In each blank, try to type in the
word that is missing. If you've
typed in the correct word, the
blank will turn green.
If your not sure what answer should be entered, press the space bar and the next missing letter will be displayed. When you are all done, you should look back over all your answers and review the ones in red. These ones in red are the ones which you needed help on. Question: DiffusionAnswer: No energy is needed. Subtances move from an area of concentration to an area of lower concentration. Question: Answer: No energy is . Water molecules move from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration. Question: FiltrationAnswer: Movement of water and suspended substances through a semipermable membrane. Question: TransportAnswer: Requires energy. Move molecules and ions against a gradient, from an area of lower concentration to one of higher concentration. Question: IsotonicAnswer: When living cells are surrounded by a solution that has the same of particles, the water concentration of the intracellular and extracelluar fluids will be equal. No net fluid shifts occur. Question: Answer: When living cells are surrounded by a solution that has greater concentration of solute than the cells, the water in the cells will move to the more solution and the cells will dehydrate and shrink. Question: HypotonicAnswer: When living cells are surrounded by a solution that has less than the cells swell from the extra fluid (overhydrate). Question: What organ regulates fluid and electrolyte balance by regulating the volume and composition of fluid?Answer: Kidneys Question: Who is at risk for fluid volume?Answer: People who have impaired swallowing, extreme weakness, disorientation or coma, or the unavailability of water; who lose excessive amounts of fluid throught prolonged vomting, diarrhea, hemorrhage, diaphoresis or excessive wound drainage. Question: What treatments can a fluid deficit?Answer: Diuretic therapy and suction w/o fluid replacement. Question: A deficit of sodium in the blood is ?Answer: Hyponatremia Question: When the serum sodium concentration rises above 145 mEq/L a of what exists?Answer: Question: When the potassium below 3.5 mEq/L, what exists?Answer: Hypokalema Question: When serum potassium rises above 5.0 mEq/L a state of what exists?Answer: Hyperkalemia Question: Hyperkalemia can life-threatening?Answer: Cardiac Question: When the calcium level below 8.4 mg/dL it's called?Answer: Hypocalcemia Question: When the calcium level rises above 10.6 mg/dL it's called?Answer: Hypercalcemia Question: When serum levels of magnesemia drop below 1.3 mEq/L it's ?Answer: Hypomagnesemia Question: When serum level of rises above 2.1 mEq/L it's called?Answer: Hypermagnesemia Question: Hypermagnesemia is only in the presence of what ?Answer: Failure Question: Name some causes of Respiratory Answer: Slow, shallow respirations, congestion/obstruction. Question: Name some causes of AcidosisAnswer: Shock (poor circulation), of heavy exercise, Diabetic ketoacidosis, renal failure, and diarrhea Question: Name some causes of Respiratory Answer: Hyperventilation Question: Name some causes of AlkalosisAnswer: Vomiting, Excessive intake and Hypokalemia Question: What are the effects of acidosis on the body?Answer: The major effects is depression of the central nervous system, as evidenced by headaches, lethargy, weakness, and . Question: What to Metabolic Acidosis?Answer: excessive loss or bicarbonate ions or an production or retention of hydrogen ions. Question: What is the cause of Metabolic Acidosis?Answer: Kidney disease, in there is decreased excretion of acids and decreased production of bicarbonate. Question: What does results in?Answer: Alkalosis Question: Hyperventilation is caused by:Answer: Anxiety, high fever, or an overdose of . Question: What is the treatment for ?Answer: Treatment is treating the underlying . Question: Name some and symptoms fo Metabolic acidosisAnswer: , lethargy, confusion, weakness, Kussmaul respirations. Question: What is the evidence that the compensatory mechanisms are working in Metabolic ?Answer: Deep rapid breathing (Kussmaul's ) and secretion of urine with a low pH. Question: What are of Alkalosis on the body?Answer: Overexcitement of the system. The patient may display restlessness, muscle twitching, and tingling and numbness of the fingers and toes. Question: What if Alkalosis progresses?Answer: (severe muscle cramps, carpal-pedal spasms, laryngeal spasms, and stridor (shrill harsh sound upon inspiration)) will occur and seizures and coma result. Question: What is the most common electrolyte imbalance experience?Answer: Question: What are some of Hyponatremia?Answer: Vomiting or diarrhea, decreased secretion of aldosterone, CHF, loss of bile as a result of fistulas, drainage, surgery, and suction. Loss of sodium through burn wounds, adminstration of IV fluids and liver disease with ascites. Question: What is the average intake of ?Answer: 6 to 12 g/day Question: Name some nursing for hyponatremiaAnswer: Replace of water loss with containing sodium, closely monitor patient receiving intravenous solutions to correct hyponatremia. Question: What are the signs and symptoms for Hypernatremia? High of sodium.Answer: 1) Dry mucous membranes 2) Loss of skin turgor
3) Intense thrist 4) Flushed skin 5) 6)Possible elevated temp 7) Weakness 8) Lethargy Question: What are the signs and symptoms for Hyponatremia? Low of sodium.Answer: 1)CNS changes from failure of swollen cells to transmit pulses 2) Confusion 3)Anxiety 4) Anorexia 5) Nausea 6) Vomiting Question: What are the nursing interventions for Hypernatremia? High levels of .Answer: 1) Encourage increase fluid intake 2) Measure I&O 3)Give water tube feedings 4) Restrict sodium intake 5)Monitor temperature. |
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