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Lipids
Nutrition HO-15 Lesson 5
Question | Answer |
---|---|
three categories of lipids | fats, sterols and phospholipids |
three fatty acids attached to a glycerol | triglyceride |
a fat that is solid at room temperature | saturated fat |
fat with one point of unsaturation (double bond) | monounsaturated fat |
type of fat that is liquid at room temperature | unsaturated fat |
sterol that is essential to membrane structure | cholesterol |
most digestion and absorption of fats takes place in the | small intestines |
an emulsifier that assists in the digestion and absorption of fats | bile |
after absorption, larger lipids are converted to TG, packaged with protein as | chylomicrons |
cholesterol can become trapped by what and pass unabsorbed | fiber |
LDL and HDL are not actually cholesterol, they are | lipoproteins |
the "good" cholesterol | HDL |
the "bad" cholesterol | LDL |
A low HDL and high LDL increase or decrease heart disease risk | increase |
recommended % intake of total fat | 20-35% |
American Heart Association recommendation for saturated fat | < 7% |
what two foods raise LDL and total cholesterol the most | trans fat and saturated fat |
How many calories per gram of fat? | 9 calories/gram |
two essential fatty acids | linoleic (omega-6) and linolenic (omega-3) |
two omega-three fatty acids | EPA and DHA |
these fatty acids help decrease the risk of heart disease | omega-3 fatty acids |
when you see hydrogenated vegetable oil on a label, you know | there are trans fats in the product |
the body's best source of energy is | fat |
digestive agent that has a hydrophobic side and hydrophilic side | bile |
stearic, myristic, palmitic, and lauric | types of saturated fat |
have anti-clotting factors and anti-inflammatory factors | omega-3 fatty acids |
found in processed grains, vegetable oils and dressing and may increase inflammation | omega-6 fatty acids |
LDL that is more atherogenic, increased with refined carbs | small, dense LDL |
LDL that is less atherogenic, increased with saturated fats | large, buoyant LDL |