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Urinary System Ch. 7

Medical Terminology Davi-Ellen Chabner 9th Edition Chapter 7

QuestionAnswer
CALI/O CALYX
CYST/O URINARY BLADDER
GLOMERUL/O GLOMERULUS
MEAT/O MEATUS
NEPHR/O KIDNEY
PYEL/O RENAL PELVIS
REN/O KIDNEY
TRIGON/O TIRGONE (region of the bladder)
URETER/O URETER
URETHR/O URETHRA
VESIC/O URINARY BLADDER
ALBUMIN/O ALBUMIN
AZOT/O NITROGEN
BACTERI/O BACTERIA
DIPS/O THIRST
KAL/O POTASSIUM
KET/O KETON/O KETONE BODIES (ketoacids and acetone)
lith/o stone
NATR/O SODIUM
NOCT/O NIGHT
OLIG/O SCANTY
-POIETIN SUBSTANCE THAT FORMS
PY/O PUS
-TRIPSY CRUSHING
UR/O URINE (urea)
URIN/O URINE
-URIA URINATION, URINE CONDITION
glomerulonephritis Inflammation of the glomeruli within the kidney
interstitial nephritis inflammation of the connective tissue that lies between the renal tubules.
nephrolithiasis kidney stones (renal calculi)
nephrotic syndrom (nephrosis) group of clinical signs and symptoms caused by excessive protein loss of urine.
polycystic kidney disease multiple fluid-filled sacs (cysts) within and on the kidney
pyelonephritis inflammation of the lining of the renal pelvis and renal parenchyma
renal call carcinoma (hypernephroma) Cancerous tumor of the kidney in adulthood
renal failure kidney decreases excretion of waster as a result of impaired filtration function
renal hypertension high blood pressure resulting from kidney disease
wilms tumor malignant tumor of the kidney occurring in childhood
bladder cancer malignant tumor of the urinary bladder
diabetes insipidus antidiuretic hormone is not secreted adequately or the kidney is resistant to its effects
diabetes mellitus insulin is not secreted adequately or not used properly in the body
blood urea nitrogen (BUN) measurement of urea levels in blood
creatinine clearance measurement of the rate at which creatine is cleared from the blood by the kidney
CT SCAN X-RAY IMAGE SHOW MULTIPLE CROSS SECTIONAL AND OTHER VIEWS OF ORGANS AND TISSUES
KIDNEY, URETERS, AND BLADDER (KUB) x-ray image (without contrast) of the kidneys, ureters and bladder
renal angiography x-ray examination (with contrast) of the blood vessels of the kidney
retrograde pyelogram (RP) x-ray imaging of the renal pelvis and ureters after injection of contrast through a urinary catheter into the ureters from the bladder.
voiding cystourethrogram (VCUG) x-ray record (with contrast) of the urinary bladder and urethra obtained while the patient is voiding
ultrasonography Imaging of urinary tract structure using high-frequency sound waves
radioisotope scan image of the kidney after injecting a radioactive substance (radioisotpe) into the bloodstream
magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) changing magnetic field produces images of the kidney and surrounding structures in three planes of the body
cystoscopy direct visualization of the urethra and urinary bladder with an endoscope (cystoscope)
dialysis process of separating nitrogenous wastes materials from the blood
lithotripsy urinary tract stones are crushed
renal angioplasty dilation of narrowed areas in renal arteries
renal biopsy removal of kidney tissue for microscopic examination
renal transplantation surgical transfer of a kidney from a donor to a recipient
urinary catheterization passage of a flexible, tubular instrument through the urethra into the urinary bladder
ADH ANTIDIURETIC HORMONE
ARF ACUTE RENAL FAILURE
CKD CHRONIC KIDNEY DISEASE
CL- CLORIDE
K+ potassium
Na+ sodium
Pyuria pus
albuminuria protein
hematuria blood
gycosuria sugar
ketonuria ketones or acetones
bacteruria bacteria
azotemia excess nitrogenous waste in the blodstream
polydipsa condition of much thirst
urinary incontinence inability to hold urine in the bladder
enuresis bed-wetting
urinary retention inability to release urine from the bladder
ketosis abnormal condition of ketone bodies (acids and acetones) in the blood and body tissues
sediment abnormal particles present in the urine-cells, bacteria, casts, and crystals
phenylketonuria high levels of this substance appear in urine when a baby is born with a defiecieny of an enzyme. The infant can become mentally retarded if not immediately put on a strict diet that prevents the substance from accumulating in the blood and urine
hematuria smokey red color of urine caused by the presence of blood
pyuria turbid (cloudy) urine caused by the presence of polymorphonuclear leukocytes and pus____
glycosuria Sugar in the urine, a symptom of diabetes mellitus and a result of hyperglycemia
pH the urine test reflects the acidity or alkalinity of the urine
ketonuria high levels of acids and acetones accumulate in the urine as a result of abnormal fat breakdown.
bilirubinuria Dark pigment that accumulate in the urine as a result of abnormal fat breakdown
specific gravity the urine test reflects the concentration of the urine
albuminuria leaky glomeruli can produce a accumulation of protein in the urine
essential hypertension idiopathic high blood pressure
edema swelling, fluid in tissues
stricture narrowed area in a tube
abscess collection of pus
diabetes mellitus inadequate secretion of insulin or improper utilization of insulin leads to this condition
secondary hypertension high blood pressure caused by kidney disease or another disease
catheter tube for withdrawing or giving fluid
diabetes insipidus inadequate secretion or resistance of the kidney to the action of antidiuretic hormone
nephroptosis prolapse of a kidney
renal colic severe pain resulting from a stone that is blocking a ureter or a kidney
nephrectomy excision of a kidney
nephrolithotomy surgical incision into a kidney to remove a stone
cystoscopy visual examination of the urinary bladder via endoscope
lithotripsy crushing of stones
ureteroilestomy new opening of the ureters to a segment of ileum (in place of the bladder)
urethroplasty surgical repair of the urethra
nephrostomy creation of an artificial opening into the kidney (via catheter) from the outside of the body
cystostomy surgical formation of an opening from the bladder to the outside of the body
csytectomy removal of the urinary bladder
ureterolithotomy incision of a ureter to remove a stone
Created by: tvelis
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