Help
Options
Question
TLC Normal
click to flip
Didn't know it?
click below
click below
Knew it?
click below
click below
Don't know
Question
VT Normal
Remaining cards (41)
Know
retry
shuffle
restart
0:00
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
PFT's
WillWallace PFT's
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| TLC Normal | total lung capacity 6000ml |
| VT Normal | tidal volume 500 ml |
| VC normal | vital capacity 4800 |
| RV normal | residual volume 1200 |
| Volumes that cannot be directly measured in a PFT | RV, FRC, TLC |
| Tests used for RV, FRC, and TLC | Helium dilution, Nitrogen washout, body box (most accurate) |
| PFT Equipment for measuring volume | water sealed spirometer (uses bell) bellows spirometer (most popular) dry rolling seal spirometer |
| Infection Control in PFT's | standard precautions fluids-hand washing, gloves, barrier filters. Infectious disease- personal respirator or close fitting mask (N-95 for TB). safe disposal, sterilize or disinfect equip between patients. |
| Why PFT's | identify and quantify changes in pulm function, epidemiological surveillance for pulm disease, assessment of post op risk, determine pulm disability, evaluate and quantify therapeutic effectiveness |
| Patient instructions for FVC | effort dependent, careful instructions, be sure Pt understands and will cooperate, demonstrate, enthusiastic coaching, sitting standing ok, nose clips on or off ok, 3 tests, best 2 must be within 5% ( convert atps to btps) |
| ATPS to BTPS | since ATPS can be 5 to 15% different that BTPS, adjustments must be made or test will be invalid. |
| FEV1 | forced exp volume in 1 second, Normal is 4.2 L...(<80%=obstructive), measured as volume it is considered a flow. Used as a measure of general severity with airway obstruction |
| FEV2 | forced exp volume in 2 seconds, normal is 4.6L |
| FEV3 | forced exp volume in 3 seconds 4.8L |
| PEFR | Peak exp flow rate, steepest point on curve on the "FLOOP", normal is 9.5L/sec (best identified on a flow-volume loop |
| FEF200-1200 | forced exp press between 200 and 1200, normal 8.5ml/second, measures large airway flow |
| FEF25-75 | forced exp flow between 25 and 75, normal is 4.5L/second, measures small airways |
| Measuring RV | Residual Volume, normal 1200, like the FRC & TLC it cannot be directly measured. alternative tests are, 1.Body box 2. Helium dilution 3. Nitrogen washout |
| Body Box | best method to measure RV, uses Boyles Law to calc RV, larger values because more accurate information |
| PFT Contra-indications | hemoptysis, pneumothorax, cardio problems, thoracic, abdominal or cerebral aneurysm, recent eye surgery, acute disease that may cause nausea or vomiting, recent ab or chest surgery |
| FVC Validity/Reliability | 3 acceptable tests must be given, best 2 should not vary by more than 5%, no cough, swallow or disruptions, smooth, continuous and complete, exhalation must be a minimum of 6 seconds |
| M V V | Max voluntary ventilation, normal is 160L/min, tested with Spirogram, fast and hard for at least 12 seconds, 2x-use best results, tests for strength of muscles, flow and capacity, tested pre-op/ make sure patient can get of vent post op |
| PFT Severity | normal 80 - 120, moderate 50-64, very severe <35 |
| Obstructive severity | check FEV1 & FEV1% |
| Restrictive Severity | check FVC, TLC & VC |
| DLCO | Diffusion of Lung Carbon Monoxide, normal is 40ml/min/mmHg, 0.3%CO & 10% He in air held in a single breath for 10 seconds. |
| Restrictive Disease | ↓ volumes & capacities, affects lung parenchyma and thoracic pump, ↓ inspiration, ↓CL, more vertical slope on PFT tracing than obstructive, restriction+diffusion=fibrosis |
| Obstructive Disease | ↓ Flows, ↑ CL, flatter curve on PFT tracing, affects airways, obstruction+diffusion=emphysema |
| FVC | Forced Vital Capacity, normal is 480 ml |
| FEV1% | FEV1/FVC, normal is 75 to 85 % (<70%=obstruction) |
| VC/TLC% | VC is normally 80% of TLC |
| Spirometery Value Factors | height, age, gender, ethnicity, sometimes for extreme weight and altitude (may be reduced 12 to 15 % for non-white) |
| FVC Tracings | obstructive curve is flatter, restrictive curve is more vertical |
| Conditions that ↓ DLCO | ↓ DLCO is associated with emphysema , Fibrosis, restrictive diseases, carbohemoglobin polycythemia, CHF, anemia, pulm embolism, exercise |
| Airway Obstruction Tests | FEF200-1200, normal is 8.5 L/sec, <80%=large airway disease. FEF25-75, normal is 4.5 L/sec,<80%=small airway disease. (FRC or RV >120%=airtrapping) |
| Patient Effort | Patient efforts insures validity and reliability of tests. Tests that are not valid or reliable, can lead to misdiagnoses, mistreatments and poor outcomes |
| Reversibility of airway obstruction | before and after treatment studies, FEV1 >15% indicates effective treatments |
| PFT categories (test types) | lung vol and cap, flow rates through airways, ability of lungs to diffuse gases (DL) |
| Nitrogen washout test | open circuit (non-re breather), exhaled gas measured for N2, Patient breaths until little N2 remains, 2-5 mins normal, COPD longer (perforated ear drum will scew test) |
| Helium Dilution test | measures RV,FRC,TLC...closed circuit, helium and O2, CO2 is absorbed by soda lime and )2 is added, Pt breaths until gas concentration is equalized 3-5 mins (20 mins in copd) |
| Fibrosis | restriction + diffusion |
| bronchoprovocation testing | methocholine induced asthma attack, positive response is FEV1 falls more than 20%, reversed with svn or mdi treatment |
Created by:
annabannana
Popular Respiratory Therapy sets