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Also known as Singer’s nodule. A benign non-inflammatory reactive change usually localized to true vocal cords.
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Etiology of Juvenile Laryngeal Papillomatosis
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Lecture 6
HEENT
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Also known as Singer’s nodule. A benign non-inflammatory reactive change usually localized to true vocal cords. | Laryngeal Nodule |
| Etiology of Juvenile Laryngeal Papillomatosis | Human Papilloma Virus (HPV) |
| Gross and Microscopic features of Juvenile Laryngeal Papillomatosis | Gross: Multiple papillary growths on vocal cords. |
| Prognosis of Juvenile Laryngeal Papillomatosis | High recurrence rate. Usually benign. Very rare development of squamous cell carcinoma. |
| Most common malignant tumor of the larynx | Squamous cell carcinomas. Usually seen in men over the age of 40 years. |
| Risk factors of laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma | Cigarette smoking, heavy ethanol consumption |
| (T or F) Glottic squamous cell carcinomas tend to have a higher rate of lymph node metastasis than transglottic tumors. | False |
| Inflammatory swelling of the nasal mucosa. Soft polypoid masses, typically bilateral. Symptoms may include nasal obstruction and rhinorrhea. | Inflammatory (Allergic) Polyps |
| (T or F) Inflammatory (Allergic) Polyps is associated with cystic fibrosis | True |
| Presents with nasal obstruction, nasal stuffiness, and epitaxis. Unilateral growth. M>F. Two morphologic subtypes: Fungiform and Inverted. | Sinonasal papilloma |
| (T or F) Fungiform subtype of sinonasal papilloma are typically benign. | True |
| (T or F) Inverted subtype of sinonasal papilloma can progress to squamous cell carcinoma. | True |
| Testosterone-dependent tumor that arises from the fibrovascular nidus in the posterolateral nasal cavity. Typically found in adolescent males. | Angiofibroma |
| Risk factors of Squamous Cell Carcinoma | Cigarette smoking and nickel ore exposure |
| Etiology of lymphoepithelium | Strong association with EBV and Asian ancestry |
| Microscopic feature of Lymphoepithelium | (1) Syncytial growth of polygonal epithelial cells with oval vesicular nuclei and prominent nucleoli. (2) Non-neoplastic inflammatory infiltrate (esp. lymphocytes). |
| Microscopic feature of estheioneuroblastoma | (1) nests or sheets of uniform small cells with scant cytoplasm (2) neurofibrillary stroma (3) Homer Wright rosettes |
| Most common neoplasm of salivary glands. High incidence in females than males. | Pleomorphic Adenoma (benign mixed tumor) |
| Most common location of pleomorphic adenoma and Warthin’s tumor | Parotid gland |
| Microscopic feature of pleomorphic adenoma | Admixture of epithelial (glands or cords of small cuboidal cells) and stroma (fibromyxoid +/- cartilaginous differentiation) components |
| (T or F) Malignant transformation of pleomorphic adenoma can either involve the epithelial and stroma components. | False |
| Microscopic features of Warthin’s tumor | Oncocytic epithelium overlying lymphoid stroma with follicles |
| Most common malignant salivary gland tumor in children | Mucoepidermoid carcinoma |
| Most common tumor of minor salivary glands. Highly malignant tumor that has a high propensity for perineural invasion, greatly limiting the chances for complete surgical excision. | Adenoid Cystic Carcinoma |
| (T or F) Intraparotid lymph nodes only receive metastases from regional primary tumors | False |
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