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Stereotypes
Question | Answer |
---|---|
social categorisation | the classification of persons into groups on the basis of common attributes |
ingroups | gorups with which an individual feels a sense of membership, belonging and identity |
outgroups | gorups with which an idividual does not feel a sense of membership, belonging or identity |
out group homogeneity effect (accentuation effect) | the tendency to assume that there is greater similarity among members of outgroups than among members of ingroups |
illusory correlations | the tendency for people to overestimate the link between variables that are only slightly or not at al correlated |
fundamental attribution | the tendency to focus on the role of personal causes and underestimate the impact of situations on other peoples behaviour |
confirmation biases | our tendency to seek interpret and create information that verifies exisiting beleifs |
self-fufilling prophecy | the process by which ones expectations about a person eventually lead that person to behave in ways that confirm those expectations |
contrast effects | the tendency to perceive stimuli that differ from expectations as being even more different than they really are |
prejudice | negative feelings about others because of their connection with a social group |
discrimination | negative behaviors directed at someone because of their membership with a particular group |
sociocultural factors | influence what types ofcategorisations dominate perceptions of others |
Modern racism | a form of prejudice that surfaces in subtle ways when it is safe, socially acceptable and easy to rationalise |
ambivalent sexism | a form of sexism characterised by attitudes about women that reflect both negative, resentful beleifs and feelings and affectionate, chivalrous, but potentially patronising beliefs and feelings |