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Paramedic Drugs
2013 Paramedic Drugs
Question | Answer |
---|---|
Adenosine(Adenocard): Pharmacologic Classification and Therapeutic Classification | Endogenous Nucleoside and Antiarrhythmic |
Adenosine(Adenocard): Action | Stimulates Adenosine Receptors |
Adenosine(Adenocard): Effects | - Slows SA node conduction - Slows conduction through the AV node - Inhibits reentry through the AV node |
Adenosine(Adenocard): Indications | Narrow Complex Tachycardia (PSVT) |
Adenosine(Adenocard): Dosage | 6mg RAPID IV push, repeat in 1-2 minutes with 12mg RAPID IV push |
Adenosine(Adenocard): Contraindications | - Known ventricular tachycardia - Atrial flutter and atrial fibrillation - Second or third degree heart block - Sick sinus syndrome (malfunction of the SA node) |
Adenosine(Adenocard): Side Effects | - Flushing - Dyspnea - Chest Pain/ Palpitations - Dizziness - Headache - Feeling of Impending Dome |
Adenosine(Adenocard): Interactions | - Use with Tegretol may potentiate and prolong adenosines effect - Theophylline and related drugs can reduce the effectiveness of Adenosine (larger doses may be necessary) |
Adenosine(Adenocard): Other Comments | - Use the most proximal IV port (largest vein) possible and flush immediately with 10-20cc saline - elevate arm to promote rapid introduction of the drug into the systemic circulation |
Adenosine(Adenocard): Other Comments | - A brief period of asystole (up to 15 seconds) may follow administration - Half-life of 5 seconds is the major advantage of this drug |
Albuterol (Proventil, Ventolin): Pharmacologic Classification and Therapeutic Classification | Adrenergic and Bronchodilator |
Albuterol (Proventil, Ventolin): Onset of Action | Inhalation: 5-15 minutes |
Albuterol (Proventil, Ventolin): Duration of Action | Inhalation: 3-6 hours |
Albuterol (Proventil, Ventolin): Action | - Selectively stimulates Beta-2 adrenergic receptors of the lungs, uterus, and vascular smooth muscle - Bronchodilation results from relaxation of bronchial smooth muscles, which relieves bronchospasm and reduces airway resistance |
Albuterol (Proventil, Ventolin): Indications | - Bronchial Asthma - Bronchospasm due to bronchiis or emphysema - Acute bronchospasm and reduces airway resistance |
Albuterol (Proventil, Ventolin): Contraindications | - Use cautiously in patients with cardiovascular disease, HTN, or diabetes - hypersensitivity |
Albuterol (Proventil, Ventolin): Side Effects | - CNS: tremor, nervousness, dizziness, headache, hyperactivity - CV: tachycardia, palpitations, hypertension - RESP: bronchospasm, cough, increased sputum - GI: dry mouth, epigastric pain, diarrhea |
Albuterol (Proventil, Ventolin): Interactions | - Use of inhaled albuterol, epinephrine, and othe inhaled sympathomimetic amines may increase sympathomimetic effects and risk toxicity - Use with MOI inhibitors and tricyclic antidepressants can cause severe cardiocascular effects |
Albuterol (Proventil, Ventolin): More Interactions | - Propranolol and other beta-adrenergic blockers may antagonize the effects of albuterol |
Albuterol (Proventil, Ventolin): Dose | - 2.5 mg by nebulization(0.5ml of the 0.5% solution diluted in 2.5mL saline) over 5-15 minutes - repeat dosage after 15 minutes if symptoms persist |
Albuterol (Proventil, Ventolin): Drug Route | Handheld Nebulizer |