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quiz 3
Dance Therapy- Encounter Group
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| dance therapy | Use of dance, movement and rhythmic activity as a medium for treatment or rehabilitation. It is a nonverbal means of expression employed with both individuals and groups |
| data | information |
| database | Information obtained about a client’s past or present level of health during the assess- ment phase |
| day hospital | Psychiatric facility that offers therapeutic programs during daytime hours |
| debilitation | Generalized weakness and lack of strength |
| debriefing | Analysis following an activity which permits clients to think about their partici- pation, to examine their feelings, and to discuss how they may use insights gained from the activity |
| decubitus ulcer | Bedsore or pressure sore |
| deductible | Amount that the client must pay directly to the provider (usually each year) before the insurance plan begins to pay benefits |
| defense mechanisms | Strategies that take place unconsciously to protect oneself from a threat to the integ- rity of the ego or to protect oneself against painful negative feelings. Examples include denial, sublimation and rationalization |
| dehydrate | To remove water |
| dehydration | Excessive loss of water from body tissues |
| deinstitutionalization | Change in mental health care from tradi- tional, institutional care to the provision of community based services |
| déjà vu | Sensation or illusion that one is experienc- ing what one has experienced before |
| delirium | Confused state of consciousness often characterized by delusions, hallucinations and illusions |
| delirium tremens | Delirium characterized by intense trem- ors, anxiety, hallucinations, and delusions suffered by alcoholics after withdrawal of alcohol but also occurring as a result of brain inflammation and senile psychosis. |
| delusion | Fixed false belief or conviction without foundation; often regarding one’s status (delusions of grandeur), persecution (delu- sions of persecution) or oversuspiciousness (paranoid delusions) |
| dementia | Nonspecific but lasting deterioration of intellectual functioning characterized by failing memory, distractibility, impair- ment in judgment and abstraction, reduced language facility, alterations in mood and affect, and disturbance of orientation. Ac- co |
| denial | Defense mechanism by which a person avoids emotional conflicts or anxiety by refusing to acknowledge thoughts, feelings, desires, impulses and other factors that would cause intolerable pain |
| department | Organizational unit within an agency that may function as an independent unit or may be an aspect of another unit, division or service area |
| Department of Health and Human Services (DHHS | Cabinet-level department of the U.S. government that contains units such as the Public Health Service, Administration on Aging, Social Security Administration, and National Institutes of Health |
| dependency | Reliance on another (usually a helping pro- fessional) for psychological support |
| depersonalization | Feelings of unreality or strangeness con- cerning either the environment, the self, or both |
| depression | Wide-range feeling running from unhap- piness to extreme dejection. As a clini- cal syndrome it involves deep sadness or despair, feelings of worthlessness, morbid thinking and greatly reduced psychomotor activity |
| depth perception | Perception of distance between the stimu- lus and the subject |
| dermatitis | Inflammation of the skin |
| detoxification | Process of the removal of the toxic effects of a drug from the body |
| development | Progressive increase in skill and capacity |
| developmental disability | Disability originating before age 18 that may be expected to continue for an indefi- nite period and that constitutes a substantial impairment. Developmental disabilities include epilepsy, cerebral palsy, mental retardation and autism |
| diabetes mellitus | Syndrome arising from an absolute or relative lack of body insulin; symptoms stem from excess glucose. In Type I diabetes mellitus there is little, if any, insulin being made by the body. Type II may be sufficient endogenous insulin but body is unable to |
| diabetic | A person with diabetes caused by a de- ficiency of insulin being secreted by the islands of Langerhans |
| diabetic coma | Excessively high level of sugar in the blood resulting from insufficient insulin in the body |
| Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM) | American Psychiatric Association’s official classification of mental disorders, first pub- lished in 1952. DSM-IV was published in 1994. A revised version, DSM-IV-TR, with new statistical information, was published in 2000 |
| diagnostic related groups | Classification representing 23 major diag- nostic categories that aggregates patients into case types based on diagnosis, age, sex, treatment procedures, and discharge status, predicting use of hospital resources and length of stay |
| dialysis | Process of separating or removing certain substances from the blood when the kidneys fail to perform their normal function |
| diplegia | Paralysis of corresponding parts on both sides of the body (i.e., both arms or both legs) |
| diplopia | Double vision |
| directionality | Awareness of and distinction between and among left, right, up, down, front, back, etc., in the world around one. Awareness of directional relationship in space |
| disability | Physical or mental impairment that sub- stantially limits one or more of an individual’s life activities |
| discharge goal | Outcome to be exhibited by the client upon discharge from the service or agency |
| discharge plan | Plan that summarizes the treatment or rehabilitation provided, the client’s re- sponse, current level of functioning, and recommendations for continued services or aftercare as necessary; used when client is discharged or services are discontinued |
| disease | Literally, the lack of ease; a pathological condition in which physiologic or psycho- logic functions of the body deviate from what is considered to be normal |
| disoriented | Confused as to time, place, and person (the position of the self in relation to other persons); characteristic of organic mental disorders |
| displacement | Defense mechanism in which emotions are transferred from the original person or object to a less formidable, or safer, target. It is the “kick the cat” defense |
| distal | Farthest from the center, from the medial line, or from the trunk; opposed to proxi- mal; far or distant from the origin or point of attachment |
| diversional program | Program of activities designed to divert attention from the client’s problems or concerns. activities to alleviate the boredom of the institutional routine, or to alleviate fear of hospitalization and illness, and to stimulate interest in getting well |
| Dix, Dorothea | (1802-1887) Social reformer known for her work in improving prison conditions and care of persons with mental illness |
| documentation | Act of recording client assessments and in- terventions in the client’s chart. The chart is a permanent record that is considered a legal document and is audited to evaluate changes and quality of care |
| dorsal | Pertaining to the back or posterior; directed toward or situated on the back surface |
| Down’s syndrome | Common type of mental retardation brought on by a congenital condition resulting from a chromosomal abnormality characterized by widely spaced and slanted eyes, a flat face, small ears and congenital anomalies of the heart. |
| DRGs | Diagnostic related groups |
| drug abuse | Use of a drug to obtain effects for which it is not prescribed |
| drug addiction | Condition characterized by an over-whelm- ing desire to continue taking a drug to which one has become habituated through repeated use |
| drug dependence | Psychological or physiological reliance on a chemical agent |
| DTs | Delirium tremens |
| dual diagnosis | To indicate a client or patient has more than one major diagnosis; the most common dual diagnosis is mental illness and substance abuse |
| duration | Length of treatment or rehabilitation services, e.g., services will be provided for three weeks or until client goals are reached |
| dyad | Two-person relationship |
| dysfunctional | Unable to function normally |
| dyslexia | Impairment in the ability to read |
| dysphagia | Difficulity in swallowing |
| dysphasia | Difficulty in comprehending oral language or in trying to express verbal language; the older term for aphasia |
| dyssocial behavior | Behavior of persons who are not classifi- able as antisocial personalities, but who are predatory and follow criminal pursuits. Formally termed sociopathic personalities |
| eating disorders | Marked disturbances in eating behavior including anorexia nervosa and bulimia |
| ECG or EKG | Electrocardiogram or electrocardiograph |
| echolalia | Automatic repetition of another person’s words or phrases |
| eclectic approach | Utilization of therapeutic approaches and techniques selected from various sources or theoretical orientations |
| ecology | Study of the mutual relationship between people and their environment |
| ECT | Electroconvulsive therapy |
| eczema | Skin condition in which fluid is excreted through the skin |
| edema | Abnormal accumulation of fluid in intercel- lular spaces in the tissues |
| EEG | Electroencephalogram |
| effective listening | Active process that can be used in any interpersonal transaction. It involves four major skills: attending, paraphrasing, clari- fying, and perception checking |
| efferent | Conveying away from a center |
| efficacy | Having the desired influence or outcome |
| ego | Part of the psychoanalytic personality (along with the id and superego). It is the rational part that mediates between the id and superego |
| egocentric | Self-centered |
| egogram | Concept from transactional analysis. The egogram is a visual representation of one’s personality using a bar graph to display the amount of energy emanating from the five functional ego states |
| egoist | Selfish person who seeks to satisfy his or her own interests at the expense of others |
| ego states | Concept of transactional analysis that states there are three structural ego states that represent distinct and independent levels of psychological functioning |
| EKG or ECG | Electrocardiogram or electrocardiograph |
| electrocardiogram (EKG or ECG) | Tracing showing changes in electric poten- tial produced by contractions of the heart and used to diagnose heart disease |
| electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) | Treatment used to combat depression and schizophrenia in psychiatric patients. An electric current is applied to the brain through electrodes on the scalp, causing convulsions |
| electro-ejaculation | Means of producing sperm by electrical stimulation from men with ejaculatory dysfunction |
| electroencephalogram | Graphic record of the electrical activity of the brain |
| elopement | “Running” (unauthorized departure) from a psychiatric treatment facility |
| emaciation | State of being extremely thin |
| embolism | Obstruction in a blood vessel caused by the presence of an embolus too large to pass through it (e.g., blood clot) |
| embolus | Any foreign matter, such as a blood clot or air bubble, carried in the blood stream |
| emesis | Vomiting |
| empathy | Ability to perceive the world from the client’s frame of reference or to put oneself in another’s place and understand his or her feelings and behaviors |
| empirical | Based on facts and experience rather than theory or philosophical principles; system- atic observation and experiment |
| encephalitis | Inflammation of the brain |
| encopresis | Involuntary passage of feces, usually during sleep at night |
| encounter group | Group whose major goals are awareness and genuineness. Concern is not so much with the transfer of learning but with the encounters among members. Sessions tend to be emotionally charged, dealing with feelings of love and aggression |
Created by:
mmg57
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