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MC Psych Exam 1

2013 Fall with Heaton

Question	Answer
What drug changed the way of mental health?	thorazine
Who traveled the country trying to treat mental patients and gaining fame?	Walter Freeman
What procedure did Walter Freeman perform?	transorbital lobotmy
The NMA definition of mental health	how a person thinks, feels, and acts when faced life's situations
Criterion of mental health (7)	happiness, control over behavior, appraisal of reality, effectiveness in work, a healthy self-concept, satisfying relationships, effective coping strategies
mental illness is	clinically significant behavioral or psychological syndrome or pattern that occurs in a person that can be distress or disability or decreased functioning
mental illness is not	an expected and culturally sanctioned response to a specific event
resilience	factors that can affect the mental health of a person as well as the severity of problems and progression of mental illness
diathesis-stress model	biological predisposition of stress nature & nuture
levels of investigation	descriptive, analytical, experimental
case reports	descriptive epidemiology
cross sectional studies	descriptive epidemiology
case control studies	analytical epidemiology
cohort studies	epidemiology
test assumption & manipulates data	epidemiology
broad field that addresses what happens to people with illnesses who are seen by health care providers	clinical epidemiology
treatment strategies	clinical epidemiology
concerned with the distribution and determinants of health and diseases, morbidity, injuries, disabilities, and mortality in the population	epidemiology
the existing number of cases present in a population at a given time. total number	prevalence
new cases during a certain period of time in a population	incidence
DSM used for	diagnosing a disorder
levels of awareness	conscious, preconscious, unconscious
personality structure	id, ego, superego
intellectual logic	conscious
not immediate awareness but can recall	preconscious
not available and not logical and operates on pleasure principle. but effects other levels.	subconscious
purpose of all behavior is to get needs met through interpersonal interactions and decrease or avoid anxiety	Sullivan's Theory
measures used to decrease things to defend against anxiety	security operations
conditioning	How a person thinks, feels, & acts when faced with life’s situations
Generalization	process of learning to be afraid of familiar objects
interpersonal theory	Sullivan
Ego theory	Erickson
Humanistic Theory	Maslow's
Psychoanalytical Theory	Freud
primary process	Id
problem solver & reality tester	Ego
moral component	superego
classic conditioning	Pavlov
Behaviorism theory	Watson
operant conditioning theory	Skinner
levels of anxiety, interpersonal relations, & self-awareness	Hildegard Peplau
classical psychoanalysis	to guide to independence by assuming responsibility for their behavior. Tries to assign correct meaning in presents
Transference	pt displaces onto the nurse feelings toward someone else
Countertransference	nurse displaces onto the patient feelings toward someone else
Psychodynamic therapy	uses tools psychoanalysis. Therapist is more active in the process & the duration of therapy is usually longer
Interpersonal psychotherapy	focus on reassurance & improvement in the community
Cognitive Therapy	therapists helps to correct distorted ideas
types of behavioral therapy	modeling, operant conditioning, systematic desensitization, aversion therapy
Aversion therapy	punishment if act is done. a last resort.
Used for: Alcoholism, shoplifting, sexual deviation	Aversion therapy
Milieu Therapy	safe supportive environment group therapy
Mental Health Team meets when?	within 72 hrs of admission
Case Manager Role	 Coordinates care  Establishes nurse-client relationship  Communicates daily/weekly with insurer  Provides treatment team with guidance of resource availability
Goal of Case Manager	 Recovery from acute symptoms  Reduce recidivism  Enhance quality of life
Management #1 Responsibility	safety
Ethical dilemma	conflict between actions with favorable & unfavorable consequences
Ethics	study of philosophical beliefs of right & wrong
Bioethics	used in ethical dilemmas for healthcare
Beneficence	duty to promote good
Autonomy	respecting right to make own decisions
Justice	distributing resources equally
Fidelity	maintain loyalty & commitment & do good
Veracity	duty to communicate truthfully
Conditional release	outpt. & must follow up for certain time
Forensic nursing	applying nursing to court of law for accurate decisions, collects evidence, etc.
5 Principles of Bioethics	-Beneficence -Autonomy -Justice -Fidelity -Veracity
Voluntary	16 years & older, durable power of attorney, mental health treatment
Involuntary admission	emergency, evaluated in community, risk for serious harm
pt rights	treatment, refuse treatment, informed consent
Mood	what pt. tells you about how they feel
Affect	emotional tone looks to you
Neologisms	made up unintelligible words
Thought Blocking	stops abruptly thought is pulled out
Circumstantialities	pattern of wandering with excessive details
Hallucinations	hearing or seeing what no one else can
Illusions	something reality is misinterpreted like lamppost is a man
recall	few mins
recent	a few days
remote	long time ago
Social Relationships	communication gives advice or asks for help, content is superficial, mutually met needs, & little evaluation
Intimate Relationships	mutual goals that are agreed upon, mutual needs are met, emotional commitment to each other, personal info & intimate desires are shared
Genuineness	ability to communicate one’s feelings & listening without distorting the message. Key in building trust
Self-awareness	ability to examine personal feelings, understand & accept self, increase self-knowledge, increases capacity to experience new things with self-disclosure
Empathy	feelings & ideas of client accurately perceived & understood. Feeling with the person
Positive Regard	respect communicated indirectly by actions, works with client to develop personal resources, & is nonjudgmental focus
Blurred Boundaries	relationship shifts from therapeutic to social
Transference	person unconsciously displace onto individual current life emotions & behaviors from childhood that originated in relationships with significant others. Intensified with authority figure.
Countertransference	nurse displaces onto client feelings related to people in nurses past. Often result of transference
Personal Characteristics of Nurse to Promote & Grow Relationship	Genuiness, Empathy, & Positive Regard
Orientation	supports & encourage articulation of problems & begins termination
Working phase	o maintains relationship o gathers data o promotes self-esteem o guide & supports through problem solving
Termination	o Verbally deal with intense feelings regarding experiences o Summarizes goals & objectives o Finalizes phase
Communication	an interactive process between 2 or more persons
Convey	interests & understanding or insult & judgment, messages clearly or conflicting or implied messages, clear, honest feeling or disguised distorted feeling
attending behaviors	eye contact, body language, & touch that are culturally & individually appropriate
paraphrasing	restating
reflecting	form of a question
exploring	to find out more info
process recording	increases interview & communications skills by recording a segment of nurse-pt. session
communication process	sender->msg->receiver->media
Symmetrical	factors equal ie. 2 friends
complementary	factors equal ie. 2 friends
intimate distance	0-18"
personal distance	40"
social distance	4-12'
clarifying techniques	paraphrasing, reflecting, exploring
7 characteristics of a group	size, defined purpose, degree of similarity, rules, boundaries, content, & process
group	2 or more people that come together for the purpose of pursuing common goals &/or interests
4 advantages of group work	saving costs, benefit understanding from peers, safe setting, promote feeling of belonging
3 disadvantages of group work	time constraints, confidentiality concern, & disruptive behaviors
group content	info shared in group
group process	how people talk to one another in the group
group norms	expected behavior in a group giving it structure
group themes	common emotion or problem shared by many of the group members
feedback	letting people know how they affect each other
conflict	a disagreement in the group
heterogeneous groups	group full of differences
homogenous	share a common trait like specific gender or disorder
closed group	only people with membership is allowed no new members are added
open group	new members are welcome & are added when others leave
subgroup	a smaller group withing a larger group that functions separetly
identified factors that make group therapeutic	Irvin Yalom
instillation of hope	leader shares optimism about group treatment & members share their improvements
universality	members realize they are not alone in their problems, feelings, or thoughts
imparting of info	participants receive formal teaching by by the leader or advice from peers
altruism	members feel a reward from giving support to others
imitative behavior	members may copy behaviors from the leader or peers & can adopt healthier habits
interpersonal learning	members gain insight into themselves based on the feedback from others. this is a complex process that occurs later in the group after trust is established
group cohesiveness	arises in mature groups when each member feels connected to the other members, leader, & group as a whole. member can accept + feedback & constructive criticism. powerful factor
catharsis	intense feelings are shared
group leadership responsibilities	initiating, maintaining, and terminating group
autocratic leadership	exerts control over the group & does not encourage much interaction among members
democratic leadership	supports extensive group interaction in the process of problem solving
laissez-faire leadership	allows the group members to behave in any way chosen & doesn't attempt to control
psychoeducational groups	increases knowledge or skills about a specific somatic or psychological subject. members communicate emotional concerns
medication education group	teaches about medications, answers questions, & preps for self-management
health education	teaches them about a topic ie. sex education
dual diagnosis group	incorporate learning about co-existing mental illnesses & substance abuse
symptom management groups	common symptom resulting from a disorder the group focuses on sharing +/- experiences in coping to learn from another
stress management group	teach about various relaxation techniques like deep breathing, exercise, music, & spirituality
self-help groups	provide pts with opportunity to maintain or enhance personal & social functioning through cooperation & shared understandings
group psychotherapy	treatment intervention where trained leader establishes purpose of treating pts
psychodrama group	members are encouraged to act out life experiences of situations for purpose of learning & insights
dialectical behavior treatment	pt seen each wk with goal of improving skills & reduce self-destructive behaviors. discouraged from making observations
group therapy is about what?	working through problem & behaviors
monopolizing member	talkative inhibits chance to be heard
fix for monopolizing member	remind equal chance to talk, request someone who haven't heard speak, speak to that member in private
complaining member	rejects help but continually brings environmental or somatic problems & takes pride in it
fix for complaining member	acknowledge pessimism but maintain neutral affect
demoralizing member	- behavior & refuses to take any responsibilities. challenges the group leader
fix for demoralizing member	talk to them in private, focus on + members, empathize in a matter-of-fact manner
silent member	observing for safety 1st. can't benefit from feedback & insights if uncomfortable or mistrust
fix for silent member	give more time to think & come back to them, assign a topic for all to respond, break up groups into pairs
expected outcomes	vary between group types
education outcome	demonstration of knowledge
therapy outcome	focus on insights, behavior changes, & reduction of symptoms

Created by: midnight1854

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