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What can cause umbilicus protrusion?
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What is normal bowel sounds?
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PtAssessGIT
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What can cause umbilicus protrusion? | Ascites |
| What is normal bowel sounds? | 5-35/min and irregular |
| What will gastroenteritis do to sounds? | Increased sounds |
| What will early intestinal obstruction do to sounds? | Increased sounds |
| What will fluid under pressure do to sounds? | High pitched |
| What will obstruction do to sounds? | High pitched |
| What will peritonitis do to sounds? | Decreased sounds |
| Which kidney is easier to feel? | Right |
| What will have pain on inspiration, shallow respirations, and reduced bowel sounds, as well as cutaneous hyperesthesia? | Peritoneal Irritation |
| Guarding + rebound tender + periumbilical/epigastric pain localized to RLQ? | Appendicitis |
| What is heel jar test for? | Appendicitis |
| Rebound tenderness & sharp pain when pressing on RLQ? What is this test called & what for? | McBurney Test- appendicitis |
| RLQ pain intensified by LLQ pressure? Called and what for? | Rovsing's Sign- appendicitis |
| Hand on lower thigh, patient raises leg while you press down on the leg? Called and what for? | Psoas Sign- appendicitis |
| Flex right leg at 90 degrees, rotate leg medial & lateral? Called and what for? | Obturator Sign- appendicitis |
| What will have hyperesthesia in RLQ, with anorexia, N/V and usually no bowel movement since Sx started? | Appendicitis |
| What is LUQ pain that radiates to left shoulder? Pain worsens when bed of foot elevated? | Splenic Rupture |
| What is Kehr Sign refer to? (2) | Splenic Rupture, renal calculi |
| Sudden severe pain and N/V, necrosis/gangrene/pancreatic hemorrhage? | Pancreatitis |
| Ecchymosis around umbilicus? Called and what for? | Positive Cullen Sign- Pancreatitis |
| Ecchymosis of flanks? Called and what for? | Positive Gray Turner Sign- pancreatitis |
| Accumulation of fluid in abdomen? | Ascites |
| Increased abdominal girth & abdominal pain? | Ascites |
| Palpable, non-tender gallbladder? | Cholelithiasis |
| Inflamed gallbladder, usually due to stones? | Cholecystitis |
| What can cause pain in RUQ that radiates to right scapula? | Cholecystitis |
| Abrupt cessation of breathing when you palpate gallbladder? Called and what for? | Murphy Sign- cholecystitis |
| What will present with vomiting, anorexia, fever and jaundice? | Cholecystitis |
| What can be caused by viral infection, alcohol, drugs or toxins? | Hepatitis |
| What will have jaundice, hepatomegaly, anorexia and discomfort? | Hepatitis |
| What will have clay colored stools, tea colored urine, and abnormal LFT's | Hepatitis |
| How many injections for Hep A? | 2 |
| Long term consequences of Hep A? | None |
| Spread fecal-oral, blood, or food & H2O? | Hep A |
| Spread blood, sex, or perinatally? (2) | Hep B and Hep C |
| What will have jaundice, arthralgia, abnormal LFTs, and look like the flu? | Hep B |
| Vaccination for Hep B? | 3 |
| What can lead to chronic liver disease, primary hepatocellular carcinoma? | Hep B |
| Vaccination with Hep C? | None |
| Leads to chronic hepatitis and hepatocellular carcinoma? | Hep C |
| Most are asymptomatic, but can have flu Sx and elevated LFT's? | Hep C |
| What is destruction of liver parenchyma? | Cirrhosis |
| What will lead to enlarged liver with firm border? | CIrrhosis |
| Sx of fatigue, jaundice, ascites, prominent abdomen vasculature, cutaneous spider angioma, dark urine, light stools and enlarged spleen? | Cirrhosis |
| Abdomen mass with bruit, radiating pain? | Aneurysm |
| Regurgitation, early feeding, dehydrated, don't gain weight? | Pyloric Stenosis |
| What can obesity and pregnancy cause? | GERD |
| Large meals, eating before bed, dietary fat, chocolate, alcohol, caffeine, peppermint can cause this? | GERD |
| Sx of morning hoarse, chest pain, regurge, dysphagia, asthma-like things? | GERD |
| Step 1 of GERD Tx? | change diet, raise head of bed, suck on hard candy |
| Step 2 of GERD Tx? | OTC antacid or H2 antagonist |
| Step 3 of GERD Tx? | H2 antagonists or PPI's |
| Step 4 of GERD Tx? | PPI's, prokinetics long term |
| What usually causes PUD? | H Pylori |
| What gender is PUD more common in? | Men |
| Pain/cramping when stomach is empty, wakes them up, radiates to back, relieved by food or antacids? | Peptic Ulcer Perforation |
| Acute onset of pain, bowel sounds at site of pain? | Hernias |
| What can be caused by lack of exercise, inadequate fluids or fiber? | Constipation |
| What is prophylaxis of constipation? | bulk forming agent |
| What is for prevention of constipation? | Stool softeners |
| Duration to be classified as acute diarrhea? | less than 3 weeks |
| Cramping, nausea, watery stools, weakness, fever | Acute diarrhea |
| Can cause kin breakdown, dehydration, weight loss and malnutrition? | chronic diarrhea |
| What can be caused by fecal impaction, underlying disease, or neurogenic disease? | Fecal incontinence |
| How can fecal impaction cause fecal incontinence? | Soft matter will squeeze past the impaction |
| What IBD will affect the entire GIT and all the layers of the GIT wall? | Crohn's |
| What will present as skip lesions and cobblestone mucosa? | Crohn's |
| Sx of chronic cramping diarrhea and compromised nutrition? | Crohn's |
| What IBD only affects colon & rectum, mucosa & submucosa? | Ulcerative colitis |
| Sx of bloody, frequent, water diarrhea, weight loss and fatigue? | Ulcerative colitis |
| What will lead to predisposition to colon carcinoma? | Ulcerative colitis |
| Out-pouching of large bowel? | Diverticulosis |
| Infection of diverticula | Diverticulosis |
| What will have LLQ pain, anorexia, N/V and altered bowel habits as well as decreased bowel sounds? | Diverticulitis |
| Prolapse of one intestinal segment into another? | Intususception |
| Current jelly stools, abdomen distention, acute intermittent abdominal pain? | Intususception |
| Sausage shaped mass in RUQ or RLQ? | Intususception |
| Hyperactive bowel sounds, referred pain, distention, guarding | Volvulus |
| Loss of peristalsis, Sx of distention, N/V, minimal tender, decreased bowel sounds | Paralytic Ileus |
| Sx of painless rectal bleed | Polyps |
| Varicose veins below anorectal line covered by skin | Hemorrhoids |
| Sx of itching/bleeding with defecation, internal and external? | Hemorrhoids |
| Infected kidney and renal pelvis? | Pyelonephritis |
| Sx of flank pain, bacteruria, pyuria, nocturia | Pyelonephritis |
| Pain upon hitting back with fist? | Indicate kidney infection or stone |
| Stones in kidney pelvis? | Renal Calculi |
| What can lead to obstruction and infection of UT? | Renal Calculi |
| Sx of fever, hematuria, flank pain that radiates? | Renal Calculi |
Created by:
sjanuary1
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