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Clinical Psychology
Week 1 Powerpoints
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What is Clinical Psychology? | Integrates science, theory, and practice to understand, predict, and alleviate maladjustment. |
| What does Clinical Psychology focus on? | Intellectual, emotional, biological, psychological, social and behavior aspects of human functioning. |
| What is evidence-based practice? | Services based on the science of psychology |
| First criticism of Evidence-Based Practice? | Applying group-based research to individuals. How well does that translate over to an idiosyncratic individual with unique situations? |
| Second criticism of Evidence-Based Practice? | A lot of people do not have the time to wait for "the data" that supports its use. |
| Third criticism of Evidence-Based Practice? | Does a such thing as "evidence" even exist? |
| First problem with Psychological Treatment? | Treatments vary in the time of development, and the number of studies testing their effects. |
| Second problem with Psychological Treatment? | Some of the treatments administered presently were first developed over 100 years ago, so they have very little scientific evidence supporting their use. The fact that they have been used so long may not be reason enough to support its use. |
| What is McFall's main view toward EBP? | He believes EBP is the only acceptable form in clinical psychology. You need to be able to think like a scientist even if you aren't exactly working in the research field |
| What do doctoral programs strive for? | They want to produce the most competent clinical psychologists possible. And for McFall this means they need to strive for creating scientific clinicians. |
| What is first criteria that must be met before EBP services are offered to the public? | Description of the nature of the service (to the public) |
| What is the second criteria that must be met before EBP services are offered to the public? | An explicit statement of the benefits must be given to the public |
| What is the third criteria that must be met before EBP services are offered to the public? | The benefits must be scientifically supported |
| What is the last criteria that must be met before EBP services are offered to the public? | Scientific tests should ensure that the side effects do not outweigh the benefits of the service |
| What is the first take-home message about evidence in general? | Evidence should not be seen as a "gatekeeper" protecting against ineffective practices. Evidence should be a GUIDE. |
| What is the second take-home message about evidence in general? | Evidence should be used to predict what might work best for the patient in front of you |
| What is the third take-home message about evidence in general? | It might be that one patient treated in a clinic does not resemble any one patient in prior research. There could be a problem with generalization. |
| What can evidence be useful for? | Having evidence that remotely approximates what the patient needs can be used as a guide for providing services Any guide is better than no guide, and it is also better than going by "gut feelings" or intuition as the guide |
| What traditionally differentiates Counseling Psychology? | Severity of patient dysfunction |
| Define Counseling Psychology | Assessment and treatment of problems in life functioning (e.g. a big move, stress at work, etc.) The boundaries between clinical and counseling are fading... |
| Define Clinical Psychology | Assessment and treatment of psychopathology (e.g. depression, anxiety, depression) |
| Define School Psychology | Training in psychology and education Focused on intellectual functioning, academic achievement, and learning difficulties Not very separated from Clinical Child Psychologists |
| Psychiatry differences | Medical school and residency Rarely treat basic health problems Focus on biological functioning; looking at symptom change with medication Not a lot of research training Psychiatrists also get less training in development, cognition, and learn |
| Social Work | Restoring social functioning Social workers provide a large portion of mental health care, including services typically conducted by clinicians |
| How many people meet criteria for mental disorder? | 1 in 10 people worldwide |
| How many mental health professionals for every person? | 1 professional for every 10,000 people with significant mental health concerns |
| Access to mental health services | Access is unacceptably low overall; particularly poor in rural areas |
| Problem with Research vs. Practice | There is a big divide between what research says are effective treatments and the treatments patients receive in routine clinical practice |
| Experience in Practice | Little evidence supports a relation between clinical experience and effective clinical practice |
| What is McFall's call for advocacy? | His call for advocacy among clinical scientists to promote clinical psychology as a field driven by science |
| McFall's argument | He argues against the traditional distinction between "science" and "practice" |
| McFall's overall gist | Does not matter which type of psychologist you are (practicing or research), you should approach your work scientifically, tempering experiences with objectivity. Only form of acceptable clinical psychology is scientifically based |
| McFall and Use of Science | ALL ethical clinical psychologists are scientists by nature in how they carry out their work and make decisions about patient care |
| McFall: Who are competent psychologists? | He does NOT believe that the only competent psychologists are those who call science a career |
Created by:
roxandsocks
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