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CFD Pharmacology 1

Biotel Drugs

QuestionAnswer
Adenosine - Class Atrial Antiarrhythmic
Adenosine - Route Rapid IV push in the AC. OR, IO, Rapid push - alternative last resort site.
Adenosine - Adult Dose 12mg followed by 20ml NS flush. If no conversion within 1-2 minutes, repeat dose.
Adenosine - Pediatric Dose WITH BIOTEL AUTHORIZATION ONLY 0.1mg/kg rapid push (max 6 mg) followed immediately by 5ml NS flush. If no conversion within 1-2 minutes, 0.2mg/kg rapid push (max 12mg) followed immediately by a rapid 5ml NS flush.
Adenosine - Drug Action Slows conduction through the AV node therby terminating reentrant tachycardia. Causes transient AV block. Vasodilation.
Adenosine - Onset and Duration Immediate onset, 10 second duration.
Adenosine - Indications PSVT, Standing order administration for stable adults only. Biotel must authorize administration in unstable adults and in the pediatric patient.
Adenosine - Precautions Assure rhythm is not ventricular in origin. Explain expected side effect to pt. Monitor patient and ECG continuously. Use with caution: COPD, CHF, CAD.
Adenosine - Further precautions Contact BioTel prior to administration for any of the following: Asthma patient taking bronchodilators (theophylline class) Seizure patient taking carbamazepine (Tegretol). Recent caffeine ingestion.
Adenosine - Side effects Flushing, sweating, chest pain, nausea/vomiting, lightheadedness, transient arrhythmias, transient asystole.
Adenosine - Contraindications 2nd or 3rd degree heart block. Atrial fibrillation or flutter. Sick Sinus Syndrome. Dipyridamole (Persantine). Organophosphate ingestion. Poisoning/Drug-induced tachycardia.
Adenosine - Special instructions Record rhythm strip during administration.
Albuterol - Class Sympathomimetic
Albuterol - Route Inhalation (via nebulizer)
Albuterol - Adult and Pediatric Dose 2.5mg given via nebulizer over 5-15 minutes - standing order. If no improvement after the first dose: may administer two additional doses. Combine 2nd and 3rd doses with Ipratropium 0.5mg - standing order.
Albuterol - Doses continued For status asthmaticus, medics may administer the albuterol and ipratropium combination at each of the three doses. Biotel must authoirize additional doses beyond three.
Albuterol - Drug Action Bronchodilation (beta-two andrenergic)
Albuterol - Onset 5-15 minutes after inhalation.
Albuterol - Duration 3-4 hours after inhalation
Albuterol - Indications Bronchospasm associatd with: Asthma and COPD. Chemical toxins: nerve agents, cyanide, blistering agents, choking agents. Allergic reaction unresponsive to epinephrine and diphenhydramine. CHF - BIOTEL AUTHORIZATION ONLY.
Albuterol - Precautions Known heart disease
Albuterol - Side Effects Restlessness, Hypertension, Tachycardia - palpitations.
Albuterol - Contraindications Pregnancy, except in life-threatening situations.
Amiodarone HCL - Class Antiarrhythmic
Amiodarone HCL - Route IV or IO push only
Amiodarone HCL - Adult Dose Ventricular fibrillation or pulseless v-tach: First dose 300mg. Second dose 150mg. For stable or unstable, sustained vtach with pulse 150mg over 10 minutes WITH BIOTEL AUTHORIZATION ONLY.
Amiodarone HCL - Pediatric Dose Ventricular fibrillation; pulseless vtach; stable, unstable, sustained, or non-sustained vtach with a pulse: 5mg/kg in 100mL NS slow push over 30 minutes WITH BIOTEL AUTHORIZATION ONLY.
Amiodarone HCL - Drug Action Alters movement of sodium, potassium and calcium through normal channels therby: increasing the refractory period of all cardiac tissues, slowing repolarization, decreasing automaticity. It is an Alpha and beta blocker.
Amiodarone HCL - Onset and Duration Onset within minutes, Duration is variable
Amiodarone HCL - Indications Ventricular fibrillation or puseless vtach that does not respond to initial defibrillation attempts. Sustained vtach with a pulse.
Amiodarone HCL - Precautions Do not shake (prevents foaming); draw-up with large gauge needle. Protect from light. Avoid contact with plastic; administer at closest IV/IO port. Use with caution in renal failure patients.
Amiodarone HCL - Side Effects Bradycardia, Hypotension
Amiodarone HCL - Contraindications Trauma patients
Aspirin - Class Analgesic, anti-inflammatory, antipyretic, anti-platelet aggregator.
Aspirin - Route Orally (chewed)
Aspirin - Adult Dose 1 325mg adult aspiron or four 81mg baby aspirin - standing order regardless of whether the patient has taken any aspirin within the previous 24 hours.
Aspirin - Pediatric Dose Not normally given to pediatric patients by EMS - BIOTEL AUTHORIZATION ONLY
Aspirin - Drug Action Blocks pain impulses in the CNS. Dilates peripheral vessels. Reduces platelet stickiness. Reduces coronary artery vasoconstriction.
Aspirin - Onset and Duration 15-30 minute onset, 4-6 hour duration.
Aspirin - Indications Chest pain believed to be of cardiac origin.
Aspirin - Precautions Any significant bleeding
Aspirin - Side effects None for pre-hospital.
Aspirin - Contraindications Aspirin allergy, Aspirin-induced asthma.
Atropine Sulfate - Class Anticholinergic/Parasympatholytic agent
Atropine Sulfate - Route IV or IO, rapid push. Deep IM for nerve agent exposure.
Atropine Sulfate - Adult Dose Symptomatic Bradycardia: standing order - 0.5-1.0mg push - Biotel must approve additional doses. For Organophosphate poisoning: BIOTEL AUTHORIZATION ONLY - 2mg push every 5-15 minutes until excessive secretions are diminished.
Atropine Sulfate - Adult Dose Nerve agent exposure BIOTEL AUTHORIZATION ONLY - 2-20mg IM, IV, IO.
Atropine Sulfate - Pediatric Dose Symptomatic bradycardia unresponsive to O2 and ventilation: standing order 0.02mg/kg (minimum single dose 0.1mg) IV or IO. May repeat once to a max cumulative dose of 1mg. Organophosphate poisoning: BIOTEL AUTHORIZATION ONLY - 0.05mg/kg push every 20 min
Atropine Sulfate - Pediatric dose for PAI premedication Standing order of 0.01mg/kg push two minutes prior to intubation.
Atropine Sulfate - Drug Action Reverses suspected vagal tone in some types of bradycardia. Blocks acetylcholine in organophosphate poisonings (pesticide or nerve agent)
Atropine Sulfate - Onset and duration Onset: Rapid, Duration: 2-6 hours.
Atropine Sulfate - Indications Symptomatic bradycardia. Organophosphate pesticide poisoning. Chemical exposure due to nerve agent. Pharmacologically - Assisted Intubation.
Atropine Sulfate - Precautions If given too slowly, can cause transient bradycardia. Administer into medication port closest to IV/IO site. Notify BioTel before giving to patients with glaucoma.
Atropine Sulfate - Side effects Tachycardia, Dilated pupils (may make pupil assessment unrelliable), Anticholinergic effects: dry mouth, blurred vision, decreased sweating, confusion.
Atropine Sulfate - Contraindications Hypothermic bradycardia.
Created by: NathanJK
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