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Antidysrhythmic prolongs duration of action potential and refractory period.
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Relaxes smooth muscles, reducing peripheral vascular resistance and increasing coronary blood flow.
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MFR#1
Pharmacology
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Antidysrhythmic prolongs duration of action potential and refractory period. | Amiodarone (Antidysrhythmic) |
| Relaxes smooth muscles, reducing peripheral vascular resistance and increasing coronary blood flow. | Amiodarone (Antidysrhythmic) |
| Indicated for life threatening recurrent ventricular and supraventricular dysrhythmias that have not responded to other antidysthythmic agents. | Amiodarone (Antidysrhythmic) |
| Contraindicated for cardiogenic shock, severe sinus bradycardia, advanced heart block. | Amiodarone (Antidysrhythmic) |
| precautions of hepatic impairment, pregnancy, nursing mothers, children. | Amiodarone (Antidysrhythmic) |
| Dosage for V-Fib is 300mg IV push; then repeat 150mg IV push prn. | Amiodarone (Antidysrhythmic) |
| Dosage for V-Tach 150-300mg IV over 10min, then 1mg/min for 6hrs. | Amiodarone (Antidysrhythmic) |
| Dosage for PED: V-Fib is 5mg/kg IV/IO, then repeat up to 15mg/kg. | Amiodarone (Antidysrhythmic) |
| Dosage for PED: V-Tach is 5mg/kg IV/IO over 20-60 min, then repeat up to 15mg/kg. | Amiodarone (Antidysrhythmic) |
| Blocks parasympathetic nervous system, specifically the vagal effects on heart rate. | Atropine (Parasympatholytic) |
| Does not increase contractility but may increase myocardial O2 demand. Decreases airway secretions. | Atropine (Parasympatholytic) |
| Indicated for hemodynamically significant bradycardia and organophosphate poisoning. | Atropine (Parasympatholytic) |
| Precautions of AMI, glaucoma, hypothermia, bradycardia. | Atropine (Parasympatholytic) |
| Dosage for Bradycardia is .5mg IV; repeat 3-5min to 3mg. | Atropine (Parasympatholytic) |
| Dosage for organophosphate poisoning 2-5mg IV-IO-IM 10-15min. | Atropine (Parasympatholytic) |
| Selective beta blocker that reduces the rate of cardiac contraction and lowers cardiac output and blood pressure. | Atenolol (Antidysrhythmic, Antihypertensive) |
| Indicated for Non-Qwave MI and instable angina. | Atenolol (Antidysrhythmic, Antihypertensive) |
| Contraindicated in sinus bradycardia, 2nd & 3rd degree heart block, CHF, cardiogenic failure or shock. | Atenolol (Antidysrhythmic, Antihypertensive) |
| Precautions for Asthma, COPD, CHF controlled by digitalis and diuretics. | Atenolol (Antidysrhythmic, Antihypertensive) |
| Dosage of 5mg slow IV 5min up to 15mg | Atenolol (Antidysrhythmic, Antihypertensive) |
| Naturally occuring agent that chemically cardioverts PSVT to normal sinus rhythm. | Adenosine (Antidysrhythmic) |
| Indicated for narrow, complex supraventricular tachycardia refractory to vagal maneuvers. | Adenosine (Antidysrhythmic) |
| Contraindicated in 2nd & 3rd degree heart block, sinus node disease, asthma. | Adenosine (Antidysrhythmic) |
| May cause transient dysrhythmias, COPD | Adenosine (Antidysrhythmic) |
| Dosage of 6mg rapid IV, rapid saline flush, followed by 12mg rapid IV if needed every 1-2 min. | Adenosine (Antidysrhythmic) |
| Interfere with development of angiotensin, reducing peripheral vascular resistance, BP & cardiac preload. | Ace Inhibitor |
| Indicated for AMI, heart failure without hypotension, hypertension. | Ace Inhibitor |
| Contraindicated in pregnancy, elevated serum potasssium, hypotension<100, hypovolemia, IV form in STEMI. | Ace Inhibitor |
| Derived form of human tPA promotes thrombolysis by forming plasmin. | Alteplase Recombinant (Thrombolitic) |
| Degrades fibrin and fibrinogen and ultimately the clot. | Alteplase Recombinant (Thrombolitic) |
| Indicated for AMI, acute ischemic stroke and pulmonary embolism. | Alteplase Recombinant (Thrombolitic) |
| Contraindicated for internal bleeding, aortic dissection, traumatic CPR, recent surgery or stroke. | Alteplase Recombinant (Thrombolitic) |
| Dosage for MI is 15mg IV, then .75mg/kg up to 50mg over 30min. then .5mg/kg up to 35 mg over 60 min up to 100mg. | Alteplase Recombinant (Thrombolitic) |
| Dosage for stroke is .09mg/kg over 1min, then .91mg/kg up to 90mg over 60min. | Alteplase Recombinant (Thrombolitic) |
| Dosage for PE is 100mg IV over 2hrs. | Alteplase Recombinant (Thrombolitic) |
| Prolongs bronchodilation and decreased mucus production and has mild cardiac and CNS stimulating effects. | Aminophylline (Methylxanthine Bronchodilator) |
| Indicated for bronchospasm in asthma and COPD refractory to sympathomimetic and other bronchodilators and in CHF. | Aminophylline (Methylxanthine Bronchodilator) |
| Contraindicated in with hypersensitivity to methylxanthines or uncontrolled cardiac dysrhythmias. | Aminophylline (Methylxanthine Bronchodilator) |
| Dosage is 250-500mg IV over 20-30 min. | Aminophylline (Methylxanthine Bronchodilator) |
| Indicated for chest pain suggestive of MI. | Aspirin |
| Contraindicated for hypersensitivity to salicylates, active ulcer disease, asthma. | Aspirin |
| Dosage of 160-325mg PO | Aspirin |
| Synthetic sympathomimetic that causes bronchodilation with less cardiac effect than Epi | Albuterol (Sympathomimetic Bronchodilator) |
| Reduces mucus secretions, pulmonary capillary leaking and edema in the lungs during allergic reactions | Albuterol (Sympathomimetic Bronchodilator) |
| Indicated for bronchospasm and asthma in COPD. | Albuterol (Sympathomimetic Bronchodilator) |
| Dosage is 90mcg via MDI. | Albuterol (Sympathomimetic Bronchodilator) |
| Dosage is 2.5mg in 2.5/3ml in NS via NEB. | Albuterol (Sympathomimetic Bronchodilator) |
| Adsorbs and bind toxins from the gastrointestinal tract. | Activated Charcoal (Actidose, Adsorbent) |
| Indicated for acute ingested poisoning. | Activated Charcoal (Actidose, Adsorbent) |
| Contraindicated for incontrolled airway, ingestion of cyanide, mineral acids, caustic alkalis, organic solvents, iron, ethanol, methanol. | Activated Charcoal (Actidose, Adsorbent) |
| 1g.kg mixed w 6-8oz water then PO or NG tube. | Activated Charcoal (Actidose, Adsorbent) |
| Clinically proven analgesic/antipyretic. | Acetaminophen (Analgesic, Antipyretic) |
| Indicated for mild to moderated pain and fever when aspirin is not tolerated. | Acetaminophen (Analgesic, Antipyretic) |
| Contraindicated with hypersensitivity, kids under 3. | Acetaminophen (Analgesic, Antipyretic) |
| Dosage of 325-650mg PO. | Acetaminophen (Analgesic, Antipyretic) |
| Related to furosemide with faster onset, 40x more potent, shorter duration and produces only mild hypotension. | Bumetanide (Loop Diuretic) |
| Indicated to promote diuresis in CHF and pulmonary edema. | Bumetanide (Loop Diuretic) |
| Contraindicated for hypersensitivity to sulfonamides. | Bumetanide (Loop Diuretic) |
| Dosage is .5-1mg IM/IV over 1-2min, repeat in 2-3 hrs prn. | Bumetanide (Loop Diuretic) |
| Centrally acting synthetic narcotic analgesic 5x more potent than morphine. | Butorphanol(Synthetic Narcotic Analgesic) |
| Indicated for moderate to severe pain. | Butorphanol (Synthetic Narcotic Analgesic) |
| Contraindicated in head injury and undiagnosed abdominal pain. | Butorphanol (Synthetic Narcotic Analgesic) |
| Dosage of 1mg IV or 3-4mg over 2-4hrs. | Butorphanol (Synthetic Narcotic Analgesic) |
| Inhibits platelet aggregation and prolongs clotting time. | Clopidogrel (Anti-Platelet Agent) |
| Indicated in ST segment depression MI and dynamic T-wave inversion and for MI and stroke pts who cannot tolerate aspirin. | Clopidogrel (Anti-Platelet Agent) |
| Dosage of 300-600mg PO | Clodidogrel (Anti-Platelet Agent) |
| Increases myocardial contractile force and increases ventricular automaticity. | Calcium Chloride (Electrolyte) |
| Indicated for hyperkalemia, hypermagnesemia, hypocalcemia, calcium channel blocker toxicity. | Calcium Chloride (Electrolyte) |
| Contraindicated in V-Fib, hypercalcemia, possible digitalis toxicity. | Calcium Chloride (Electrolyte) |
| Dosage is 500-1000mg IV (5-10ml of 10% solution)prn. | Calcium Chloride (Electrolyte) |
| Long acting synthetic adrenocorticoid with intense antiinflammatory activity. | Dexamethasone (Steroid) |
| Prevents the accumulation of inflammation generating cells at the sites of infection or injury. | Dexamethasone (Steroid) |
| Indicated for Anaphylaxis, asthma, COPD, spinal cord edema. | Dexamethasone (Steroid) |
| Dosage of 4-24mg IV/IM | Dexamethasone (Steroid) |
| Blocks histamine release, reducing bronchoconstriction, vasodilation, and edema | Diphenhydramine (Antihistamine) |
| Indicated for anaphylaxis, allergic reactions and dystonic reactions. | Diphenhydramine (Antihistamine) |
| Contraindicated in asthma and other lower respiratory disease. | Diphenhydramine (Antihistamine) |
| Dosage of 25-50 IV/IM. | Diphenhydramine (Antihistamine) |
| Slow calcium channel blocker similar to verapamil. | Diltiazem (Calcium Channel Blocker) |
| Dilates coronary and peripheral arteries and arterioles, increasing circulation to the heart and reducing peripheral vascular resistance. | Diltiazem (Calcium Channel Blocker) |
| Indicated for supraventricular tachydysrhythmias and to increase coronary artery perfusion in angina. | Diltiazem (Calcium Channel Blocker) |
| Contraindicated in sick sinus syndrome, 2nd&3rd degree heart block, systolic BP<90, diastolic BP<60, wide complex tachycardia and WPW. | Diltiazem (Calcium Channel Blocker) |
| Dosage is .25mg/kg (15-20mg) IV over 2min, may repeat in 15min with .35 mg/kg (20-25mg) over 2min. | Diltiazem (Calcium Channel Blocker) |
| Rapid-acting cardiac glycoside used in the treatment of CHF and rapid atrial dysrhythmias. | Digoxin (Cardiac Glycoside) |
| Increases the force and velocity of myocadial contraction and cardiac output. | Digoxin (Cardiac Glycoside) |
| Decreases conduction through th AV node, decreasing heart rate. | Digoxin (Cardiac Glycoside) |
| Indicated to increase cardiac output in CHF and to stabillize supraventricular tachydysrhythmias. | Digoxin (Cardiac Glycoside) |
| Contraindicated in V-Fib, ventricular tachycardia except due to CHF. | Digoxin (Cardiac Glycoside) |
| Dosage of .004-.006mg/kg over 5min.(4-6mcg/kg) | Digoxin (Cardiac Glycoside) |
| Simple sugar that the body rapidly metabolizes to create energy. | D50W (Carbohydrate) |
| Indicated in hypoglycemia | D50W (Carbohydrate) |
| Dosage of 25g IV (50ml) | D50W (Carbohydrate) |
| Cautioned for increased ICP. | D50W (Carbohydrate) |
| Determine blood glucose level before administration. | D50W (Carbohydrate) |
| PED: 2-4ml/kg of 25% solution IV | D50W (Carbohydrate) |
| Benzodiazapine sedative and skeletal muscle relaxant that reduces tremors. | Diazepam |
| Induces amnesia and reduces incidence and recurrence of seizures. | Diazepam |
| Relaxes muscle spasms in orthopedic injuries and produces amnesia for painful procedures. | Diazepam |
| Indicated for major motor seizures, status epilepticus, muscle tremors, scute anxiety. | Diazepam |
| Premedication before cardioversion | Diazepam |
| Contraindicated for hypersensitivity, shock, coma, acute alcoholism, depressed vital signs, ob pt and neonates | Diazepam |
| Cautioned for psychoses, depression, myasthenia gravis, hepatic/renal impairment. | Diazepam |
| Cautioned for addiction, elderly or very ill pts, COPD. | Diazepam |
| Due to short half life of the drug, seizure activity may recur. | Diazepam |
| Dosage for seizures is 5-10mg IV/IM PED is .5-2mg IV/IM | Diazepam |
| Dosage for Acute Anxiety is 2-5mg IV/IM PED is .5-2mg IM | Diazepam |
| Dosage for premedication is 5-15mg IV PED .2-.5mg/kg IV | Diazepam |
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