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cancer treatment 19
Ch.19 cancer treatment
treatment | description |
---|---|
cryosurgery | malignant tissue is frozen and thus destroyed |
electrocauterization | malignant tissue is destroyed by burning |
en bloc resection | tumor is removed along with a large area of surrounding tissue containing lymph nodes |
excisional biopsy | removal of tumor and a margin of normal tissue |
exenteration | wide resection involving removal of tumor, its organ or origin and all surrounding tissue in the body space |
fulguration | destruction of tissue by electric sparks generated by a high-frequency current |
incisional biopsy | piece of tumor is removed for examination to establish a diagnosis |
brachytherapy | implantation of small, scaled containers of seeds of radioactive material directly into the tumor (interstitial therapy), or in close proximity to the tumor (intracavitary therapy) |
electron beams | low-energy beams for treatment of skin or surface tumors |
external beam radiation (teletherapy) | radiation applied to a tumor from a distant source (linear accelerator) |
fields | defined areas that are bombarded by radiation |
fractionation | a method of dividing radiation into small repeated doses rather than providing fewer large doses |
gray (Gy) | unit of radiation equal too 100 rad (radiation dose absorbed by the tissue) |
linear accelerator | a large electric device that produces high-energy x-ray (or photon) beams for the treatment of deep-seated tumors |
proton therapy | highly focused, high-energy irradiation |
rad | radiation absorbed dose |
radiocurable tumor | tumor that can be completely eradicated by radiation therapy |
radioresistant tumor | tumor that requires large doses of radiation to produce death of the cells |
radiosensitive tumor | tumor in which irradiation can cause the death of cells without serious damage to surrounding tissue |
radiosensitizers | drugs that increase the sensitivity of tumors to x-rays |