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Science
Chapter 5
Term | Definition |
---|---|
allele | the different form of a trait that a gene may have |
phenotype | the way an organism looks or behaves |
genotype | an organism's genetic makeup |
heredity | passing of traits from parents to offspring |
dominant | a trait that can cover up another form of the trait |
Punnett square | a tool used to predict the probability of traits |
recessive | describes a trait that is covered over or hidden |
genetics | study of how traits are inherited through the action of alleles |
polygenic inheritance | occurs when a group of gene pairs acts together to produce a trait, such as human eye color |
heterozygous | describes an organism with different alleles for a trait (example: Tt); also called a hybrid |
homozygous | describes an organism with two alleles that are the same for a trait |
hybrid | an offspring that was given different genetic information for a trait from each parent |
incomplete dominance | production of a phenotype that is intermediate or a blend of two homozygous parents |
genetic engineering | biological and chemical methods to change the arrangement of a gene's DNA |
sex-linked gene | an allele inherited on a sex chromosome that can cause a disorder, such as color blindness |