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Psychology 2301
Chapter 14 -Psychological Disorders (Gerrig and Zimbardo, 18th Edition)
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| acute | temporary, severe |
| chronic | persistent, no cure |
| organic | physical/chemical cause |
| functional | mental and/or social cause |
| anxiety disorder | a psychological disorder marked by persistent anxiety that disrupts everyday functioning |
| generalized anxiety disorder | an anxiety disorder marked by a persistent state of anxiety that exists independently of any particular stressful situation |
| panic disorder | an anxiety disorder marked by sudden, unexpected attacks of overwhelming anxiety, often associated with the fear of dying or "losing one's mind" |
| phobia | an anxiety disorder marked by excessive or inappropriate fear |
| obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) | an anxiety disorder in which the person has recurrent, intrusive thoughts (obsessions) and recurrent urges to perform ritualistic actions (compulsions) |
| somatoform disorder | a psychological disorder characterized by physical symptoms in the absence of disease or injury |
| hypochondriasis | a somatoform disorder in which the person interprets the slightest physical changes as evidence of a serious illness |
| conversion disorder | a somatoform disorder in which the person exhibits motor or sensory loss or the alteration of a physiolocial function without any apparent physical cause |
| mood disorder | a psychological disorder marked by prolonged periods of extreme depression or elation often unrelated to the person's current situation |
| major depression | a mood disorder marked by depression so intense and prolonged that the person may be unable to function in everyday life |
| seasonal affective disorder (SAD) | a mood disorder in which severe depression arises during a particular season, usually the winter but sometimes the summer |
| bipolar disorder | a mood disorder marked by periods of mania alternating with longer periods of major depression |
| personality disorder | a psychological disorder characterized by enduring, inflexible, maladaptive patterns of behavior |
| schizophrenia | a class of psychological disorders characterized by grossly impaired social, emotional, cognitive, and perceptual functioning |
| disorganized schizophrenia | a type of schizophrenia marked by sever personality deterioration and extremely bizarre behavior |
| catatonic schizophrenia | a type of schizophrenia marked by unusual motor behavior, such as bizarre actions, extreme agitation, or immobile stupor |
| paranoid schizophrenia | a type of schizophrenia marked by hallucinations, delusions, suspiciousness, and argumentativeness |
| posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) | a syndrome of physical and psychological symptoms that appears as a delayed response after exposure to an extremely emotionally distressing event |
| dissociative disorders | disorders in which, under unbearable stress, consciousness becomes dissociated from a person's identity or her or his memories of important personal events, or both. |
| dissociative amnesia | A complete or partial loss of memory. |
| dissociative fugue | Complete loss of memory of one's entire identity. |
| undifferentiated schizophrenia | A generic term when one does not fit into a criteria type. |
| Fetish | A condition in which arousal and/or sexual gratification is attained through inanimate objects (shoes, pantyhose) or non-sexual body parts (feet, hair), its a problem when the person cannot complete a sexual act without the object present |
| Pedophilia | This disorder is characterized by either intense sexually arousing fantasies, urges, or behaviors involving sexual activity with a prepubescent child (typically age 13 or younger). |
| Voyeurism | This disorder is characterized by either intense sexually arousing fantasies, urges, or behaviors in which the individual observes an unsuspecting stranger who is naked, disrobing, or engaging in sexual activity. (peeping tom type thing) |
| Exhibitionism | either intense sexually arousing fantasies, urges, or behaviors in which the individual exposes his or her genitals to an unsuspecting stranger |
| Sadism | either intense sexually arousing fantasies, urges, or behaviors in which the individual is sexually aroused by causing humiliation or physical suffering of another person |
| Masochism | either intense sexually arousing fantasies, urges, or behaviors in which the individual is humiliated, beaten, bound, or made to suffer in some way |
| paraphilia - sexual disorders | distressing and repetitive sexual fantasies, urges, or behaviors; must occur for a significant period of time and must interfere with either satisfactory sexual relations or everyday functioning if the diagnosis is to be made |
| Insanity | A legal term representing the inability to know right from wrong or the inability to understand the consequences of one's actions. |
| Abnormal | not typical or usual or regular or conforming to a norm, interferes in everyday life or presentation in society |
| Partialism | concentration of libidinal interest on one part of the body |
| Zoophilia | an abnormal fondness or preference for animals. |
| Paranoid Personality Disorder | -Paranoid -unwarranted suspiciousness -overtly sensitive to criticism -readily angered /grudges -reluctance to confide -few friends/ intimate relationships -hypervigilant about harm -deny blame of self -cold, aloof, devious and humorless |
| Histrionic Personality Disorder | -dramatic & emotional presentation -excessive need for attention -attention-seeking behaviors -exaggerated emotional expressions |
| Narcissistic Personality Disorder | -exaggerated sense of self-importance -complete demand for attention/admiration -exploitative -expect others to notice special qualities or talents -lack of empathy -demands to be center of attention |
| Dependant Personality Disorder | -Needs to be taken care of -Reliance on others -Inability to assume responsibilities |
| Antisocial Personality Disorder | -Failure to conform to social or legal codes -Lack of anxiety and guilt -Irresponsible behaviors -no remorse -very impulsive -egocentric, very munipulative, callous |
| Residual Schizophrenia | A condition occurring in individuals with a history of schizophrenic episodes, characterized by blunted or inappropriate emotion, social withdrawal, eccentric behavior, and the making of loose associations, and lacking in prominent psychotic symptoms. |
| Causes of Schizophrenia | Gottesman, Genetics; abnormalities in the brain; family history or family interaction as an environmental stressor |
| Psychosis | out of touch with reality |
| What manual is used to classify abnormality? | DSM-IV-TR |
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SarahElaine
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