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Newborn

Pediatrics

QuestionAnswer
What does the APGAR scoring system acronym stand for? 1. Appearance 2. Pulse (HR) 3. Grimace (reflex) 4. Activity (tone) 5. Respirations
When is the Apgar score assessed? at 1 and 5 minutes after delivery
What i the difference between: 1. Caput succedaneum 2. Cephalohematoma 3. Subgaleal hematoma 1. below skin, above galea aponeurotica 2. below periostium, above bone 3. below galea aponeurotica, above periostium
Newborn examination: 1. Firm, white papules; no erythema 2. blue-gray macules on presacral, back or posterior thighs 3. white papules on midline palate 1. milia 2. Mongolian spots 3. Epstein pearls
In newborn: 1. yellow-white papules/pustules with erythematous base 2. Erythematous papules on face 3. area of alopecia with orange-colored skin 1. Erythema toxicum 2. neonatal acne 3. nevus sebaceous
What are these findings called? What conditions are they associated with? 1. Portion of iris is missing, creating a small cleft 2. absent iris 1. coloboma; CHARGE associations 2. aniridia; Wilms tumor
When should undescended testes be considered for surgical intervention? 6 mos-1 year of age
Preterm infant born with respiratory distress 1. Best initial diagnostic test 2. Most accurate diagnostic test. 1. CXR with ground glass appearance 2. L/S ratio less than 1.5
Newborn with respiratory distress 1. after delivery by Cesarean section. 2. with scaphoid abdomen 1. Transient tachypnea of the newborn 2. diaphragmatic hernia
Differential for meconium plugs meconium plugs (firm meconium from low water content) 1. Hirschsprung disease 2. cystic fibrosis 3. small left colon in infant of diabetic mother
Baby has not passed meconium. Abdominal x-ray shows bowel loops in right lower quadrant. Treatment? Gastrografin enema
Infant born with low Apgar score, has bloody stools after feeding. Necrotizing enterocolitis
1. Can conjugated or unconjugated bilirubin cross the blood brain barrier? 2. What is kernicterus 1. unconjugated 2. accumulation of unconjugated bilirubin in the basal ganglia and brain stemp nuclei
Physiologic or Pathologic jaundice 1. appears in first 24 hours of life 2. peak bilirubin < 13 mg/dL 1. pathologic 2. physiologic
What is the next step in workup after determining that a newborn has indirect hyperbilirubinema Coombs test
1 month old with fair hair, fair skin and projectile vomiting od 4 days duration. Musty body odor. PKU
What is the main investigative test for the TORCH infections? antibody titers
1. Newborn with chorioretinitis, hydrocephalus and intracranial calcifications. 2. Treatment 1. Toxoplasmosis 2. Sulfadiazide and leucovorin
Newborn with cataracts, deafness and heart defects. Congenital Rubella
Newborn with jaundice, periventricular calcifications and chorioretinitis. Cytomegalovirus
1. What is the treatment for a newborn whose mother developed varicella 2. Only treat if mother develops varicella at what time period? 1. VZIG varicella zoster immune globulin 2. 5 days before to 2 days after delivery
Congenital infections with desquamating skin rash. syphilis
Newborn with skin vesicles, keratoconjunctivitis. Herpes
Newborn with sucking movements, tongue thrusting and brief apneic spells. Seizures
Cause of neonatal seizures in: 1. term baby 2. preterm 3. infant of diabetic mother 1. hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy 2. Intraventricular hemorrhage (ultrasound) 3. hypoglycemia
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