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Life Science-Jon

Flashcards for Miss DiVito's 7th grade end of year review

TermDefinition
Meiosis A Special type of cell division or cell cycle undergone by body cells in order to turn them into sex cells,necessary for sexual reproduction.In Meiosis, the Mitosis cell cylce happens twice ending with the creation of 4 cells with 1/2 the genetic material
Metaphase The stage of Mitosis and Meiosis in which condensed and highly coiled chromosomes, carrying genetic information, align in the middle of the cell
Mitosis The stage of the cell cycle during which the cell's nucleus divides into 2 new nuclei
Prophase The stage of Mitosis or Meiosis in which the chromatin condenses into a highly ordered structure called a chromosome in which the chromatin becomes visible
Telophase The stage of Mitosis or Meiosis when two daughter form around each pair of chromatids in the new cell. Telophase accounts for approximately 2% of the cell cycle's duration
Alleles The different forms of a gene
Dominant Allele The form of a gene whose charecteristics will be displayed if the Allele is present
Genotype The genetic makeup of an organism or group of organisms with reference to a single trait,set of traits,or an entire complex of traits.
Phenotype The appearance of an organism resulting from the interaction of the genotype and the enviroment
Probability The relitive possibility that an event will occur, as expressed by the ratio of number of actual occurrences to the total number of possible occurrences
Punnett Squares A Type of grid that can indicate all the possible outcomes of a genetic cross.
Recessive Allele The form of a gene whose charecteristics will only be displayed if in the presence of a matching copy of the same Allele
Biological Inheritance This is the process in which a living organism produces another organism that shares its same traits
Environmental Factors The expression of genes in an organism can be influenced by the environment. External Factors can still influence the way an organism develops and functions
Genetic Disorder This is caused by abnormalities in genes or chromosomes.Some Genetic Disorders are passed down from the parents' genes, but others are always or almost always caused by new mutations or changes to the DNA
Platelets Small,round cell fragments containing no nuclei that are found in the blood and help in the clotting of blood.
Red Blood Cells A disk-shaped cell in the blood that contains hemogoblin,lacks a nucleus,and tranports oxygen and carbon dioxide to and from the tissues
Valve A flap-like stucture in a hollow organ,such as the heart,that controls the one-way passage of fluid through that organ
Vein Any of the blood vessels that carry deoxygenated blood toward the heart from the body's cells,tissue,and organs
Ventricle A chamber of the heart that recives blood from one or more Atria and pumps it by muscular contraction into arteries
White Blood Cells Colorless cells in the blood that help combat infection
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