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ch, 22 psych vocab
ch. 22 psychiatry vocabulary
| term | meaning |
|---|---|
| amnesia | loss of memory |
| anxiety | varying of uneasiness, apprehension, palpitations, tightness in chest, breathless, choking sensation |
| apathy | absence of emotions; lack of interst or emotional involvement |
| autism | severe lack of responsiveness to others, preoccupation with inner thoughts |
| compulsion | uncontrollable urge to perform an act repeatedly |
| conversion | anxiety becomes a bodily symptom,such as blindness,deafness,or paralysis, that does not have an organic basis |
| delusion | a fixed false belief that cannot be changed by logical reasoning or evidence |
| dissociation | uncomfortable feelings are separated from their real object |
| dysphoria | sadness,hopelessness;depressive mood |
| euphoria | exaggerated feeling of well-being |
| hallucination | false or unreal sensory perception |
| labile | unstable;undergoing rapid emotional change |
| mania | state of excessive excitability; hyperactivity and agitation |
| mutism | nonreactive state; stupor |
| obsession | an involuntary;persistent idea or emotion |
| paranoia | delusions or persecution or grandeur or combinations of the two |
| antisocial | no loyalty to or concern for others, and without moral standards; acts only in response to desires or impulses,cannot tolerate frustration and blames others when she or he is at fault |
| borderline | instability in interpersonal relationship and sense of self;characterized by alternating involvement with and rejection or people |
| histrionic | emotional,attention-seeking,immature and dependent;irrational outburst and tantrums;flamboyant and theatrica;having general dissatisfaction w/ones seld & angry feelings about the worls |
| narcissistic | grandiose sense of self importance or uniqueness and preoccupation with fantasies of success and power |
| paranoid | continually suspicious and mistrustful of other people but not to a psychotic or delusional degree;jealou and overly concerned w/hidden motives or others;quick to take offense |
| schizoid | emotionally cold & aloof; indifferent to praise or critism or to the feelings of ohers;few friendship and rarely appearsto experience strong emotions,such as anger or joy |
| exibitionism | compulsive need to expose one's body,particularly the genitals,to an unsuspecting stranger |
| fetishism | the use of nonliving objects(articles of clothing) as substitutes for a human sexual love object |
| pedophilia | sexual urges and fantasies involving sexual activity w/prepubescent child |
| sexual masochism | sexual gratification is gained by being humiliated,beaten,bound,or othewrwise mafe to suffer by another person |
| sexual sadism | sexual gratification is gained by inflicting physical or psychological pain or humiliation on others |
| transvestic fetishism | cross-dressing; |
| voyeurism | sexual excitement is achieved by observing unsuspecting people who are naked undressing or engaging in sexual activity |
| affect | the external expression of emotion,or emotional response |
| anorexia nervosa | an eating disorder of excessive dieting and refusal to maintain a normal body weight |
| anxiety disorders | chracterized by unpleasant tension,distress,and avoidance behaviour,ie/phobias,ocd,post-traumatic stress disorder |
| bipolar disorder | alternating periods of mania and depression |
| bulimia nervosa | eating disorder of binge eating followed by vomiting,purging,and depression |
| conversion disorder | physical symptom w/no organic basis,appearing as a result of anxiety and conflict |
| defense mechanism | unconscious technique a person uses to resolve or conceal conflicts and anxiety |
| delirium | confusion in thinking:faulty perceptions and irrational behaviour |
| dementia | loss of intellectual abilities w/impairement of memory,judgment,and reasoning as well as changes in personality |
| depression | major mood disoirder w/chronic sadness,loss of energy,hopelessness,worry,and discouragment,commony suicial impulses and thoughts |
| dissociative disorder | chronic or sudden distrurbance of memory,identity,or consciousness dissociative identity disorder amnesia & fugue |
| ego | control coordinating branch of the personality |
| fugue | amnesia w/flight from customary surroundings |
| gender identity disorder | stong and persistent cross-gender indentification w/ the opposite sex |
| id | major unconscious part of the personality;energy from instinctual drives and desires |
| intelligence (IQ ) test | a standardized test designed to determine mental age of an individial by measuring capacity to absrob information and solve problems |
| mood disorders | prolonged emotion dominates a persons life; examples are biploar and depressive disorders |
| Obsessive compulsive disorder | anxiety disorder in which recurrent thoughts and repetitive acts dominate behaviour |
| paraphilia | recurrent intese sexual urge,fantasy or behaviour that involves unusual objects,activities,or situations |
| personality disorders | lifelong personality patterns marked by inflexibility and impairement of social functioninh |
| phobia | irrational or disabling fear of an object or situation |
| post-traumatic stress disorder | anxiety-related symptoms appear following exposure to personal experience of traumatic event |
| projective (personality) test | diagnostic,personality test that uses unstructered stimuli to evoke responses that reflect aspects of an individuals personality |
| psychiatrist | physician w/medical training in the diagnosis,prevention and treatment of mental disorders |
| psychologist | individuak specializing in mental processes and how the brain functions in health and disease |
| psychosis | impairement of mental capacity to recognize reality,communicate,and relate to others |
| reality testing | ability to perceive fact from fantasy; severly impaired in psychoses |
| repression | defense mechanism by which unacceptable thoughts,feelings,and impulses are automatically pushed into the unconscious |
| schizophrenia | withdrawal from reality into an inner world of disorganized thinking and conflict |
| sexual disorders | disorders or paraphilias and sexual dysfunctions |
| somatoform disorders | having physical symptoms that cannot be explained by any actual physical disorder or other well-described mental disorder such as depression |
| substance related disorders | regular overuse of psychoactive substances that affect the central nervous system |
| superego | internalized conscience and moral part of the personality |
| amphetamines | central nervous system stimulants that may be used to treat depression and attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder |
| benzodiazepines | drugs that lessen anxiety, tension, agitation and panic attacks |
| cognitive beaviour therapy | conditioning is used to relieve anxiety and improve symptoms of illness |
| electroconvulsive thereapy | electric current is used to produce convulsions in the treatment of depression |
| family therapy | treatment of an entire family to resolve and understand conflicts |
| free association | psychoanalytic technique in which the patient verbalizes, without censorship, the passing contents of his or her mind |
| group therapy | group of patients with similar problesm gain insight into their personlities through discussion and interaction with eachother |
| hypnosis | trance is used to increase the pace of psychotherapy |
| insight-oriented therapy | face to face discussion of life problems and associated feelings |
| lithium | medication used to treat the manic stage of manic-depression illness |
| neuroleptic drug | any drug that favourably modifies psychotic symptoms |
| phenothiazines | tranquilizers used to treat psychoses |
| play therapy | treatment in which a child through use of toys in a playroom setting expresses conflict and feelings unable to be communicated in a direct manner |
| psychoanalysis | treatment that allows the patient to explore inner emotions and conflicts so as to understand and change current behaviour |
| psychodrama | Group therapy in which a patient expresses feelings by acting out roles with other patients |
| psychopharmacology | Treatment of psychiatric disorders with drugs |
| sedatives | drugs that lessen anxiety |
| supportive pschotherapy | offering encouragement, support, and hope to patients facing difficult life transitions and events |
| transference | psychoanalytic process in which the patient relates to the therapist as he or she did to a prominent childhood figure |
| tricyclic antidepressants | drugs used to treat severe depression; thee-ringed fused structure |
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