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ECS 1: How many electrodes must you use minimally?
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ECS: How much of the scalp should you use?
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ECS Guidelines
5
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| ECS 1: How many electrodes must you use minimally? | 8 Scalp. |
| ECS: How much of the scalp should you use? | Entire. Skip leads. |
| ECS 3: What should the impedance be minimally? | Below 5 ohms. |
| ECS : Which additional leads should be used? | Respiratory, EMG, EOG, EKG. |
| ECS 5: Should you use 60 Hz filter? | No, unless absolutely necessary. |
| ECS 4: What must be completely tested before recording? | Entire system integrity. |
| ECS 2: What should the inter-electrode distance be? | 10 cm. |
| ECS 5: What should the sensitivity be set at? | No higher than 2 uV/mm |
| ECS 7a: What should the HFF be set at? | Not below 30 Hz. |
| ECS 7b: What should the LFF be set at? | Not above 1 Hz. |
| ECS 6: What is the minimum recording time? | 30 minutes. |
| ECS: What paper speed should be used? | Slow. |
| ECS: What reference is best to use to avoid EKG artifact? | Cz. |
| ECS: What is it called when you turn a pt's head and the eyes stay facing straight ahead? | Doll's Eyes. |
| ECS: What should you do with the respirator belt if the pt has a vent tube? | Wrap it around the tube. |
| ECS: Which extremity should you stimulate? | Every One. |
| ECS: What types of stimulation should you use? | Stern Rub, Pinch, Nail Bed Press, Visual (PS) w/ EO, Yell Name, Clap. |
| ECS: What do you do after you do a stimulation? | Note the record. |
| ECS: What should the temp and bp follow? | The 90/90 Rule - Must be above. |
| ECS: How much time needs to lapse before doing a repeat study? | 6 Hours. |
| ECS: What is the maximum allowable leakage current? | 100 uA. |
| ECS: When should a ground lead not be used because the pt is already grounded? | In ICU. |
| ECS: What is the inter-electrode distance in a routine recording? | 6 - 6.5 cm. |
| ECS: Best montage: | FP2-C4, C4-02, FP1-C3, C3-01, T4-Cz, Cz-T3 + EKG and 1 non-cephalic (ex: hand). |
| ECS: To avoid high susceptibility to artifact, what montage is best? | F7-T5, F8-T6, F3-P3, F4-P4, Fz-Pz and 1 non-cephalic (ex: hand). |
| ECS: What sensitivity should you calibrate this record at? | 2 uV (the same as recorded). |
| ECS: What is the best insurance against many artifacts, especially in the ICU? | Low Impedance. |
| ECS: One of the 2 physicians must be a: | Neurologist, neurosurgeon, or intensivist. |
| ECS: For an adult, the minimal time lapse between two examinations for direct, structural cerebral damage (intracerebral hemorrhage, stroke, trauma, etc.) is: | 4-6 Hours. |
| ECS: For an adult, the minimal time lapse between two examinations for non-direct, non-structural cerebral damage (hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy) is: | 12 Hours. |
| ECS: Corroboratory or ancillary tests are optional and not required for an adult unless: | A portion of the exam cannot be completed, is altered by a neuro-depressant drug, or the etiology is not certain. |
| ECS: Age statistics are adjusted for prematurity, which is less than: | 38 weeks. |
| ECS: Age-specific requirements for confirmatory - 7 days - 18 years: | Brain perfusion assessment or 2 EEGs. |
| ECS: Age-specific requirements for exam interval - 7-60 days: | 48 hours. |
| ECS: Age-specific requirements for exam interval - 61 days - 1 year: | 24 hours. |
| ECS: Age-specific requirements for exam interval - 1-18 years: | 12-24 hours. |
| ECS: What is the interval between the 2 examinations for a 1-18 year old pt? | 24 hours. |
| ECS: What is the interval between the 2 examinations for a 61 day to 1 year old pt? | 24 hours. |
| ECS: What is the interval between the 2 examinations for a 7-61 day old pt? | 48 hours. |
| ECS: What type of confirmatory test would a pt 1-18 years old need? | 2 EEGs lapsed by 48 hours. |
| ECS: What type of confirmatory test would a 61 day to 1 year old need? | A brain perfusion assessment or 2 EEGs. |
| ECS: What type of confirmatory test would a 7-60 day old need? | A brain perfusion assessment or 2 EEGs lapsed by 48 hours. |
| ECS: What type of pt may not be declared brain dead? | Infants less than 7 days post term past 38 weeks (corrected for prematurity). |
| ECS: When must a neurologist, neurosurgeon, or intensivist perform at least one of the 2 studies? | When the subject is a pediatric pt. |
| ECS: In what condition must the retest lapse for 12 hours? | Non-structural cerebral damage (hypoxic-ischemic encephalitic). |
| ECS 8: What activation procedure(s) should you do? | Demonstrate reactivity to pain stimulus. Also Auditory (AS) and Visual. |
| ECS: What should the pt's temp be? | 35 degree Celsius. |
| ECS: What drugs should be avoided? | Any that depress cortical function (barbs, benzos). Get serum levels. |
| ECS: Artifact: | Note ANY presumed artifact. |
| ECS: When is a study considered in ECS? | Only if there is no electro-cortical potential under these strict guidelines. |
Created by:
kmburg5840
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