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Microeconomics
Chapter 10
Term | Definition |
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Relevant Market | The set of goods whose cross elasticities with others in the set are relatively high and whose cross elasticities with goods outside the set are relatively low. |
Market Structure | A set of market characteristics such as number of firms, ease of firm entry, and substitutability of goods. |
Mutual Interdependence | Any price change made by one firm in the oligopoly affects the pricing behavior of all other firms in the oligopoly. |
Monopoly | A market structure consisting of one firm producing a good that has no close substitutes. Firm entry is impossible. |
Industry | A collection of firms producing the same good. |
Natural Monopoly | The result of a combination of market demand and firm's costs such that only one firm is able to produce profitably in a market. |
Patent | A monopoly right on the use of a specific new technology or on the production of a new good. The monopoly right is awarded to and safeguarded by the government to the firm who introduces the new technology or good. |
Monopolistic Competition | A market structure consisting of many firms producing goods that are close substitutes. Firm entry is possible but is less open and easy than in perfect competition. |
Oligopoly | A market structure consisting of only a few firms producing goods that are close substitutes. |
Brand Loyalty | The willingness of consumers to continue buying a good at a price higher than the price of its close substitutes. |
Market Share | The percentage of total market sales produced by a particular firm in a market. |
Perfect Competition | A market structure consisting of a large number of firms producing goods that are perfect substitutes. Firm entry is open and easy. |
Product Differentiation | The physical or perceived differences among goods in a market that make them close, but not perfect, substitutes for each other. |