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Unit 3C Terms

Biological Bases of Behavior

QuestionAnswer
Behavior Genetics The study of the relative power and limits of genetic and environmental influences on behavior.
Environment Every non-genetic influence, from prenatal nutrition to the people and things around us.
Chromosomes Threadlike structures made of DNA molecules that contain the genes.
DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) A complex molecule containing the genetic information that makes up the chromosomes.
Genome The complete instructions for making an organism, consisting of all the genetic material in the organism's chromosomes.
Genes The biochemical units of heredity that makes up the chromosomes; segments of DNA capable of synthesizing a protein.
Natural Selections The principle that, among the range of inherited trait variations, those contributing to reproduction and survival will most likely be passed on to succeeding generations.
Mutation A random error in the gene replication that leads to change.
Identical Twins Twins who develop from a singe fertilized egg that splits in two, creating two genetically identical organisms.
Fraternal Twins Twins who develop from separate fertilized eggs. They are genetically no closer than brothers and sisters, but they share a fetal environment.
Heritability The proportion of variation among individuals that we can attribute to genes. The heritability of a trait may vary, depending on the range of populations and environments studied.
Interaction The interplay that occurs when the effect of one factor (such as environment) depends on another factor (such as heredity).
Molecular Genetics The subfield of biology that studies the molecular structure and function of genes.
Evolutionary Psychology The study of the roots of behavior and mental processes using the principles of natural selection.
Culture The enduring behaviors, ideas, attitudes, values and traditions shared by a group of people and transmitted from one generation to the next.
X Chromosome The sex chromosomes found in both men and women. Females have two X chromosomes; males have one. An X chromosome from each parent produces a female child.
Y Chromosome The sex chromosome found only in males. When paired with an X chromosome from the mother, it produces a male child.
Behavior Genetics The study of the relative power and limits of genetic and environmental influences on behavior.
Memes An idea, behavior, style or usage that spreads from person to person within a culture.
Created by: APPsychology
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