click below
click below
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Chapter 3
Microbiology
Question | Answer |
---|---|
Define Microbiology | Microbiology is the branch of biology that deals with microorganisms and their effects on other living organisms |
Define Pathogenic | Disease Producing |
How are microorganisms measured? | In microns |
Give examples of microorganisms: | Bacteria, Viruses, Fungi, Protozoa, and Microscopic Algae |
List the 2 groups of bacteria that gram stain divides: | Gram Positive and Gram Negative Bacteria |
Gram positive microorgainsms stain what color? | Purple or Blue |
Gram Negaive microorganisms stain what color? | Pink or Red |
What does gram staining help to determine? | Gram staining helps to indentify the microorganism which can help determine which drug will be the most effective against the disease |
How does bacteria reproduce? | Binary Fissin (asexual reproduction) |
List the basic requirments bacteria needs in order to survive: | Warmth, Food, Water, Alkaline pH, Elimination of Waste, Oxygen, Subdued light or darkness. |
Describe a spore: | A spore are highly durable, dehydrated cells with thick cell walls that are hard adn shell like. |
What does Aerobic bacteria require in order to survive? | Oxygen |
Define Microbacteria: | Mycrobacteria are aerobic, non-spore-forming, non-moving, rod-shaped organisms. |
Microbacterium Tuberculois is responsible for which disease? | Tuberculosis |
Microbacterium Leprae is responsible for which disease? | Leprosy |
Give examples of Gram Positive Cocci: | Staphlococcus, Streptococcus, and Enterococcus |
What is the persistant cause of healthcare aquired (nosicomial) infections? | Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) |
What is a prion? | An abnormal protein in the brain, leading to brain damage. |
Give examples of diseases caused by prions: | CJD, variant Creutzfeldt-Jacob Disease (vCJD), Gerstmann-Straussler-Scheinker syndrome, fatal familial insomnia, kuru |
Where are spirochetes found? | Water, sewage, soil, and decaying matter. |
What is responsible for relapsing fever and Lyme Disease? | genus Borrelia usually transmitted by ticks or lice |
What requires a living organism to survive? | Viruses |
Give examples of viruses: | AIDS, rabies, smallpox, poliomyelitis, measles, fever blisters, influenza, herpes, hepatitis A, B, and C, and the common cold. |
What is the health care worker most likely to be exposed to in the health care work enviornment? | Hepatitis C |
What are single celled Microorganisms | Protozoa |