extraction of the child at .

Question: Answer: A belief or feeling that has no in fact, seen in psychosis.

Question: DemerolAnswer: A name for meperidine, a narcotic analgesic.

Question: denialAnswer: The psychic defense mechanism of dealing with feelings or information by ignoring them. It is seen, for example, in the patient who dismisses his chest pain as "just a little indigestion.l"

Question: Answer: The condition of leaning on or requiring support from .

Question: depolarizationAnswer: The process of discharging resting cardiac muscle fibers by an electric impulse that causes them to .

Question: depolarization Answer: The electric movement produced by the progressive depolarization from the atria through the and recorded on the ECG as the P wave (atrial depolarization) and QRS complex (ventricular depolarization).

Question: Answer: A drug that the activity of the body or any of its organs.

Question: depressionAnswer: Sadness, , a decrease of functional activity.

Question: Answer: The layer of skin, containing hair follicle roots, glands, blood vessels, and nerves.

Question: dextroseAnswer: A preparation obtained by of starch, used as an intravenous nutrient.

Question: diabetes Answer: A systemic disease affecting many organs, including the pancreas, whose failure to secrete insulin causes an to metabolize carbohydrate and consequent elevations in blood sugar.

Question: diabetic Answer: A condition resulting from uncontrolled diabetes, characterized by excessive thirst, hunger, urination, vomiting, and coma, with the production of ketones in metabolism as well as an excess of organic acids.

Question: Answer: Distinguishing one disease from another; the determination of the of a disease.

Question: diaphoresisAnswer: perspiration.

Question: diaphragmAnswer: A large skeletal muscle that is a major component in the act of and that separates the chest cavity from the abdominal cavity.

Question: Answer: The of a long bone.

Question: diarrheaAnswer: An increased frequency of defecation with of watery or loose stools.

Question: Answer: The period of ventricular relaxation during which the ventricles fill with blood.

Question: diastolic pressureAnswer: The blood pressure obtained during ventricular diastole; the lowest arterial pressure between two peaks.

Question: Answer: A drug used in the treatment of seizures (trade

Question: diffusionAnswer: The passage of and chemicals through a membrane.

Question: digitalisAnswer: A drug used in the treatment of congestive heart failure and certain dysrhythmias.

Question: digitalizationAnswer: The process of giving digitalis to the point where the maximum therapeutic effects are achieved without untoward side .

Question: Answer: Toxicity from digitalis, which may be by anorexia, nausea, vomiting, yellow vision, or cardiac dysrhythmias.

Question: dilationAnswer: The condition of dilated or stretched beyond normal dimensions.

Question: DilaudidAnswer: A trade name for dihydromorphinone, a analgesic.

Question: Answer: Double .

Question: current (DC)Answer: An electric current that flows at a steady rate in a direction.

Question: direct current (DC) shockAnswer: An electric shock with a defibrillator to the heart directly or through the chest wall to terminate certain dysrhythmias, such as ventricular fibrillation, or to convert various tachyarrhythmias.

Question: discAnswer: The material that separates each of the vertebrae.

Question: dislocationAnswer: The disruption of the normal anatomy of a .

Question: Answer: A disturbed mental characterized by incoherence.

Question: Answer: A disturbed mental state characterized by confusion regarding one's to either physical surroundings, time, or person.

Question: dissecting Answer: An , or bulge, formed by the separation of the layers of the arterial wall.

Question: Answer: from a point of reference. Generally the point of reference is the heart.

Question: Answer: The state of being inflated or , particularly of the abdomen.

Question: Answer: The secretion of amounts of urine by the kidney.

Question: diureticAnswer: A drug used to promote elimination of excess extracellular by increasing the renal secretion of urine. Diuretics are often used in the treatment of congestive heart failure.

Question: DOAAnswer: Abbreviation for dead on .

Question: doll's Answer: The normal phenomenon in which the eyes move in the direction opposite to that in which the head is .

Question: dominant Answer: The sinoatrial node. pacemakers are normally secondary.

Question: Answer: Referring to the back or side of the body or an organ.

Question: Answer: A protective covering for a wound, used to stop bleeding and to contamination of the wound.

Question: duodenumAnswer: The name given to the first 11 inches of the small .

Question: duplexAnswer: A radio system more than one frequency.

Question: dura Answer: The tough that covers the brain.

Question: duty to Answer: Legal obligation of public and certain other ambulance services to to a call for help in their jurisdiction.

Question: heartAnswer: A heart that contracts weakly and ineffectively and produces an ECG showing broadening of the QRS complexes.

Question: Answer: Interference with proper articulation in .

Question: dysconjugate Answer: A gaze in the two eyes are not aligned but instead stare in different directions.

Question: Answer: Lack of function; function.

Question: Answer: Pain or during menstruation.

Question: dysphagiaAnswer: Interference with the act of swallowing; pain or in swallowing.

Question: Answer: The of difficulty in breathing, with resultant rapid, shallow respirations.

Question: Answer: A in cardiac rhythm.

Question: Answer: A flexible structure stretched across the far end of the ear canal, whose vibrations conduct to the middle ear.

Question: ECCAnswer: An abbreviation for external compressions.

Question: Answer: An of blood under the skin causing a "black and blue mark."

Question: ECFAnswer: An abbreviation for extracellular .

Question: ECGAnswer: An for electrocardiogram.

Question: Answer: A toxic condition that may occur during pregnancy, characterized by hypertension, edema, proteinuria, and ; also called toxemia of pregnancy.

Question: ectomyAnswer: A suffix meaning removal" (e.g., appendectomy).

Question: Answer: Located away from normal position, as in pregnancy or ectopic focus.

Question: ectopic Answer: A pacemaker site located in some part of the conduction system other than the sinoatrial node.

Question: ectopic Answer: A pregnancy in which the fetus is implanted elsewhere than in the , e.g., in the fallopian tube or in the abdominal cavity.

Question: edemaAnswer: The condition in which excess fluid accumulates in body tissue, by swelling.

Question: Answer: An abbreviation for .

Question: Answer: An abbreviation for eye, ear, nose, and .

Question: Answer: The leakage of fluid from into a cavity, such as into the pleural cavity.

Question: electric systemAnswer: The specialized cardiac tissue that and conducts electric impulses. The system includes the SA node, internodal atrial conduction pathways, AV junction, AV node, bundle of His, and the Purkinje network.

Question: electric Answer: The in which there are ectopic foci in the ventricles capable of producing life threatening dysrhythmias.

Question: (ECG)Answer: A display of the electric activity produced by depolarization and repolarization of the atria and ventricles.

Question: electrocardiographAnswer: An instrument that records electric currents by the heart.

Question: electrodeAnswer: A used to sense electric activity.

Question: Answer: A graph of waves.

Question: Answer: A substance whose molecules dissociate into components (ions) when placed in water.

Question: imbalanceAnswer: concentrations of serum electrolytes caused by excessive intake or loss.

Question: electromechanical Answer: The condition in which ECG complexes are present effective cardiac contractions.

Question: Answer: A syrup with and flavoring added, e.g., terpin hydrate elixir, a cough medication.

Question: Answer: leanness, a wasted condition of the body.

Question: Answer: A mass (embolus, sing.; emboli, pl.) of solid, liquid, or gaseous material that is carried in the circulation and may lead to occlusion of blood vessels, with resultant infarction and necrosis of supplied by those vessels.

Question: Answer: The fetus during the first 8 weeks after conception.

Question: emesisAnswer: .

Question: emeticAnswer: A medication that produces vomiting, e.g., syrup of .

Question: emphysemaAnswer: Infiltration of any tissue by air or gas; a chronic disease caused by distention of the alveoli and destructive changes in the lung parenchyma.

Question: Answer: A preparation of one liquid(usually an oil) distributed in small globules in another liquid (usually ) used as a lubricant.

Question: encephalitisAnswer: of the brain.

Question: endocardiumAnswer: The thin lining the inside of the heart.

Question: endotheliumAnswer: The thin, inner lining of blood .

Question: Answer: Within or through the .

Question: endotracheal Answer: The of a tube into the trachea through the mouth or nose to establish a patent airway.

Question: enteritisAnswer: Inflammation of the intestine.

Question: Answer: Process by which a venom is injected into a .

Question: Answer: A protein that acts as an organic catalyst. When myocardial tissue is damaged, enzymes from this tissue are released into the circulation, and of the blood levels of these enzymes provides evidence for acute myocardial infarction.

Question: EOAAnswer: An abbreviation for obturator airway.

Question: epicardiumAnswer: The thin membrane lining the outside of the .

Question: epidemicAnswer: Occurrence of a in many people, over a large area.

Question: epidermisAnswer: The layer of the skin.

Question: Answer: or above the dura mater, the heavy sheath that covers the brain.

Question: Answer: The upper middle region of the abdomen, within the sternal .

Question: epiglottisAnswer: A thin structure, located behind the root of the tongue, that that entrance of the larynx during swallowing, thus preventing the aspiration of food into the trachea.

Question: epiglottitisAnswer: A common illness of childhood, characterized by swelling of the epiglottis, high fever, and pain on swallowing. Complete airway obstruction may with alarming rapidity.

Question: epilepsyAnswer: A disease characterized by .

Question: epinephrineAnswer: Hormone and drug that has powerful beta stimulating properties, used in the of asthma, anaphylaxis, asystole, and fine ventricular fibrillation (trade name

Question: Answer: The end of a long bone.

Question: Answer: Nosebleed.

Question: Answer: The layer of covering the surface of body cavities.

Question: Answer: Abbreviation for room.

Question: erythrocyteAnswer: A red cell. The erythrocyte is the cellular element of blood that carries oxygen.

Question: esophageal airway (EOA)Answer: A device used to regurgitation and provide an adequate airway by blocking off the esophageal opening with a cuffed obturator and providing ventilation through a series of sideholes in the obturator tube.

Question: esophagusAnswer: The portion of the digestive tract that lies the pharynx and the stomach.

Question: estrogenAnswer: One of the of female sex hormones.

Question: ETAAnswer: Abbreviation for estimated time of .

Question: Answer: Ethyl ; the type of alcohol consumed in alcoholic beverages.

Question: Answer: The causative agent of a .

Question: eustachian Answer: The tube leading from the back of the to the middle ear,whose purpose is to equalize pressure in the middle ear.

Question: evertAnswer: To turn a part, such as the foot, .

Question: eviscerateAnswer: To remove the ; to disembowel.

Question: Answer: A flare up or worsening of a condition.

Question: excitabilityAnswer: The ability of the heart to initiate, conduct, and be stimulated by electric .

Question: excitation Answer: An electric impulse that arises automatically in the electric conduction system and causes depolarization of the muscles.

Question: exhalationAnswer: The act of breathing out; .

Question: Answer: A drug that loosens the mucus secretions of the tree and facilitates their removal.

Question: expirationAnswer: The action of breathing out; .

Question: exsanguinateAnswer: To bleed to .

Question: Answer: The movement that brings two of a limb into or toward a straight condition.

Question: chest compressionsAnswer: Mechanical depression of the lower half of the sternum with the aim of compressing the ventricles and increasing pressure, thereby squeezing blood into the systemic circulation and pulmonary circulation.

Question: extracellular (ECF)Answer: The of the total body water outside the cells, comprising the interstitial fluid and plasma.

Question: Answer: A concentrated preparation of a drug prepared by putting the drug into solution in alcohol or water and evaporating off the excess solvent to a prescribed .

Question: extraocular Answer: The of the eyes.

Question: extrasystoleAnswer: An heart beat, often a premature contraction.

Question: extravasationAnswer: Leakage of intravenous fluid into surrounding tissues, often by penetration of the opposite wall of the vein used for venipuncture.

Question: Answer: A limb; an arm or a leg.

Question: extricationAnswer: an entrapped victim.

Question: extrudedAnswer: Being pushed out of position.

Question: exudateAnswer: An accumulation of fluid in body or cavities.

Question: faciesAnswer: The expression or of the face, which may be characteristic of various disease conditions.

Question: faintingAnswer: A momentary loss of consciousness caused by insufficient blood to the brain; syncope.

Question: tubeAnswer: A tube extending from an to the uterus.

Question: Answer: Rippling movements in individual bundles.

Question: Answer: An abbreviation for Communications Commission.

Question: febrileAnswer: by fever.

Question: fecesAnswer: Bowel movement; the .

Question: femoralAnswer: Pertaining to the femur or the .

Question: femoral Answer: The main supplying the thigh and leg.

Question: Answer: The bone that from the pelvis to the knee. It is the longest and largest bone of the body.

Question: fetusAnswer: The unborn human the second month of pregnancy.

Question: Answer: Disorganized, uncoordinated movements of the heart muscle, resulting in quivering and contractions of the atria or ventricles.

Question: fibrillatory (f waves)Answer: On the ECG, waves appear as frequent, irregular waves caused by rapid, disorganized firing of multiple ectopic foci in the atria or ventricles.

Question: Answer: The formation of fibrous tissue in the of necrotic muscle.

Question: fibulaAnswer: The smaller of the two of the lower leg.

Question: Answer: Soft; limp.

Question: chestAnswer: The condition in which several ribs are , each in at least two places, or in which there is sternal fracture or separation of the ribs from the sternum, producing a free or floating segment of the chest wall that moves paradoxically on respirati

Question: Answer: The act of .

Question: fluidextractAnswer: A form of a drug prepared by dissolving the crude drug in the fluid in which it is most readily soluble. Fluidextracts are standardized so that 1 ml contains 1 gm of the drug.

Question: Answer: Repetitive, , and rapid beating of the atrial muscle.

Question: waves (F waves)Answer: Coarse, sawtooth on the ECG characteristic of atrial flutter.

Question: Answer: An abbreviation for frequency .

Question: Answer: The openings between the bones of the skull in very young . As the child grows older, the bones of the skull fuse, and the fontanelles close.

Question: Answer: Any opening through a bone or other structure of the body.

Question: Answer: The part of the extremity between the elbow and the wrist.

Question: 's positionAnswer: position.

Question: fractureAnswer: A or rupture in a bone.

Question: fractureAnswer: A fracture that does not an open wound in the skin; a simple fracture.

Question: fractureAnswer: A fracture in which the bone is shattered or crushed into small pieces.

Question: fractureAnswer: A fracture in bone ends pierce the skin; an open fracture.

Question: fractureAnswer: A type of fracture most frequently in children in which there is an incomplete breakage of the bone.

Question: impacted Answer: A fracture in the broken ends of the bone are jammed into each other.

Question: oblique Answer: An in which the fracture line crosses the bone at an oblique angle.

Question: open Answer: A fracture involving disruption of the skin over the site; a compound fracture.

Question: fractureAnswer: A fracture that does not cause disruption of the skin; a fracture.

Question: fractureAnswer: An injury in which the line twists around and through the bone.

Question: transverse Answer: An injury in the fracture line is straight across the bone at right angles to its long axis.

Question: frequencyAnswer: The number of per second of a radio channel, inversely7 related to wave length.

Question: frequency (FM)Answer: A of converting an analog signal (e.g., an ECG) into a tone of varying pitch, which can then be transmitted over radio frequencies.

Question: frequency Answer: The range of radio .

Question: Answer: Pertaining to the forehead .

Question: frontal Answer: The large, flat bone that forms the front of the .

Question: lobeAnswer: The front of the brain.

Question: frostbiteAnswer: The localized to tissues resulting from prolonged exposure to extreme cold.

Question: Answer: A potent diuretic drug used in the treatment of congestive failure (trade name

Question: fused Answer: A of bones to form a rigid structure, such as in the skull.

Question: F Answer: An for flutter waves.

Question: f wavesAnswer: An abbreviation for waves.

Question: gag Answer: Automatic of the airway in response to irritation of the throat.

Question: gaitAnswer: The way a walks.

Question: gallbladderAnswer: The sac located just beneath the liver that concentrates and bile.

Question: rayAnswer: Radioactive emission from the nucleus of an atom, with high ability.

Question: gangreneAnswer: Local tissue death as the result of or cutting off of its blood supply.

Question: gastricAnswer: to the stomach.

Question: gastrointestinalAnswer: to the stomach and intestines.

Question: gaugeAnswer: A measurement referring to the of a needle cannula. Sizes range from 12 gauge (very large) to 25 gauge (very small) needles. The larger the gauge number, the smaller the lumen of the needle.

Question: generic Answer: The name to a drug by the company that first manufactures it. It is usually a simplified version of the chemical name.

Question: Answer: The male and external sex organs.

Question: geriatricAnswer: Referring to the .

Question: gestationAnswer: .

Question: Answer: Any organ or group of cells that any type of secretion.

Question: Answer: A disease that increased pressure within the eyeball and may lead to blindness.

Question: Answer: The between the vocal cords.

Question: glucoseAnswer: A simple sugar. Its dextro form (dextrose) is used in intravenous solutions.

Question: Answer: An for gram.

Question: Good Samaritan Answer: Statute for providing limited immunity from to persons responding voluntarily and in good faith to the aid of an injured person outside the hospital.

Question: gram (gm)Answer: A unit of weight in the metric , equivalent to about 0.035 ounces.

Question: mal seizureAnswer: A generalized seizure.

Question: gravidAnswer: .

Question: Answer: The inguinal region; the junction of the abdomen with the .

Question: Answer: An abbreviation meaning ."

Question: Answer: A situation in which the effects by a drug are necessary to maintain a person's feeling of well being.

Question: Answer: A sense not founded on objective reality.

Question: hallucinogenAnswer: An agent or drug that has the to stimulate hallucinations.

Question: hb (hgb)Answer: Abbreviations for .

Question: hctAnswer: An abbreviation for .

Question: head Answer: Maneuver to open the airway by the head.

Question: attackAnswer: A layman's term for a condition resulting from blockage of a coronary artery with subsequent death of part of the heart ; an acute myocardial infarction; a "coronary."

Question: heart Answer: A condition in which the of electric impulses from the atrium through the AV junction is hindered or prevented altogether.

Question: first degree blockAnswer: A partial disruption of the conduction of the depolarizing impulse from the atria to the ventricles, causing of the P R interval.

Question: second degree heart Answer: A type of incomplete heart block in which a variable of the P waves are not followed by a QRS complex.

Question: third degree blockAnswer: Complete heart block; complete absence of conduction of the depolarizing impulse from the atria to the ventricles. An ectopic focus below the block becomes the pacemaker for the ventricles, and atrial and contractions become dissociated.

Question: heat Answer: Painful muscle cramps resulting from excessive loss of salt and through sweating.

Question: heat Answer: Prostration caused by excessive loss of water and salt sweating. It is characterized by cold, clammy skin and a weak, rapid pulse.

Question: heat Answer: A life threatening condition caused by a disturbance in the temperature mechanism. It is characterized by extreme fever, hot and dry skin, bounding pulse, and delirium or coma.

Question: Answer: blood.

Question: (hct)Answer: The percentage of a sample of whole blood occupied by red blood .

Question: Answer: A localized collection of blood in the tissues as a of injury or a broken blood vessel.

Question: hematuriaAnswer: Discharge of in the urine.

Question: Answer: on one side of the body.

Question: hemiplegiaAnswer: Paralysis of the half of the body.

Question: Answer: The process of removing certain agents from the blood by diffusion through a semipermeable membrane.

Question: (hb, hgb)Answer: The oxygen carrying pigment of the red blood cells. When it has absorbed oxygen in the lungs, hemoglobin is bright red and is oxyhemoglobin. After it has given up its oxygen in the tissues, it is purple and is called reduced hemoglobin

Question: hemolysisAnswer: The disintegration of the red blood cells resulting from some adverse factor, such as a transfusion .

Question: hemophiliaAnswer: An inherited blood disease of , characterized by inability of the blood to clot.

Question: Answer: Coughing up blood from the .

Question: hemorrhageAnswer: , particularly if excessive.

Question: hemorrhagic Answer: A state of inadequate tissue perfusion caused by loss.

Question: Answer: Stopping .

Question: hemostatAnswer: An instrument that stops hemorrhage by compressing the bleeding vessel; a type of .

Question: Answer: Bleeding into the cavity.

Question: heparinAnswer: An anticoagulant medication.

Question: hepatitisAnswer: Inflammation of the .

Question: Answer: Enlargement of the .

Question: herniaAnswer: The protrusion of any organ through an opening into a body where it does not belong. The most common is an inguinal hernia in which a loop of intestine descends into the inguinal canal in the groin.

Question: herniaAnswer: The protrusion of the stomach into the mediastinum through an opening in the . This can mimic the chest pain of angina pectoris or acute myocardial infarction.

Question: jointAnswer: A specialized joint found in the , knee, and fingers.

Question: His Purkinje Answer: The portion of the electric conduction system, located in the lower part of the septum and in the ventricular walls, that conducts the electric impulse from the AV junction to the Purkinje network in the ventricles.

Question: Answer: Information about the 's chief complaint, present symptoms, and previous illnesses.

Question: homeostasisAnswer: A tendency to constancy or in the body's internal environment.

Question: Answer: The of another's life.

Question: Answer: A substance secreted by an endocrine gland that has on other glands or organs of the body.

Question: hsAnswer: An abbreviation meaning "at ."

Question: Answer: The bone of the arm.

Question: hydrationAnswer: A state of balance in the body.

Question: hydrothoraxAnswer: Fluid in the pleural .

Question: Answer: to absorb water.

Question: hyoid Answer: A U bone in the throat just above the larynx at the base of the tongue.

Question: Answer: Excessive partial of carbon dioxide in the blood; an arterial PCO2 greater than 45 to 50 torr.

Question: Answer: blood flow to a region or tissue.

Question: Answer: Overextension of a limb or part of the body.

Question: hyperglycemiaAnswer: increased concentration of sugar in the blood.

Question: hyperkalemiaAnswer: Excessive of potassium in the blood.

Question: hyperpneaAnswer: Increased of respiration.

Question: Answer: Abnormally high fever; .

Question: hyperreflexiaAnswer: reflexes.

Question: Answer: Abnormally increased resonance to percussion, as in the chest of an .

Question: hypersensitivityAnswer: Having the ability to react with characteristic to contact with certain substances; allergy.

Question: Answer: High pressure, usually referring to a diastolic pressure greater than 90 to 95 mm Hg.

Question: Answer: Abnormally increased body ; hyperpyrexia.

Question: hypertonicAnswer: Having an osmotic pressure greater than a solution to which it is being compared, the intracellular fluid.

Question: hypertrophyAnswer: Enlargement of an organ caused by an in size of its constituent cells,k rather than an increase in the number of cells.

Question: hyperventilationAnswer: An rate and/or depth of respiration that results in abnormal lowering of the arterial carbon dioxide tension (PCO2).

Question: Answer: into the anterior chamber of the eye.

Question: hypocarbiaAnswer: Abnormally low carbon dioxide tension in the ; an arterial PCO2 less than 35 torr.

Question: Answer: diminished concentration of sugar in the blood.

Question: hypokalemiaAnswer: Abnormally low concentration of in the blood.

Question: hypopharynxAnswer: The most portion of the pharynx, which leads to the larynx and esophagus.

Question: hypotensionAnswer: Low blood .

Question: Answer: Having a body below normal.

Question: hypotonicAnswer: Having an osmotic less than a solution to which it is being compared, usually the intracellular fluid.

Question: hypoventilationAnswer: Inadequate ventilation, with a resultant rise in the PCO2 to levels above normal (higher than 45 torr).

Question: Answer: Abnormally decreased amount of blood and in the body.;

Question: Answer: oxygen in the blood; an arterial PO2 less than 60 torr.

Question: I & Answer: An abbreviation for intake and output; the of a patient's fluid intake and output.

Question: Answer: An abbreviation for intracellular .

Question: Answer: Jaundice, the yellow appearance of the skin and other tissues caused by an of bile pigments. It is often seen in liver disease.

Question: idiopathicAnswer: Of unknown .

Question: Answer: An abnormal sensitivity to a drug, to an individual.

Question: Answer: Relating to or affecting the only. An idioventricular rhythm is one that arises in the ventricles.

Question: ileumAnswer: The third portion of the intestine.

Question: iliumAnswer: The , uppermost portion of the hip bone.

Question: Answer: An abbreviation for .

Question: immobilizationAnswer: The of a part firmly in place, as by means of splints.

Question: objectAnswer: An object that has caused a puncture and that remains embedded in the wound.

Question: incisionAnswer: A wound usually made deliberately in with surgery; a clean cut, as opposed to a laceration.

Question: Answer: In blood typing, the situation in the donor and recipient blood cannot be mixed without clumping or adverse reactions.

Question: incomplete AV Answer: First or second degree block.

Question: Answer: An inability to the flow of urine or feces.

Question: Answer: The circumstances under a drug is suited for use.

Question: indwelling Answer: A plastic designed for insertion into the lumen of a tube or vessel.

Question: infarctionAnswer: Death (necrosis) of a area of tissue caused by the cutting off of its blood supply.

Question: Answer: An of the body by pathogenic microorganisms.

Question: inferiorAnswer: In anatomy, situated below, or directed downward; the surface of an organ or structure.

Question: inferior vena Answer: A major vein that empties venous blood from the extremities and abdominal organs into the right atrium.

Question: infiltrationAnswer: A deposit of fluid into the tissues, often occurring as a result of administering fluid through an IV cannula that has penetrated the wall of the vein.

Question: Answer: A tissue reaction to chemical or physical injury or infection. The signs are pain, heat, redness, and .

Question: Answer: of fluid into a vein.

Question: Answer: The taking in of food or other through the mouth.

Question: inhalationAnswer: phase of respiration in which air is drawn into the lungs; inspiration.

Question: Answer: Not harmful or .

Question: Answer: An injection of any biologic substance to confer protection against disease.

Question: inotropicAnswer: Tending to the force of cardiac contractions.

Question: Answer: The part of the physical examination, involving a careful visual examination of the patient.

Question: inspirationAnswer: The breathing of air into the ; inhalation.,

Question: insufficiencyAnswer: The condition of inadequate to normal performance.

Question: insulinAnswer: A secreted by the pancreatic islets that promotes utilization of sugar by the body.

Question: shockAnswer: Severe hypoglycemia caused by insulin dosage with respect to sugar intake. It may be characterized by bizarre behavior, sweating, tachycardia, or coma.

Question: intercostalAnswer: the ribs.

Question: intercostal Answer: The between the rigs.

Question: intercostal Answer: The area between two adjacent ribs, intercostal muscles, arteries, veins, and nerves.

Question: positive pressure breathing (IPPB)Answer: Assisted ventilation positive pressure to the spontaneously breathing patient.

Question: intermittent pressure ventilation (IPPV)Answer: Controlled ventilation under positive pressure to the patient who is not breathing .

Question: interstitial Answer: The fluid bathing the cells. It is one component of the fluid.

Question: septumAnswer: The thin, wall dividing the right and left ventricles.

Question: intimaAnswer: The innermost layer of a vessel.

Question: intoxicationAnswer: The of being poisoned, a condition caused by excessive use of drugs, including alcohol.

Question: intracardiac Answer: An injection of medication, such as epinephrine, directly into a heart chamber through the wall.

Question: intracellular (ICF)Answer: The portion of the total body water contained within the cells. It is usually about 45 percent of the body .

Question: intracranialAnswer: the skull.

Question: intramuscular (IM) Answer: An injection of medication directly into a of a patient.

Question: intravascular Answer: The portion of the total body water contained the blood vessels; plasma.

Question: (IV)Answer: or into a vein.

Question: intravenous Answer: Sterile water mixed with various concentrations of electrolytes and/or and prepared in sterile plastic or glass containers.

Question: intubationAnswer: The placement of a tube through the glottis into the trachea (endotracheal ) or into the esophagus (esophageal obturator airway intubation); may also be used to refer to intubation of the stomach with a nasogastric tube.

Question: involuntary Answer: The muscles that function without voluntary control; muscles (as opposed to skeletal muscles).

Question: ionAnswer: An charged molecule, e.g., Na+ or Cl .

Question: ionizing Answer: Transmission of energy in the form of waves or particles that has the to disrupt atoms in its path into their component ions.

Question: ipecac, ofAnswer: A used to induce vomiting.

Question: Answer: An abbreviation for positive pressure breathing.

Question: Answer: An abbreviation for positive pressure ventilation.

Question: Answer: The portion of the eye surrounding the pupil.

Question: Answer: A drug action that slight or temporary damage to tissues.

Question: Answer: Tissue anoxia from diminished blood flow, caused by narrowing or occlusion of the artery to the .

Question: ischiumAnswer: The portion of the hip bone.

Question: of LangerhansAnswer: of cells in the pancreas that produce insulin.

Question: isoelectric Answer: The of the ECG.

Question: Answer: A beta stimulator drug (trade

Question: isotonicAnswer: Having the same osmotic as that of a reference solution, usually the intracellular fluid.

Question: itisAnswer: A suffix meaning of."

Question: Answer: An abbreviation for .

Question: jaundiceAnswer: The presence of excessive bile pigments in the bloodstream, which give the skin, membranes, and eyes a distinct yellow color. It is often associated with liver disease.

Question: jaw Answer: Maneuver to open the by pushing forward on the mandibles.

Question: jejunumAnswer: The second of the small intestine.

Question: jointAnswer: The point at which two or more bones or come together.

Question: jugular Answer: Top of the sternum.

Question: jugular Answer: that return blood from the head, neck, and face to the superior vena cava.

Question: junctional Answer: A dysrhythmia arising from foci in the area of the AV junction. It often shows an absence of the P wave, a short P R interval, or a P wave appearing after the QRS complex.

Question: K+Answer: The symbol for potassium ion.

Question: keratinAnswer: The horny, proteinlike substance in the upper layers of the skin that is also the principle constituent of the hair and .

Question: Answer: The condition arising in diabetics whose insulin dose is insufficient to meet their needs, wherein blood sugar reaches high levels, and fat is metabolized to ketones and . It is characterized by excessive thirst, urination, nausea, and vomiting,

Question: Answer: An for kilogram.

Question: kidneysAnswer: organs located in the retroperitoneum that filter the blood and produce urine.

Question: (kg)Answer: A unit of measurement in the metric system, equal to 1,000 gm or 2.2 .

Question: KO (KVO)Answer: An abbreviation for keep open (keep vein open). It refers to a very slow rate of infusion designed simply to keep the route patent and prevent the line from clotting.

Question: breathingAnswer: Respiratory pattern characteristic of the in ketoacidosis, with marked hyperpnea and tachypnea.

Question: LAnswer: An for liter.

Question: labiaAnswer: The folds of skin and mucous membrane that the vulva.

Question: laborAnswer: Muscular contractions of the uterus designed to expel the fetus from the .

Question: Answer: A wound made by a tearing or cutting action on the . lactate

Question: lactated Ringer's Answer: A sterile intravenous solution containing sodium, potassium, calcium, and chloride ions in concentrations similar to those present in the blood, as well as lactate added as a .

Question: Answer: of milk.

Question: lactic Answer: A metabolic end product of the breakdown of glucose. It tends to accumulate when metabolism proceeds in the of oxygen.

Question: acidosisAnswer: An excess of lactic acid in the blood, the blood pH to fall below 7.35.

Question: large Answer: The of the intestine between the small intestine and the rectum; the colon.

Question: Answer: A person who has had total or surgical removal of the larynx

Question: Answer: of the larynx.

Question: Answer: In instrument for directly visualizing the and its related structures.

Question: laryngospasmAnswer: Severe constriction of the larynx, often in response to or noxious stimuli.

Question: Answer: The organ of production.

Question: Answer: Of or the side; away from the midline of the body.

Question: lavageAnswer: A washing out of a organ, such as the stomach.

Question: leadAnswer: Any one of the records made by the ECG, on the direction of current flow.

Question: left Answer: The upper left chamber of the heart, which receives blood from the pulmonary .

Question: left Answer: The left atrium plus the left .

Question: left failureAnswer: The failure of the left ventricle to pump blood forward effectively causing backup of blood into the pulmonary circulation, extravasation of into the lungs, and consequent pulmonary edema.

Question: left Answer: The thick walled, muscular, lower left of the heart, which receives blood from the left atrium and pumps it out through the aorta into the systemic arteries.

Question: Answer: The portion of the eye that focuses light rays on the .

Question: lesionAnswer: A or traumatic discontinuity of tissue or loss of function of a part.

Question: lethargyAnswer: A lack of to do anything, coupled with a feeling of sleepiness.

Question: leukemiaAnswer: A disease of the blood organs characterized by proliferation of white blood cells and pathologic changes in the bone marrow and other lymphoid tissue.

Question: Answer: blood cell.

Question: lidocaineAnswer: A drug used to suppress ventricular ectopic activity (trade name- ).

Question: life threatening Answer: Dysrhythmias characterized by extreme bradycardia (less than 40 per minute)k, extreme tachycardia (greater than about 140 beats per minute), where electric instability is present or the cardiac output is decreased, especially in the context of

Question: Answer: The band of fibrous tissues that connects bones to bones around a joint or supports an organ.

Question: ligateAnswer: To tie off, as a bleeding .

Question: limb Answer: A delivery in the presenting part is an arm or a leg.

Question: Answer: A preparation of a drug for external use, to relieve some discomfort or protect the skin.

Question: (L)Answer: A metric volume measurement, equal to 1,000 ml or 1.1 .

Question: litigationAnswer: .

Question: Answer: The large organ in the right upper quadrant of the abdomen that secretes bile, produces many essential proteins, drugs, and performs many other vital functions.

Question: loading Answer: An initial, dose of a drug that provides a blood level necessary to achieve its therapeutic effects.

Question: Answer: A preparation of a drug for external use, to relieve some discomfort or protect the skin.

Question: lumbarAnswer: The region of the spine and surrounding trunk between the thorax and the brim of the .

Question: lumenAnswer: The cavity or channel within a tube, such as an IV .

Question: Answer: Paired organs in the that effect ventilation and oxygenation.

Question: lymphAnswer: An colorless, nutrient fluid that circulates in the lymphatic vessels.

Question: Answer: A feeling of vague bodily discomfort.

Question: malignantAnswer: ; tending to become progressively worse and to result in death.

Question: Answer: The , rounded, bony protuberance on either side of the ankle joint.

Question: Answer: The jaw bone.,

Question: Answer: The upper of the sternum to which the clavicles are attached.

Question: MAPAnswer: An abbreviation for mean pressure.

Question: marrow Answer: The central cavity in the shaft of the long bone where marrow is contained.

Question: MASTAnswer: An for Military Anti Shock Trousers.

Question: mastoidAnswer: A large, spongy bone the ear.

Question: Answer: The jaw bone.

Question: mean arterial (MAP)Answer: The approximately midway between the systolic and diastolic blood pressures.

Question: mechanism of Answer: The way in which an injury and the forces involved in producing the injury.

Question: medialAnswer: the midline of the body.

Question: Answer: The space within the chest that contains the , major blood vessels, vagus nerve, trachea, and esophagus. It is located between the two lungs.

Question: oblongataAnswer: The portion of the brain between the cerebellum and spinal cord that contains the centers for of respiration and heart beat, together with other major control centers.

Question: Answer: The that gives skin its color.

Question: Answer: The three membranes covering the spinal cord and brain; the dura mater (external), arachnoid (middle), and pia (internal).

Question: Answer: Inflammation of the . It may present with fever, stiff neck, and delirium.

Question: menopauseAnswer: The time of a woman's life when ceases.

Question: Answer: Excessive flow during a menstrual .

Question: Answer: The discharge that occurs with the monthly menstrual .

Question: menstruationAnswer: The process by which the uterine lining is shed each month by between the ages of puberty and menopause.

Question: Answer: An for milliequivalent.

Question: Answer: Tissues by which the intestines are to the back surface of the abdominal cavity and that contain the blood vessels, lymphatics, and nerves supplying the intestines.

Question: Answer: The conversion of food into energy and products.

Question: bonesAnswer: The five that form the palm and back of the hand.

Question: metaraminolAnswer: A drug sometimes used in the treatment of shock for its stimulating effect on alpha (sympathetic) receptors, which causes (trade name

Question: Answer: A metric measurement, equal to 1,000 mm or 39.37 inches.

Question: methanolAnswer: Methyl alcohol; wood alcohol. It is poisonous if ingested, extreme metabolic acidosis.

Question: systemAnswer: A of weights and measures based on decimal units.

Question: Answer: An for milligram.

Question: MIAnswer: An abbreviation for infarction.

Question: fluid administration setAnswer: A set used to deliver intravenous or medication at a very slow rate, thus permitting accurate titration of dosage.

Question: microgramAnswer: A unit of weight, equal to 0.001 mg.

Question: Answer: Abbreviation for intensive care unit.

Question: lineAnswer: An imaginary vertical line beginning in the middle of the clavicle and parallel to the sternum slightly inside the nipple.

Question: Military Anti Trousers (MAST)Answer: An inflatable applied around the legs and abdomen, used in the treatment of shock.

Question: Answer: In pharmacology, an aqueous suspension of insoluble drugs, e.g., milk of .

Question: milliampereAnswer: A unit of current, equal to 0.001 .

Question: (mEq)Answer: A unit of measurement for electrolytes based on chemical combining . It is defined as the weight of a substance present in 1 ml of normal solution.

Question: (mg)Answer: A metric weight measurement, to 0.001 gm.

Question: (ml)Answer: A metric fluid measurement, equal to 0.001 .

Question: (mm)Answer: A metric linear measurement, equal to 0.001 .

Question: of mercury (mm Hg)Answer: A metric measurement used in determination of blood pressure; commonly referred to as torr (Torricelli unit) when used to designate gas in the blood.

Question: (mV)Answer: A unit of energy, equal to 0.001 volt.

Question: minute Answer: The of air inhaled or exhaled during 1 minute, calculated by multiplying the tidal volume times the respiratory rate.

Question: miosisAnswer: Pupillary .

Question: Answer: A 's term for an abortion, or the premature expulsion of a nonliving fetus from the uterus.

Question: mitral Answer: The located between the left atrium and the left ventricle.

Question: mlAnswer: An abbreviation for .

Question: Answer: An for millimeter.

Question: mm Answer: An for millimeter of mercury.l

Question: intensive care unit (MICU)Answer: Ambulance and equipped to give advanced life support.

Question: monovalentAnswer: Having a charge, e.g.,the sodium ion (Na+).

Question: morbidityAnswer: A synonym for illness; generally used to refer to an untoward effect of an illness or .

Question: Answer: A narcotic analgesic used to relieve pain and anxiety and to alleviate pulmonary .

Question: Answer: Death from a disease or injury.

Question: nervesAnswer: that send messages from the brain to various organs and muscles to stimulate voluntary and involuntary actions.

Question: mouth to ventilationAnswer: The preferred emergency method of ventilation without adjuncts in which the rescuer exhales through his mouth into the mouth of the victim.

Question: mouth to nose Answer: An emergency method of artificial ventilation used when the mouth to mouth technique cannot be performed. In this method, the exhales through his mouth into the nose of the victim.

Question: mucosaAnswer: Any mucous .

Question: mucous Answer: A membrane that lines many organs of the body and small, mucus secreting glands.

Question: Answer: A viscid, slippery secretion that as a lubricant and protects various surfaces.

Question: multifocalAnswer: Arising from or to many foci or locations.

Question: Answer: A woman who has had more than two ; also called "multip."

Question: Answer: A method by which simultaneous transmission and of voice and ECG signals can be achieved over a single radio frequency.

Question: Answer: The sound that may be in the heart when one of the valves is leaking or partially shut.

Question: muscleAnswer: The tissue comprising fibers that have the ability to shorten, thus bones and joints to move.

Question: tremor artifactAnswer: Numerous, extraneous deflections in the ECG caused by muscle movement or .

Question: Answer: An abbreviation for .

Question: myalgiaAnswer: Pain in the .

Question: gravisAnswer: A progressive disease of the characterized by slow paralysis of various muscle groups.

Question: Answer: dilation.

Question: myocardialAnswer: Pertaining to the musculature of the .

Question: infarctionAnswer: The or death of an area of heart muscle resulting from a reduction in the blood supply to that area.

Question: ruptureAnswer: The bursting of a necrotic area of cardiac muscle, which may occur several days after the onset of acute myocardial . It results in cardiac tamponade and is rapidly fatal if untreated.

Question: myocardiumAnswer: muscle.

Question: Na+Answer: The symbol for sodium ion.

Question: Answer: The chemical symbol for bicarbonate.

Question: naloxoneAnswer: A narcotic drug used in the treatment of narcotic overdose (trade name

Question: narcosisAnswer: An unconscious state caused by narcotics or accumulation of carbon dioxide or other toxic substances in the blood. The term implies respiratory depression leading to apnea.

Question: Answer: A drug that relieves pain and produces sleep by its depressant effect on the central nervous .

Question: nasopharynxAnswer: The part of the pharynx that is continuous with the passages.

Question: Answer: An sensation in the epigastrium and abdomen, often preceding vomiting.

Question: nebulizerAnswer: A device that delivers water or medication in the form of a very fine spray.

Question: neck Answer: Maneuver to open the airway by upward on the patient's neck.

Question: Answer: The death of tissue, usually caused by a cessation of its blood .

Question: Answer: Pertaining to dead .

Question: Answer: Failure to exercise the care that demand; an act of omission or commission that results in injury.

Question: Answer: A newborn.

Question: nervous Answer: The , the spinal cord, and the nerves branching from both.

Question: neurogenicAnswer: Originating in the system.

Question: neurogenic Answer: Shock caused by massive vasodilation and pooling of blood in the peripheral vessels to the degree that adequate perfusion be maintained.

Question: Answer: An element making up about 80 percent of the air we , present in all plant and animal tissues.

Question: Answer: The to get up at night to urinate.

Question: Answer: , pertaining to the AV node.

Question: noiseAnswer: Extraneous deflections in the ECG . It may be caused by muscle tremor, 60 cycle AC interference, loose electrodes, and weak radio transmission.

Question: Answer: A hormone and drug sometimes used in the treatment of shock. It produces through its alpha stimulator properties (trade name; Levophed).

Question: normal Answer: An intravenous solution 0.9% sodium chloride, used when volume replacement is desired.

Question: sinus rhythm (NSR)Answer: The normal rhythm of the heart, wherein the excitation impulse arises in the SA node, travels through the internodal pathways to the AV , thence down the bundle of His, through the bundle branches, and into the Purkinje network without interfe

Question: NPOAnswer: An meaning "nothing by mouth."

Question: NSRAnswer: An abbreviation for sinus rhythm.

Question: O2Answer: The chemical for oxygen.

Question: Answer: The of the back part of the head.

Question: occlusionAnswer: Stoppage, as of a blood vessel by a clot or .

Question: occlusive Answer: A watertight or airtight covering for a .

Question: Answer: to the eyes.

Question: Answer: An abbreviation with meanings

Question: odontoid Answer: A structure projecting from the second cervical vertebra.

Question: Answer: A substance used externally, usually containing medication.

Question: Answer: Minimal output.

Question: open Answer: A pneumothorax caused by an opening in the chest wall; a sucking wound.

Question: Answer: Technically, various derived from the opium or poppy plant; often used in a general way to refer to any drug that produces sleep.

Question: opisthotonosAnswer: A convulsive, rigid arching of the back that is seen in and severe meningitis.

Question: nerveAnswer: The of the eye that transmits visual impulses from the eye to the brain.

Question: Answer: The eye .

Question: Answer: The entrance or of any body cavity.

Question: oropharyngeal Answer: A ventilatory adjunct placed in the patient's mouth in such a way that the curved, distal part slides behind the base of the tongue, thereby holding the tongue forward, away from the posterior wall of the .

Question: oropharynxAnswer: The area behind the base of the tongue between the soft palate and the portion of the epiglottis.

Question: orthopneaAnswer: Severe dyspnea when lying down, relieved by sitting up.

Question: hypotensionAnswer: Fall in pressure in assuming an erect position.

Question: Answer: An abbreviation for oculus (left eye).

Question: oscilloscopeAnswer: A device with a screen for viewing an ECG or other physiologic data.

Question: Answer: The passage across a semipermeable of pure solvent from a solution of lower soluble concentration to one of higher concentration.

Question: pressureAnswer: The pressure exerted by a solution of greater solute concentration on in a solution of lower solute concentration.

Question: ostomyAnswer: A meaning "surgical incision into an organ" (e.g., tracheostomy).

Question: ovaryAnswer: The female sex organ in which eggs and hormones are produced.

Question: overhydrationAnswer: A condition that from excessive retention of fluids.

Question: Answer: An egg (pl., ova).

Question: (O2)Answer: A colorless, odorless, tasteless gas essential to life, composing 21 of the air we breathe.

Question: oxytocinAnswer: A drug used to promote uterine contractions (trade

Question: pAnswer: An abbreviation meaning ." (post)

Question: PACAnswer: An abbreviation for premature contraction.

Question: Answer: Specialized tissue within the heart that initiates excitation impulses; an device used to stimulate cardiac contraction when the electric conduction system of the heart is malfunctioning, especially in complete heart block. An electronic pacem

Question: pacemaker Answer: The site in any part of the electric conduction system excitation impulses arise.

Question: Answer: The roof of the .

Question: Answer: of the skin.

Question: Answer: Feeling a part of a patient's body with the hand to assess the consistency of the beneath, in physical diagnosis.

Question: palpitationAnswer: A sensation, felt under the left breast, of the heart's a beat," caused by premature ventricular contraction.

Question: Answer: Paralysis.

Question: Answer: An intra abdominal gland that secretes insulin and digestive enzymes.

Question: muscleAnswer: Protrusions of the myocardium into the cavities to which the chordae tendineae are attached.

Question: Answer: A prefix meaning ."

Question: paracentesisAnswer: The draining of fluid from the peritoneal cavity by of a needle or catheter inserted through the abdominal wall.

Question: respirationAnswer: The in which attempts to inhale cause collapse of a portion of the chest wall instead of expansion. It is seen in flail chest.

Question: paralysisAnswer: Loss of function.

Question: Answer: A disorder characterized by abnormal suspicions or other delusions (often of persecution or grandeur).

Question: Answer: The loss of both motion and sensation in the legs and part of the body, most commonly caused by damage to the spinal cord.

Question: parasympathetic systemAnswer: A subdivision of the autonomic system, involved in control of involuntary, vegetative functions, mediated largely by the vagus nerve through the chemical acetylcholine.

Question: Answer: The substance of a gland or solid .

Question: parenteralAnswer: The administration of a or fluid by means other than through the digestive tract, e.g., intravenous, intramuscular.

Question: paresisAnswer: f .

Question: paresthesiaAnswer: An abnormal sensation, often of the pins and needles variety, indicating disturbance in function.

Question: parietal Answer: The portion of the brain containing sensory areas and areas of control.

Question: pleuraAnswer: The lining the inside of the chest wall and the pericardium.

Question: paroxysmAnswer: A sudden and recurrence of symptoms.

Question: nocturnal dyspnea (PND)Answer: A severe shortness of breath occurring at night after several hours of recumbency, during fluid pools in the lungs. The patient is forced to sit up to breathe. It is caused by left heart failure.

Question: parturitionAnswer: The act of birth.

Question: patchAnswer: A between a telephone line and radio communications system, enabling a caller to get "on the air" by dialing into a special phone.

Question: Answer: The , flat bone that protects the knee joint; the knee cap.

Question: patentAnswer: Open, .

Question: Answer: Capable of causing a disease .

Question: pathognomonicAnswer: A symptom or sign that is sufficiently characteristic of a disease to make a diagnosis possible on the basis of that finding alone.

Question: Answer: Indicative of or caused by a condition.

Question: Answer: An meaning "after meals."

Question: PCO2Answer: The symbol for the pressure of carbon dioxide in a gas.

Question: pedalAnswer: to the foot.

Question: Answer: A medical specialty devoted to the diagnosis and treatment of of children.

Question: Answer: An abbreviation for end expiratory pressure.

Question: girdleAnswer: The large bone that arises in the area of the last nine and sweeps around to form a complete ring.

Question: pelvisAnswer: The bony structure of the trunk.

Question: ulcerAnswer: An ulcer produced by acidic gastric acting on the wall of the stomach.

Question: Answer: Striking a part of a patient's body with short, sharp in order to produce a sound that will indicate the condition of the structures within.

Question: Answer: the skin.

Question: perfusionAnswer: The flow of blood through .

Question: pericardial Answer: A potential space between the two layers of the , the outer (parietal) pericardium and the inner (visceral) epicardium. Normally this space contains only a small amount of lubricating fluid.

Question: pericardial Answer: fluid within the pericardial sac.

Question: pericardial Answer: An of excess fluid or blood in the pericardial sac that interferes with heart action.

Question: Answer: A double layered sac containing the heart and the origins of the superior vena cava, inferior vena cava, and artery.

Question: Answer: The region between the and the anus.

Question: breathingAnswer: Stokes respiration.

Question: Answer: The around the eyes.

Question: Answer: , fibrous tissue covering bone.

Question: Answer: Pertaining to an surface.

Question: vascular resistance (PVR)Answer: The resistance to blood flow in the systemic circulation depending on the degree of constriction of the network of blood vessels making up the peripheral system.

Question: peripheral Answer: of peripheral blood vessels, causing a decrease in blood pressure and warm, flushed skin.

Question: Answer: waves of muscular contraction and relaxation proceeding uniformly along a hollow tube, such as the esophagus or intestines, which propel the contents of the tube forward.

Question: peritoneal Answer: Abdominal .

Question: peritoneumAnswer: The membrane that lines the abdominal .

Question: Answer: Inflammation of the .

Question: pertinent Answer: Symptom or sign that the patient DOES NOT have but might be to have, given the chief complaint.

Question: mal seizureAnswer: A type of epileptic attack seen in children, characterized by loss of awareness without loss of motor tone.

Question: pHAnswer: A measure of the hydrogen ion (H+) concentration, hence the or alkalinity of a fluid.

Question: phalanxAnswer: Any bone of a or toe.

Question: pharmacologyAnswer: The science that deals with the of drugs in all their aspects.

Question: Answer: to or situated near the pharynx.

Question: pharynxAnswer: The portion of the airway between the nasal cavity and the larynx, of the nasopharynx, oropharynx, and laryngopharynx.

Question: phenobarbitalAnswer: A sedative hypnotic drug.

Question: phenylephrineAnswer: A pure alpha (sympathetic) (trade name

Question: Answer: Inflammation of the wall of a vein, some caused by an IV line, manifested by tenderness, redness, and slight edema along part of the length of the vein.

Question: phobiaAnswer: An abnormal and persistent of some specific thing.

Question: actionAnswer: An action caused by a drug when given in the concentrations normally present in the body (applies only to drugs that are from normal body chemicals, e.g., epinephrine).

Question: physiologyAnswer: The of body functions.

Question: pia Answer: Innermost layer of the

Question: Answer: Adding to an infusion set by inserting a needle connected to another infusion set.

Question: Answer: A drug shaped into a ball or oval to be swallowed, often coated to an unpleasant taste.

Question: Answer: The portion of the ear leading to the ear canal.

Question: edemaAnswer: Severe edema that renders the tissue boggy and capable of being by moderate pressure.

Question: pituitaryAnswer: The master gland of the body, in the brain behind the eyes. It influences the secretions of all other glands.

Question: Answer: An for premature junctional contraction.

Question: Answer: A vascular organ attached to the uterine wall, supplying oxygen and nutrients to the ; also called the afterbirth.

Question: previaAnswer: A in which the placenta is the presenting part. It may result in excanguinating hemorrhage.

Question: Answer: to the sole of the foot.

Question: Answer: The fluid portion of the blood from the cells have been removed.

Question: plateletAnswer: A small, cellular element in the that plays an important role in blood clotting.

Question: Answer: The membrane lining the outer surface of the lungs (visceral pleura), the inner surface of the chest wall, and the thoracic surface of the (parietal pleura).

Question: pleural Answer: A potential space between the parietal and visceral .

Question: effusionAnswer: An excessive accumulation of fluid in the pleural .

Question: pleural Answer: A space between the two layers of the pleura.

Question: pleuritic Answer: Chest pain that is sharp and made worse by deep , coughing, or laughing. It is characteristic of pleural inflammation.

Question: PMIAnswer: An abbreviation for of maximal impulse.

Question: Answer: An abbreviation for nodal contraction.

Question: Answer: An abbreviation for paroxysmal dyspnea.

Question: pneumoniaAnswer: An acute, disease of the lungs.

Question: Answer: Air in the cavity.

Question: Answer: An abbreviation "by mouth."

Question: Answer: The symbol for the partial pressure of in a gas.

Question: of maximal impulse (PMI)Answer: The beat of the apex of the heart against the chest wall during ventricular contraction. It is normally palpated in the fifth left intercostal space in the midclavicular line.

Question: Answer: A prefix meaning or "much."

Question: polydipsiaAnswer: Excessive thirst and/or excessive of fluids.

Question: polyphagiaAnswer: hunger and eating.

Question: polyuriaAnswer: urination.

Question: poplitealAnswer: The area or space the knee joint.

Question: positive end expiratory (PEEP)Answer: The application of slight positive at the end of exhalation for the purpose of preventing small airways from collapsing.

Question: posteriorAnswer: Situated in back of or on the surface.

Question: postictalAnswer: to the period after the convulsive state of a seizure.

Question: Answer: death.

Question: postpartumAnswer: After .

Question: (K+)Answer: A monovalent cation required for the proper functioning of , particularly the electric conduction system of the heart.

Question: Answer: Enhancement of the of one drug by another.

Question: powderAnswer: A drug that has been into powder form.

Question: P QRS Answer: The ECG representation of one cycle of depolarization and repolarization of the and ventricles.

Question: precordialAnswer: Referring to the area over the heart and left lower thorax.

Question: thumpAnswer: A sharp blow to the delivered in an attempt to terminate ventricular tachycardia or stimulate the heart to beat in asystole.

Question: Answer: The condition that eclampsia, or toxemia of pregnancy, characterized by hypertension and edema.

Question: preinfarction Answer: angina.

Question: premature contractions (PACs)Answer: Extra atrial contractions followed by ventricular contractions with normal or abnormal QRS complexes, caused by ectopic foci in the interatrial conduction .,

Question: premature ("preemie")Answer: Infant born before the eighth month of gestation or less than 2 kg (5 1/2 lb).

Question: premature junctional (PJCs)Answer: Also called premature nodal contractions; extra ventricular contractions with normal or abnormal QRS complexes by ectopic foci in the AV junction.

Question: premature nodal (PNCs)Answer: Premature junctional .

Question: premature ventricular (PVCs)Answer: ventricular contractions caused by ectopic foci in the His Purkinje system of the ventricles and characterized on the ECG by bizarre, widened QRS complexes.

Question: Answer: Before .

Question: partAnswer: The part of the baby that out first during delivery.

Question: primiparaAnswer: A woman in her pregnancy; also called "primip."

Question: P R Answer: The period of time between the beginning of the P (atrial depolarization) and the of the QRS complex (ventricular depolarization), signifying the time required for atrial depolarization and passage of the excitation impulse through the AV junctio

Question: Answer: An abbreviation meaning "as ."

Question: procainamideAnswer: A drug used to suppress ventricular dysrhythmias (trade name- ).

Question: Answer: The probable outlook for from disease.

Question: prolapsed Answer: A delivery in the umbilical cord appears at the vaginal orifice before the head of the infant.

Question: Answer: Lying flat with the face .

Question: Answer: Measures to prevent the occurrence of a disease or abnormal state.

Question: propranololAnswer: A drug used to suppress life threatening dysrhythmias. It is also sometimes used in the of hypertension and angina (trade name- Inderal).

Question: Answer: A gland at the base of the male bladder that often becomes enlarged later in life, obstruction to urine flow.

Question: Answer: An artificial part made to a natural one.

Question: prostrationAnswer: .

Question: protocolAnswer: A standard .

Question: Answer: Closer to a of reference, usually the heart.

Question: Answer: Itching.

Question: Answer: A mental disorder causing disintegration of personality and loss of with reality.

Question: psychosomaticAnswer: to bodily manifestations of any disorder of the mind.

Question: Answer: One of the two that form the anterior portion of the pelvic ring.

Question: Answer: The convalescent following the birth of a baby.

Question: Answer: Referring to the lungs or structures.

Question: pulmonary Answer: The arteries that carry poor in oxygen from the right ventricle to the lungs.

Question: pulmonary Answer: The flow of blood from the right ventricle through the pulmonary arteries and all of their branches and capillaries in the lungs, and thence back to the left atrium through the venules and pulmonary veins; also the lesser circulation.

Question: edemaAnswer: Congestion of the air spaces with exudate and foam, often secondary to left heart failure.

Question: pulmonary Answer: Obstruction of a artery or arteries by solid, liquid, or gaseous material swept through the right heart into the lungs.

Question: veinsAnswer: The that carry oxygenated blood from the lungs to the left atrium.

Question: pulmonic Answer: The valve the right ventricle and the pulmonary artery.

Question: pulsatileAnswer: by rhythmic beating.

Question: Answer: The expansion and contraction of an wall caused by ventricular systole and diastole.

Question: deficitAnswer: The difference in heart rate between that measured by palpating the apex of the heart and that obtained by palpating a artery.

Question: pressureAnswer: The difference the systolic and diastolic blood pressures, indicative of stroke volume.

Question: pulse Answer: The heart rate determined by the number of pulsations per minute palpated in any superficial artery.

Question: pump Answer: An inability of the to maintain cardiac output, resulting in congestive heart failure and cardiogenic shock.

Question: pupilAnswer: The opening in the center of the iris.

Question: Purkinje Answer: A system of fibers in the ventricles that conducts the excitation impulse from the branches to the myocardium.

Question: Answer: An abbreviation for ventricular contraction.

Question: PVRAnswer: An abbreviation for peripheral resistance.

Question: P waveAnswer: The first wave of the ECG complex, depolarization of the atria.

Question: qdAnswer: An abbreviation "every day."

Question: Answer: An meaning "every hour."

Question: q2hAnswer: An abbreviation "every two hours."

Question: Answer: An meaning "four times a day."

Question: QRS Answer: Deflections of the ECG produced by depolarization.

Question: Q T Answer: The period between the onset of the QRS complex and the end of the T wave, representing depolarization and repolarization.

Question: Answer: A term used to one quarter of the abdomen.

Question: quadriplegiaAnswer: of both arms and legs.

Question: quinidineAnswer: A drug used to various atrial and ventricular dysrhythmias.

Question: Q Answer: The negative wave or deflection of the QRS complex not preceded by an R wave.

Question: raccoon Answer: Also called "coon's eyes"; bilateral, symmetric, periorbital ecchymoses seen with some fractures.

Question: Answer: to the wrist.

Question: Answer: the property of emitting ionizing radiation.

Question: Answer: The bone on the thumb side of the .

Question: Answer: Abnormal breath produced by flow of air through constricted, edematous, or fluid filled small airways.

Question: Answer: Sexual intercourse that is inflicted forcibly on person, against that person's will.

Question: Answer: A specialized area in a tissue that initiates certain actions upon stimulation.

Question: rectumAnswer: The distal portion of the intestine.

Question: recumbentAnswer: down.

Question: red blood Answer: Erythrocyte; a cell that oxygen.

Question: reduceAnswer: To restore a part to its position, as a fractured bone.

Question: Answer: An involuntary muscular action in response to some .

Question: regressionAnswer: In psychiatry, a to an earlier or former state.

Question: regurgitationAnswer: A passive, retrograde flow of gastric contents from the stomach into the pharynx and mouth (to be from the active process of vomiting).

Question: relative refractory Answer: The stage of ventricular diastole during which the cardiac muscle is recharging (repolarizing) to a resting state following . During this phase of the refractory period, the heart can be stimulated to contract prematurely.

Question: renalAnswer: to the kidney.

Question: Answer: A miniature transmitter that picks up a radio signal and rebroadcasts it, thus extending the range of a communications system.

Question: Answer: The electric of recharging depolarized muscle fibers back to the resting state.

Question: respirationAnswer: The act of breathing; the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide among the tissues, , and atmosphere.

Question: respiratory Answer: of breathing.

Question: respiratory Answer: Failure of the respiratory to maintain an arterial PO2 greater than 60 torr and PCO2 less than 50 torr.

Question: resting Answer: The charge of the muscle fibers during the resting, polarized state.

Question: resuscitationAnswer: The act of reviving an person by any means.

Question: Answer: An to void.

Question: Answer: The lining of the back of the eye that visual images and transmits then through the optic nerve to the brain.

Question: retractionsAnswer: Drawing in of the muscles and the muscles above the clavicles in respiratory distress.

Question: retroAnswer: A prefix meaning "located ."

Question: Answer: The area behind the peritoneum, containing the .

Question: retrosternalAnswer: or occuring behind the sternum.

Question: Rh factorAnswer: An antigen present on the red blood cells of some individuals. When Rh factor is present, the individual is said to be Rh positive; when Rh factor is absent, the individual is Rh .

Question: rhonchiAnswer: Coarse, rattling sounds somewhat like snoring, usually caused by secretions in the tubes.

Question: Answer: One of the 12 forming the thoracic cavity wall.

Question: rib Answer: The supporting structure of the .

Question: right Answer: The upper right chamber of the heart, which receives blood from the venae cavae and supplies blood to the ventricle.

Question: right failureAnswer: An inability of the right ventricle to pump blood forward effectively, causing a backup of blood into the veins, with consequent edema of body tissues.

Question: right Answer: The lower right chamber of the heart, which receives blood from the right atrium and pumps blood out the pulmonic valve into the pulmonary arteries.

Question: 's solutionAnswer: A sterile intravenous solution sodium, potassium, calcium, and chloride ions in concentrations similar to those present in blood. It is useful for replacing fluid losses, as in dehydration.

Question: risk Answer: A that leads to and perpetuates a disease process.

Question: R on T Answer: A dangerous kind of PVC that is seen on the ECG to fall on the T wave of the preceding QRS T complex, representing the occurrence of an during the vulnerable period of ventricular repolarization and often triggering ventricular tachycar

Question: R R Answer: The period of time between the onset of one QRS and the onset of the succeeding QRS complex.

Question: R Answer: The positive wave or deflection in the QRS .

Question: RxAnswer: An abbreviation "prescription."

Question: sAnswer: An abbreviation meaning ."

Question: Answer: Pertaining to the , part of the lower spine.

Question: sacroiliac Answer: The point of attachment of the to the sacrum.

Question: sacrumAnswer: A part of the lower formed by five fused vertebrae.

Question: jointAnswer: A joint formed where a portion of one bone over another, as in the thumb.

Question: salicylateAnswer: The class of that includes aspirin.

Question: Answer: A containing salt.

Question: glandsAnswer: The glands that produce and saliva, connected to the mouth through ducts.

Question: SA nodeAnswer: An abbreviation for node.

Question: vein setAnswer: An intravenous with butterfly "wings."

Question: scapulaAnswer: The blade.

Question: Answer: Tough, white covering of the .

Question: glandAnswer: A gland in the dermis that secretes an oily substance known as .

Question: pacemakerAnswer: A pacemaker site or ectopic in the electric conduction system of the heart other than the SA node.

Question: sedativeAnswer: A drug that depresses the activity of the nervous system, thus having a calming effect, e.g., barbiturates, chloral hydrate.

Question: seizureAnswer: An attack of ; a convulsion.

Question: semicircular Answer: structures in the inner ear that maintain one's equilibrium.

Question: ductAnswer: The duct which sperm pass into the seminal vesicles.

Question: sensory Answer: Nerves that send messages of various sense (e.g., temperature, pain, touch, taste) through the spinal cord to the brain.

Question: sepsisAnswer: Generalized body poisoning by the of bacteria.

Question: shockAnswer: resulting from severe bacterial infection.

Question: Answer: A dividing wall or partition, usually separating two .

Question: Answer: The aftereffects of a disease or .

Question: Answer: The liquid of clotted blood.

Question: shockAnswer: A state of inadequate tissue perfusion, which may be caused by pump failure (cardiogenic shock), volume loss (hypovolemic ), vasodilatation (neurogenic shock), or any combination of these.

Question: shuntAnswer: The situation in which a portion of the output of the right heart reaches the left without being oxygenated in the lungs. It may be caused by atelectasis, pulmonary edema, or a variety of other factors.

Question: sickle cell Answer: A , genetically determined, hemolytic anemia occurring in the Black population, characterized by arthralgias, acute attacks of abdominal pain, and recurrent embolic episodes.

Question: SIDSAnswer: An abbreviation for sudden death syndrome.

Question: Answer: The S , terminal portion of the descending colon.

Question: Answer: Bodily evidence of disease found on physical examination; an indication of or injury that the examiner OBSERVES.

Question: silent acute myocardial Answer: Painless myocardial infarction, occurring in 10 to 20 percent of patients with AMI, the elderly.

Question: Answer: A method of radio communication utilizing a single frequency that enables either transmission or reception of either or an ECG signal but is incapable of simultaneous transmission and reception.

Question: node (SA node)Answer: The dominant pacemaker of the heart, located at the junction of the superior vena cava and the atrium.

Question: sinus Answer: A slight irregularity of the heart rate caused by changes in tone during breathing.

Question: bradycardiaAnswer: Sinus rhythm with a rate less than 60 per .

Question: tachycardiaAnswer: Sinus rhythm with a rate than 100 per minute.

Question: Answer: The hard, bony structure that forms the main of the body.

Question: skullAnswer: The bony structure the brain; cranium.

Question: SLAnswer: An abbreviation for .

Question: slingAnswer: A triangular bandage applied around the neck to an arm.

Question: intestineAnswer: The portion of the between the stomach and the colon.

Question: positionAnswer: The position of a patient for endotracheal intubation, with the neck and the head extended.

Question: Answer: Noise made on inhalation when the airway is partially obstructed by the tongue.

Question: Answer: A hollow in a bone into a rounded part fits.

Question: sodiumAnswer: The cation of the extracellular fluid.

Question: sodium (NaHCO3)Answer: A chemical buffer used to pH when acidosis is present.

Question: Answer: A liquid consisting of a mixture of two or more substances that are dispersed through one another in a homogeneous manner.

Question: Answer: A drug that deep sleep.

Question: Answer: A sudden, involuntary contraction of a muscle or group of muscles; a but transitory constriction of a passage, canal, or orifice, as in laryngospasm.

Question: sphincterAnswer: A circularly arranged muscle that acts as a valve to control the retention or of fluids or semisolid materials in the body.

Question: sphygmomanometerAnswer: A device for blood pressure.

Question: canalAnswer: The area filled with spinal fluid immediately surrounding the cord.

Question: cordAnswer: The collection of nerve tracts extending from the brain down the foramen of the column.

Question: spiritsAnswer: of volatile substancesdissolved in alcohol, e.g., spirits of ammonia.

Question: spleenAnswer: The organ located in the left quadrant of the abdomen that destroys old red blood cells.

Question: Answer: An spleen.

Question: splintAnswer: Any device used to a part of the body.

Question: pneumothoraxAnswer: A of the lung parenchyma without trauma, leading to the accumulation of air in the pleural space.

Question: sprainAnswer: to a joint that causes injury to the ligaments.

Question: SQAnswer: An abbreviation meaning .

Question: squelchAnswer: To eliminate unwanted noise on a frequency.

Question: Answer: The slowing down or of blood flow to an area.

Question: Answer: An meaning "immediately."

Question: status Answer: A severe, prolonged asthmatic attack that be broken with epinephrine.

Question: status Answer: The occurrence of two or more seizures without a period of consciousness between them.

Question: stenosisAnswer: Narrowing or of a hollow tube.

Question: sterileAnswer: Free from living organisms such as .

Question: sternocleidomastoid Answer: The muscle that is easily felt at the side of the neck.

Question: sternumAnswer: The long, flat bone in the midline in the anterior part of the thoracic cage.

Question: stethoscopeAnswer: An instrument for performing .

Question: Answer: An agent that increases the level of bodily .

Question: Answer: A small opening, especially an created opening, such as that made by tracheostomy.

Question: stomachAnswer: The hollow digestive organ in the epigastrium that food material from the esophagus.

Question: strainAnswer: An overstretching of a muscle; a soft tissue involving a muscle.

Question: Answer: Narrowing of a duct or any natural passage by an process.

Question: stridorAnswer: A harsh, high pitched respiratory sound with severe upper airway obstruction, such as laryngeal edema.

Question: Answer: Cerebrovascular .

Question: volumeAnswer: The amount of blood pumped forward with each contraction.

Question: S T Answer: The interval between the end of the QRS complex and the beginning of the T wave. It is elevated or depressed with respect to the isoelectric line when there is significant myocardial ischemia.

Question: Answer: A state of reduced sensibilities; mental .

Question: veinAnswer: A large vein located beneath the clavicle, joining the jugular vein.

Question: (SQ)Answer: the skin.

Question: subcutaneous Answer: A condition in which trauma to the lung or airway results in the escape of air into tissues of the body, especially the wall, neck, and face, causing a crackling sensation on palpation of the skin.

Question: subduralAnswer: Occuring beneath the dura, i.e., beneath the heavy, sheathlike covering of the . The term is often used in connection with the subdural hematoma following trauma to the head.

Question: (SL)Answer: Under the .

Question: Answer: the sternum; retrosternal.

Question: chest woundAnswer: Open .

Question: infant death syndrome (SIDS)Answer: Crib death; the death of an infant after the first few weeks of life, the of which cannot be established by careful autopsy.

Question: suicideAnswer: The of one's own life.

Question: Answer: A form of heat stroke by prolonged sun exposure.

Question: Answer: On the ; the opposite of deep.

Question: Answer: An anatomic term referring to an organ or part that is above another organ or part of the body.

Question: vena cavaAnswer: A major vein that empties venous blood from the upper extremities, head, and neck into the atrium.

Question: supinateAnswer: To turn the forearm so that the palm upward.

Question: supineAnswer: Lying flat with the face .

Question: Answer: A drug mixed in a firm base that at room temperature, shaped to fit various body orifices.

Question: supraventricular Answer: A dysrhythmia from any portion of the electric conduction system above the ventricles.

Question: tachycardiaAnswer: A arising from above the ventricles.

Question: Answer: A preparation of a pulverized drug in . It requires thorough shaking before use.

Question: sutureAnswer: A type of joint in which the surfaces are united, as in the skull; a type of special thread used in closing a wound.

Question: Answer: A cravat tied around the body to enhance of a part.

Question: S waveAnswer: The first deflection of the QRS complex that is preceded by an R wave.

Question: sweat Answer: A gland that secretes water and electrolytes the skin.

Question: nervous systemAnswer: A subdivision of the autonomic nervous system that governs the body's "fight flight" , stimulating cardiac activity.

Question: sympathomimeticAnswer: Producing effects similar to those engendered by stimulation of the sympathetic system, hence an alpha or beta sympathetic drug.

Question: pubisAnswer: The midline of the pubic bones.

Question: Answer: An abnormal feeling of and/or awareness of disturbance of bodily function experienced by a patient. Symptoms are elicited in the history.

Question: syncopeAnswer: Fainting; a brief loss of consciousness caused by inadequate blood flow to the brain.

Question: Answer: A of symptoms or signs characteristic of a condition.

Question: Answer: The combined effect of two or more such that their action in combination is greater than the sum of their individual actions.

Question: syrupAnswer: A drug in sugar and water to improve its taste.

Question: of ipecacAnswer: Drug used to vomiting.

Question: systemicAnswer: Referring to anything that affects the body as a .

Question: circulationAnswer: The flow of blood from the left ventricle through the aorta, to all of its branches and capillaries in the tissues, and thence back to the right atrium through the venules, veins, and venae cave; also the greater circulation.

Question: systoleAnswer: The period during which the ventricles .

Question: systolic blood Answer: The peak pressure exerted by the on the arterial walls during ventricular contraction.

Question: Answer: A powdered drug that has been or compressed into a small disc.

Question: Answer: A dysrhythmia (heart rate over 120 140/min).

Question: Answer: A rapid heart rate, over 100 per .

Question: tachypneaAnswer: An excessively rapid rate of breathing (over 25/min in ).

Question: (cardiac)Answer: Acute compression of the heart by accumulation of fluid or blood in the pericardium.

Question: tarsalAnswer: Pertaining to the .

Question: TBWAnswer: An abbreviation for body water.

Question: telemetryAnswer: A process of communicating physiologic data, such as the ECG, over long by radio or telephone.

Question: Answer: The region on each side of the head and anterior to the ears.

Question: Answer: The region of the .

Question: temporal Answer: A brain lobe containing the control for speech.

Question: temporomandibular Answer: The articulation of the with the skull.

Question: Answer: The fibrous portion of muscle that to bone.

Question: tension Answer: The situation in which air the pleural space through a one way valve defect in the lung, causing progressive increase in intrapleural pressure, with lung collapse and impairment of circulation

Question: testesAnswer: The male , which are normally situated in the scrota and which produce sperm.

Question: tetanusAnswer: An acute, infectious disease caused by a bacterial toxin, with spasm of the jaw muscles causing trismus (lockjaw) and of the back muscles causing .

Question: tetanyAnswer: Sustained contraction of a group.

Question: actionAnswer: A action of a drug to correct a bodily dysfunction.

Question: Answer: to heat.

Question: thoracicAnswer: to the chest.

Question: Answer: The part of the body between the neck and the , encased by the ribs.

Question: Answer: Describing a pulse that is weak or .

Question: Answer: A platelet; a cellular of the blood involved in clotting.

Question: Answer: A in which inflammation of a vein leads to the formation of a plug (thrombus) in the vein.

Question: thrombosisAnswer: The formation of a blood clot or .

Question: thrombusAnswer: A fixed blood clot that forms a blood vessel.

Question: thyroidAnswer: A gland located in the neck that produces involved in the regulation of metabolism.

Question: TIAAnswer: An abbreviation for ischemic attack.

Question: tibiaAnswer: The shin bone, in the front part of the lower leg.

Question: Answer: A spasmodic twitching of a facial .

Question: tidAnswer: An abbreviation meaning "three a day."

Question: volumeAnswer: The amount of air inhaled or exhaled during normal, quiet breathing; the volume of one .

Question: Answer: A dilute, alcoholic extract of a drug, e.g., tincture of .

Question: Answer: A ringing or noise, or sometimes a buzzing or roaring noise, in the ears.

Question: tissueAnswer: A of cells of similar type that are specialized for performance of a particular function.

Question: Answer: In treatment, the method of administering a drug dose in very small increments at a time while carefully gauging the effect of each increment.

Question: toleranceAnswer: The progressive of susceptibility to the effects of a drug after repeated doses.

Question: clonicAnswer: to the repetitive contraction and relaxation of muscle groups in a seizure.

Question: total body (TBW)Answer: The total content of the body, equivalent to about 60 percent of body weight in the adult male.

Question: Answer: A constricting device used circumferentially around an to impede venous outflow or obstruct arterial inflow.

Question: toxemiaAnswer: A generalized poisoning of the caused by absorption of bacterial products.

Question: of pregnancyAnswer: .

Question: toxicAnswer: Pertaining to a poison; .

Question: toxinAnswer: A manufactured by bacteria or other forms of animal or vegetable life.

Question: toxoidAnswer: A chemically toxin that, when injected, stimulates the development of immunity against a specific disease but that is not itself harmful, e.g., tetanus toxoid.

Question: Answer: The cartilaginous tube from the larynx to its division into the main bronchi; the windpipe.

Question: tracheostomyAnswer: A surgical opening of the trachea to an airway.

Question: Answer: Pulling or exerting force to straighten the of a part of the body.

Question: nameAnswer: The name under which a drug is marketed by a given .

Question: transfusionAnswer: An of blood into a vein.

Question: transfusion Answer: An adverse response to blood or blood products.

Question: transient attack (TIA)Answer: A "little stroke"; a temporary loss of function resulting from a transitory decrease in circulation to a part of the . A TIA may warn of an impending stroke.

Question: traumaAnswer: .

Question: traumatic Answer: A syndrome resulting from a very severe compression injury of the chest, with cyanosis of the face and neck, of the eyes, and caved in chest.

Question: tremorAnswer: An involuntary twitching of an .

Question: positionAnswer: The position in which a patient is placed on his back with legs and head lowered; also called shock position.

Question: triageAnswer: A system used for categorizing and sorting according to the severity of their problems.

Question: valveAnswer: The valve between the atrium and right ventricle.

Question: Answer: of three months.

Question: Answer: A spasm of the jaw muscles causing the to be clenched shut, characteristic of tetanus.

Question: T Answer: An upright, flat, or wave following the QRS complex of the ECG, representing ventricular repolarization.

Question: Answer: frequency; the portion of the radio frequency spectrum between 300 and 3,000 mHz.

Question: Answer: An open lesion of the skin or mucous .

Question: Answer: The larger bone of the forearm, on the side opposite that of the .

Question: umbilical Answer: A flexible structure the fetus to the placenta.

Question: Answer: The ; the "bellybutton."

Question: Answer: A of being insensible or comatose.

Question: unifocalAnswer: from a single site.

Question: uremiaAnswer: A toxic condition caused by the inability of the kidneys to waste products of metabolism.

Question: Answer: The tube leading from the kidney to the .

Question: urethraAnswer: The tube leading from the to the outside of the body.

Question: URIAnswer: An abbreviation for respiratory infection.

Question: urineAnswer: The fluid secreted by the kidneys, in the bladder, and discharged through the urethra.

Question: urticariaAnswer: .

Question: Answer: The muscular organ lying in the female that houses the developing fetus; the womb.

Question: uvulaAnswer: A small, dangling protrusion attached to the soft palate in the .

Question: activityAnswer: Parasympathetic .

Question: vaginaAnswer: The genital canal in the female extending from the uterus to the vulva; the canal.

Question: Answer: The tenth cranial nerve, chief of the parasympathetic nervous system.

Question: Answer: The groove between the base of the and the epiglottis.

Question: maneuverAnswer: A forced exhalation against a closed , the effect of which is to stimulate the vagus nerve and thereby slow the heart rate.

Question: Answer: of the diameter of a blood vessel.

Question: Answer: A that causes narrowing of the diameter of blood vessels; an alpha sympathetic agent.

Question: vasodilationAnswer: Widening of the diameter of vessels.

Question: vasodilatorAnswer: A substance that causes widening of the of blood vessels.

Question: Answer: An agent that the blood pressure by causing vasoconstriction.

Question: Answer: Having vascular and vagal components; often used to refer to a syndrome consisting of precordial , anxiety, nausea, and sometimes syncope.

Question: VDAnswer: An abbreviation for venereal .

Question: veinAnswer: A blood vessel that carries blood to the .

Question: cavaeAnswer: The largest veins of the body, which return to the right atrium.

Question: venipunctureAnswer: The puncture of a vein to obtain a blood sample or to introduce a .

Question: Answer: A poison, usually the poisonous derived from snakes, spiders, bees, wasps, and other such creatures.

Question: bloodAnswer: Blood poor in oxygen, containing hemoglobin in the state.

Question: Answer: Breathing, moving air in and out of the .

Question: ventralAnswer: Referring to the of the body; anterior.

Question: ventricleAnswer: A thick walled, muscular chamber that receives blood from the and pumps it into the pulmonary or systemic circulation.

Question: aneurysmAnswer: A localized bulge in the wall of the ventricle, often the late result of infarction.

Question: ventricular Answer: A dysrhythmia arising in the His system.

Question: ectopic activityAnswer: of electric impulses by a secondary pacemaker in the ventricles.

Question: ventricular Answer: Rapid, tremulous, and ineffectual contractions of the cardiac ventricles; arrest.

Question: ventricular Answer: Asystole.

Question: tachycardiaAnswer: Rapid, repetitive firing of a ventricular ectopic focus; a life threatening .

Question: Answer: A very vein.

Question: vernixAnswer: A white, cheesy covering the skin of the newborn.

Question: vertebraAnswer: One of the 33 of the spinal column.

Question: vertebralAnswer: Pertaining to the column.

Question: Answer: The top of the head.

Question: vertigoAnswer: Dizziness; a hallucination of movement; a sensation that the world is spinning around.

Question: VHFAnswer: Very high frequency; the portion of the radio spectrum between 30 and 150 mHz.

Question: Answer: Capable of .

Question: vialAnswer: A glass container storing a sterile powdered or liquid drug for parenteral use, with a rubber stopper, and often containing multiple doses.

Question: Answer: Pertaining to of the body.

Question: visceral Answer: The , membranous covering of the lungs.

Question: capacityAnswer: The volume of air that can be exhaled from the lungs following a full inhalation.

Question: signsAnswer: Measurements of body , including pulse, respirations, and blood pressure.

Question: fluidAnswer: A , transparent substance filling the inside of the eye.

Question: cordsAnswer: structures in the larynx whose vibrations produce sound.

Question: Answer: to the palm side of the arm.

Question: expanderAnswer: An intravenous fluid that stays in the vascular space, a colloid.

Question: voluntary Answer: A situation in which a patient signs into a psychiatric facility of his own free will.

Question: voluntary Answer: The muscles that function under the conscious control of the .

Question: vomitingAnswer: A forceful, active expulsion of contents through the mouth (as opposed to regurgitation, which is passive).

Question: vomitusAnswer: The matter from the stomach by vomiting.

Question: periodAnswer: An interval during the relative refractory period of the ventricular repolarization, corresponding to the of the T wave, in which an ectopic impulse or an unsynchronized current can produce ventricular tachycardia or fibrillation.

Question: Answer: The external parts of the genitalia.

Question: Answer: A unit of energy obtained by multiplying amperes times volts.

Question: watt Answer: Units of electric expressed as watts delivered for 1 second; joules.

Question: Answer: A high pitched, whistling sound characterizing or spasm of the lower airways.

Question: blood cellAnswer: ; the cellular element of the blood that produces antibodies and participates in the inflammatory response.

Question: Answer: Symptoms produced by abstinence from a drug to which one is .

Question: Answer: The small, cartilaginous, and bony of the sternum attached to the lower end of the body of the sternum.

Question: XylocaineAnswer: A name for lidocaine.

Question: zygomaAnswer: The bone.

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