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Psych SubstanceAbuse
Substance Abuse Stack #173484
Substance | Intoxication | Withdrawal |
---|---|---|
Alcohol | Disinhibition, emotional lability, slurred speech, ataxia, coma blackouts. Serum GGT-sensitive indicator | tremor, tachycardia, htn, malaise, nausea, seizures, delirium tremens, tremulousness, agitation, hallucinations |
opioid | CNS depression, nausea and vomiting, constipation, pupillary constriction, seizures (overdose is lifethreatening) | anxiety, insomnia, anorexia, sweating, dilated pupils, piloerection, fever, rhinorrhea, nausea, stomach cramps, diarrhea, yawning |
amphetamine | psychomotor agitation, impaired judgment, pupillary dilation, htn, tachycardia, euphoria, PROLONGED WAKEFULNESS AND ATTENTION, CARDIAC ARRHYTHMIAS, DELUSIONS, hallucinations, fever | post-use crash, including depression, lethargy, HEADACHE, STOMACH CRAMPS, HUNGER, hypersonmolence |
cocaine | euphoria, psychomotor agitation, impaired judgment, tachycardia, pupillary dilation, hypertension, hallucinations, PARANOID IDEATIONS, ANGINA, SUDDEN CARDIAC DEATH | post-use crash including severe depression and SUICIDALITY, hypersomnolence, fatigue, malaise, severe psychological CRAVING |
pcp | belligerence, impulsiveness, fever, psychomotor agitation, vertical and horizontal nystagmus, tachycardia, ataxia, homicidality, psychosis, delirium | recurrence of intoxication symptoms due to reabsorption in GI tract; sudden onset of severe, random, homicidal violence |
LSD | marked anxiety or depression, delusions, visual hallucinations, flashbacks, pupillary dilation | |
marijuana | euphoria, anxiety, paranoid delusions, perception of SLOWED TIME, impaired judgment, social withdrawal, increased appetite, DRY MOUTH, hallucinations | can be detected in urine up to 1 month after last use |
barbiturates | LOW safety margin, respiratory depression | anxiety, seizures, DELIRIUM, LIFE-THREATENING CV COLLAPSE |
BZD | GREATER safety margin. AMNESIA, ATAXIA, SOMNOLENCE, minor respiratory depression. ADDITIVE EFFECTS WITH ALCOHOL. | REBOUND anxiety, seizures, TREMOR, INSOMNIA |
caffeine | restlessness, insomnia, increased DIURESIS, muscle twitching, cardiac arrhythmias | headache, lethargy, DEPRESSION, wight gain |
nicotine | restlessness, insomnia, anxiety, arrhythmias | IRRITABILITY, headache, ANXIETY, weight gain, CRAVING |