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Res 202 final

Question	Answer
How many electron will calcium gain or lose when it forms an ion	lose 2
How many electrons will nitrogen gain or lose when it forms an ion	gain 3
The ion that is the main electrolyte in the intercellular fluid of the body is the	potassium ion
The most abundant electrolyte in the blood is the	sodium ion
Calcium is needed in the body for	the bones and teeth
The total charge on an ionic compound is	0
With respect to a physiological saline solution, a salt solution having a concentration of 1.2% is	hypertonic
With respect to a physiological saline solution, a salt solution having concentration of 0.7%	hypotonic
In a molecule with covalent bonding	the atoms are held together by sharing electrons
In a compound with ionic bonding	it is held together by the force of attration between oppositely charged ions
A convalently bonded group of atoms with a net positive or negative charge is an	polyatomic ion
The movement of water from an area of lower concentration to an area of higher concentreation is called	osmosis
A solution having a lower concentration than found in the cells of the body is called an	hypotonic solution
A solution having a higher concentration than found in the cells of the body is called an	hypertonic solution
The shrinking of blood cells placed in a hypertonic solution is called	crenation
A salt solution with a concentration of 0.9% is	none of the above
The quantitative term in chemistry realted to Avogardo's number of particles of a substance is	mole
One way to transport oxygen from the lungs to the cells is by	using hemoglobin
what is the charge on a neutral atom if it loses 3 electrons	+3
According to the kinetic theory, particles of a gas	undergo elastic collsions
The collisions of gas molecules against the wall of a container is called	pressure
Inflating a balloon by forcing air into it is an example of	Avagardro's Law
When you increase the absolute temperature of a gas, your	increase the average kinetic energy of the molecules
A celsius temperature of 33 c is equal to a kelvin temperature of	306 K
According to Boyle's law, the volume of a gas will__________ when the __________ increases	Decrease, pressure
Inspiration, breathing in, is caused by:	Increasing the volume of the chest cavity, which decreases the pressure in the chest cavity
When a person exhales	Decreasing the volume of the chest cavity which increases the pressure in the chest cavity
According to Gay-Lussac's law, if you would double the absolute temperature of a gas at a constant volume, the pressure would:	Double
The total pressure in a mixture of gases is equal to the	sum of the partial pressures of all the gases in the mixture
A patient is receving oxygen with a mixture of gases. If the percent of oxygen is 30 %, and the total pressure of the mixture is 680 mm Hg, what is the partial pressure of the oxygen?	204 mm Hg
A tank contains nitrogen gas at 520 mm Hg, helium gas at 120 mm Hg, and neon gas at 240 mm Hg. What is the total pressure of the gas	880 mm Hg
The actual weight of water vapor contained in a given amount of gas is	the absoulte humidity
The actual amount of water vapor compared to the amount of water vapor that a gas can hold at a given temperature is called	the relative humidity
The movement of gas from an area high concentration of that gas to an area of low concentration of that gas is called	diffusion
Gases diffuse from an area of __________ concentration to an area of __________ concentration	high, low
Which of the following correctly describes the partial pressure of oxygen and carbon dioxide in arterial blood	low oxygen, high carbon dioxide
The solution of a gas in a liquid is directly related to the pressure of the gas above the liquid is a statement of	Henry's law
The solubility of a gas in a liquid	increases as the partial pressure of the gas above the liquid increases
For a chemical reaction to take place between reactants, they must	collide with proper orientation and have sufficient energy to react
Increasing the concentration of the reactants increases the rate of a reaction because	it increases the probability of a properly oriented collision
Decreasing the temperature of a reactant will cause the rate of reaction to	decrease
Addition of a catalyst will cause the rate of reaction to	increase
The names for catalysts that are found in the body is	enzymes
Which of the following shouldn't you give to a person suffering from hypothermia?	alcohol
Which of the following is a characteristic of an acid	sour taste, produce hydrogen ions in solution, turn litmus red (all of the above)
Which of the following is a characteristic of a base?	turn litmus blue
In a basic solution	the concentration of OH is greater than the H concentration
Which of the following substances in solution are acidic	HCL
A solution with a pH of 9 is	basic
Acids that ionize 100% in aqueous solution are called	strong acids
The average pH of the blood is	7.4 slightly basic
A patient with a blood pH of 7.6 has	alkalosis
The chief buffer system in the blood is the	carbonate buffer system
In the carbonate buffer system,__________ reacts with any excess hydroxide ions	carbonic acid H2CO3
When concentration of carbonic acid increases it decomposes into	H2O and CO2
Which of the following is a characterisitic of organic compounds	insoluble in water, easily decomposed by heat, react very slowly (all of the above)
A hydrocarbon consists of	carbon and hydrogen only
A hydrocarbon compound that has single covalent bonds is called a	alkane
Which of the following compounds is an alkane?	CH3CH2CH3
A hydrocarbon with one or more double covalent bonds is a	alkene
Which of the following compounds is a alkene	CH2=CH2
An unsaturated hydrocarbon	has one or more carbon-carbon double bonds
A carbohydrate that consists of a single sugar molecule is called	a monosaccharide
A carbohydrate that consists of many sugar molecules is called	a polysaccharide
Glucose is sometimes referred to as	blood sugar
The normal concentration of glucose in the blood is	70 to 100 mg/100ml of blood
A glucose concentration of greater than 100mg/100ml is called	hyperglycemia
The presence of glucose in the urine is called	glucosuria
A person with type O blood can donate blood to a person with which blood type	A, B, AB, (any of above)
A person with type AB blood can receive blood from a person with which blood type	A, B, O, (any of the above)
Which of the following is a disaccharide	sucrose
Hydrolysis of starch produce	glucose
The storage form of glucose in animals is	glycogen
A plant or animal product that is soluble in nonpolar solvents are called	lipids
Saponifia lipids are	made up of esters
Nonsaponifiable lipids are	made up of the steroid nucleus
Fats have a higher percent of	saturated fatty acids
The only difference between the structures of different amino acids is	the side chain group G
The arrangement of the atoms in the general formula of the amino acids is	N-C-COOH
Amino acids that cannot be sythesized in the body are called	essential amino acids
The process of hydrolysis results in	the convalent bonds that hold the amino acids together are broken
The disorganization of the protein structure in such a manner as to render the protein incapable of performing it function is called	denaturation
Heat denatures proteins by	causing the protein molecules to vibrate violently
A globular protein found in the blood that carries molecules not soluble in the blood is	albumin
The active catalytic site is	the place on the enzyme where the reactions takes place
Enzymes are	proteins that are catalysts within the body
The reactant in an enzyme-catalyzed reaction is	the substrate
coenzymes are	vitamins
The inactive form of an enzyme is called an	zymogen
The presence of higher than normal levels of GPT in the blood indicates	a possible liver damage or infection
Why would a doctor check for high levels of GPT in the blood after a gallbladder operation	see if the liver was damaged during the operation
The kingdom of one-celled organisms is called	protista
Hospital-aquired infections are called	nosocomial infections
__________ infections occur in people with compromised immune systems	opportunistic
The process in which bacteria cells reproduce the cells, splitting and forming two daughters cells from a single parent cell is called	binary fission
Which of the following is the correct name for the named bacteria	staphylococcus aureus
High resistant forms of bacteria that develop in response to adverse environmental conditions are called	spores
The term staphylococcus refers to cocci bacteria	in a bunch like grapes
Streptococcus refers to cocci bacteria	in long chains
The type of bacteria stain that produces information about the compostition of the cell wall is an	differential stain
The sensitivity portion of the culture and sensitivity test is used to determine	the most effective antibiotic for treatment
If more than one organism is found in a culture, the culture is called a	mixed culture
A qualitative sensitivity test that uses the different antibiotics on a paper disk placed on the culture medium is called	disk diffusion method
The ___________ determines the killing activity of a microbial	minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC)
Which of the following are problems produced by toxins released by bacteria	destruction of body tissues, destruction of blood cells, inhibition of ribosomes (all of the above)
Antibiotics that inhibit the replication of microorganism and prevent the growth of organisms without desetroying them are called	bacteriostatic agents
A bacterium that needs oxygen to survive is classified as an	aerobic bacterium
A ___________ contains no organelles and is basically a protein coat that covers DNA or RNA strand	virus
Viruses cause disease by	Destroying the host cell and making a favorable environment for the development of a secondary bacterial infection
The method of viral detection that involves the detection of the antigen of the virus is called	direct detection
A __________ is an organism that lives in or on a host's expense	parasite
The dormant form of a parasite is called a	cyst
Fungal infections are most likely to develop in people	with an impaired immune system or other underlying disease
Which of the following diseases is caused by bacteria	rheumatic fever
Which of the following diseases is caused by a fungus	thrush
Which of the following diseases is caused by a parasite	malaria
actively growing organisms are called	vegetative organisms
a dormant protective state if an organism is referred to as a	spore
The presence of microorganisms with a tissue reaction is called	an infecion
Contamination is	the presence of microorganisms without a tissue reaction
The process that eliminates vegetative, pathogenic microorganisms from an inanimate object is called	disinfection
A 10 degrees C increase in temperature will	double the killing rate
Immersion in boiling water for 15 minutes is not considered a true sterilization process because it	is ineffectual against many bacteria and fungal spores
The action of an alcohol used as a disinfectant is	to disorganize the pathogen's lipid structure of the cell membrane
Acetic acid's (vinegar) disinfectant action is due to its	acidity, which denatures the cell's proteins
Which of the following is not a factor for the proper sterilization using ethylene oxide (ETO)	the object being a liquid
Which of the following is not a disadvantage of using gamma radiation to sterilize substances	It generates excessive heat
The mode of disinfectant action for phenols is that they	cause cell leakage and inactivate enzymes in the cell membrane
Which of the following is not a portal of entry for infectious agents	the fingernails
A reservoir of infection is	an individual who is a carrier of a disease but possesses no disease symptoms
Which of the following diseases could be caused by a bacterial infection of a wound?	tetanus
A clostridium difficle infection of the gastrointestinal tract causes	diarrhea
A candida albicans infection of the genitourinary tract causes	vaginitis
several people who ate at a salad bar at a restaurant develop E coil infection. This is an example of which of the following transmission?	common vehicle
A person sitting next to you has the flu and sneezes but doesn't cover his nose. The next day you come down with the flu. The route of transmission is	airborne
A rat climbs out of sewer near a picnic area and walks over some cookies unnoticed. A person ate a cookie. This is an example of	vector-mechanical route of transmission
A person develops lyme disease from a tick bite, the route of transmission is	vector transmission
How long is it recommended that you wash your hands for?	25 to 30 seconds
Which of the following is not a standard procedure when in contact with patients	You should wear gloves when in contact with any patient
You are assigned a patient in which there is a possibility for pathogen transmission by droplet spread or dust particle. The personal protective equipment you should wear when you enter the room would be	a HEPA filtered mask
Which of the following diseases could result from a bacteria infection of the respiratory system	Whooping Cough

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