Chapter 25 Fluid, Electrolyte, and Acid-Base Balance, Dewit 2nd edition Part 1
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
Help!
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| show | No energy is needed. Subtances move from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration.
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| Osmosis | show 🗑
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| show | Movement of water and suspended substances outward through a semipermable membrane.
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| show | Requires energy. Move molecules and ions against a concentration gradient, from an area of lower concentration to one of higher concentration.
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| Isotonic | show 🗑
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| hypertonic | show 🗑
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| show | When living cells are surrounded by a solution that has less solute than the cells swell from the extra fluid (overhydrate).
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| show | Kidneys
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| Who is at risk for deficient fluid volume? | show 🗑
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| What treatments can cause a fluid deficit? | show 🗑
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| show | Hyponatremia
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| show | Hypernatremia
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| When the potassium falls below 3.5 mEq/L, what exists? | show 🗑
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| show | Hyperkalemia
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| show | Cardiac Arrhythmia
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| When the calcium level drops below 8.4 mg/dL it's called? | show 🗑
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| show | Hypercalcemia
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| show | Hypomagnesemia
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| show | Hypermagnesemia
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| Hypermagnesemia is only in the presence of what condition? | show 🗑
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| Name some causes of Respiratory Acidosis | show 🗑
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| Name some causes of Metabolic Acidosis | show 🗑
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| show | Hyperventilation
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| Name some causes of Metabolic Alkalosis | show 🗑
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| show | The major effects is depression of the central nervous system, as evidenced by headaches, lethargy, weakness, and confusion.
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| What leads to Metabolic Acidosis? | show 🗑
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| What is the major cause of Metabolic Acidosis? | show 🗑
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| What does hyperventilation results in? | show 🗑
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| Hyperventilation is usually caused by: | show 🗑
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| What is the treatment for hyperventilation? | show 🗑
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| Name some signs and symptoms fo Metabolic acidosis | show 🗑
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| show | Deep rapid breathing (Kussmaul's respirations) and secretion of urine with a low pH.
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| show | Overexcitement of the nervous system. The patient may display restlessness, muscle twitching, and tingling and numbness of the fingers and toes.
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| What happens if Alkalosis progresses? | show 🗑
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| What is the most common electrolyte imbalance people experience? | show 🗑
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| show | Vomiting or diarrhea, decreased secretion of aldosterone, CHF, loss of bile as a result of fistulas, drainage, gastrointestinal surgery, and suction. Loss of sodium through burn wounds, adminstration of IV fluids and liver disease with ascites.
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| show | 6 to 12 g/day
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| Name some nursing interventions for hyponatremia | show 🗑
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| What are the signs and symptoms for Hypernatremia? High levels of sodium. | show 🗑
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| show | 1)CNS changes from failure of swollen cells to transmit electrical pulses 2) Confusion 3)Anxiety 4) Anorexia 5) Nausea 6) Vomiting
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| show | 1) Encourage increase fluid intake 2) Measure I&O 3)Give water between tube feedings 4) Restrict sodium intake 5)Monitor temperature.
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