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Mitosis - Meiosis

QuestionAnswer
Part of the cell cycle when the cell performs it function. It includes the stages G1, S, and G2. Interphase
Part of the cell cycle where the cell prepares for division. Produces 2 identical diploid cells. Mitosis
Part of the cell cycle when the cytoplasm divides forming daughter cells. Cytokinesis
Part of Interphase when the cell grows BEFORE the DNA is copied. G1
Part of Interphase when the DNA is copied. S-phase
Part of Interphase when the cell grows AFTER the DNA is copied. G2
What are the 4 phases of Mitosis in order? Prophase, Metaphase, Anaphase, Telophase
1st stage of mitosis; the nuclear envelope disappears and chromosomes condense. Prophase
2nd stage of mitosis; sister chromatids line-up down the equator (in the middle). Metaphase
3rd stage of mitosis; sister chromatids are separated apart. Anaphase
4th stage of mitosis; the nuclear envelope reforms and the cell begins to divide. Telophase
Part of the cytoskeleton that aids in cell division. Centrioles
DNA in its condensed form. Chromosomes
A chromosome and its copy (makes an "X" shape). Sister Chromatids
String-like structures coming from the centrioles that attach to the chromosomes to pull them apart. Spindle fibers
Sister chromatids are attached at the ________________. This is also where spindle fibers attach. Centromere/kinetochore
In plant cells, this is the beginning of a new cell wall. Cell plate
Cells with two sets of chromosomes (2n). One set from mom, one set from dad. Diploid
Cells with half the number of normal chromosomes or one set of chromosomes (n). Haploid
What kind of cells go through mitosis? Somatic cells (body cells)
What kind of cells go through meiosis? Gametes (sex cells)
Name of the male gamete that's produced in the testes. sperm
Name of the female gamete that's produced in the ovaries. ovum (egg)
During fertilization, the sperm and the egg fuse together to form a _______________. Zygote
The process that produces gametes. It creates 4 haploid cells that are NOT identical. Meiosis
Meiosis in males is called Spermatogenesis
Meiosis in females is called Oogenesis
Number of sperm produced in spermatogenesis. 4
Number of cells produced in oogenesis. 4 (3 polar bodies that die, 1 egg that lives).
Pair of chromosomes that are similar in shape and size. Homologous chromosomes
Homologous chromosomes are made up of 2 _________________. Homologs (one from each parent)
Phase of meiosis when synapsis and crossing over occurs. Prophase I
The process of synapsis forms _________________, where homologous chromosomes come together. tetrads
Phase of meiosis where the homologous chromosomes align down the equator (middle). Also where Independent Assortment occurs. Metaphase I
Part of Prophase I where chromosomes exchange DNA to create diversity in the offspring. Crossing over
Part of Metaphase I where homologous chromosomes line up at random to create diversity in the offspring. Independent Assortment
Phase of meiosis where homologous chromosomes are separated. Anaphase I
Phase of meiosis where one cells begins to divide into two cells. Telophase I
Phase of meiosis where the nuclear envelope disappears and chromosomes condense (occurs in 2 cells). Prophase II
Phase of meiosis where chromosomes align down the equator (middle), NOT in pairs. Metaphase II
Phase of meiosis where sister chromatids are separated apart. Anaphase II
Phase of meiosis where two cells each begin to divide into 2 daughter cells for a total of 4 cells. Telophase II
Diploid (2n) number in humans. 46 chromosomes (2 sets of 23, one set from mom, one set from dad).
Haploid (n) number in humans. 23 chromosomes (each parent will pass on 23 chromosomes to the offspring).
Created by: ballb
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